Which of the following occur during the act of vomiting? \(\begin{array}{llll} &Lower ~Esophageal& Upper~ Esophageal& Abdominal &Diaphragm\\ &Sphincter&Sphincter& Muscles\\\hline A.&\text {Contract } & \text { Contract } & \text { Contract } & \text { Contract } \\ B.&\text {Contract } & \text { Contract } & \text { Relax } & \text { Relax } \\ C.&\text {Relax } & \text { Contract } & \text { Contract } & \text { Relax } \\ D.&\text { Relax } & \text { Relax } & \text { Contract } & \text { Contract } \\ E.&\text { Relax } & \text { Relax } & \text { Relax } & \text { Relax } \end{array}\)

The answer of Which of the following occur during the...

Exam 64: Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract

Mass movements are often stimulated after a meal by distention of the stomach and distention of the duodenum. Mass movements often lead to which of the following?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 21

Parasympathetic stimulation can increase intestinal motility because parasympathetic stimulation increases slow wave frequency.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 22

Ileocecal sphincter tone decreases (relaxes) after distention of which structure?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 23

A person sustaining a stroke can have trouble swallowing because a stroke can cause damage to the swallowing center.

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 24

Which one of the following manometric recordings illustrates normal function of the esophagus at mid-thoracic level before and after swallowing (arrow)? The dashed lines represent a pressure of 0 mm Hg.

(Short Answer)

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Question 25

Which one of the following manometric recordings illustrates normal function of the esophagus at a point below the diaphragm before and after swallowing (arrow)? The dashed lines represent a pressure of 0 mm Hg.

(Short Answer)

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Question 26

Which of the following occur during the act of vomiting? Lower\nobreakspaceEsophageal Upper\nobreakspaceEsophageal Abdominal Diaphragm Sphincter Sphincter Muscles A. Contract Contract Contract Contract B. Contract Contract Relax Relax C. Relax Contract Contract Relax D. Relax Relax Contract Contract E. Relax Relax Relax Relax

(Short Answer)

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Question 27

A newborn boy does not pass meconium in the first 24 hours. His abdomen is distended, and he begins vomiting. Various other tests lead to a diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. An obstruction is most likely to be found in which portion of the gut?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 28

A 39-year-old man has from chest pain when he eats, especially meat. He also belches excessively and has heartburn. His wife complains about his bad breath. The radiograph shows a dilated esophagus, and achalasia is suspected. Esophageal manometry confirms the diagnosis. Which one of the pressure tracings given below was taken at the lower esophageal sphincter of this patient before and after swallowing (arrow)? The dashed line represents a pressure of 0 mm Hg.

(Short Answer)

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Question 29

The main mixing movement of the stomach is which of the following?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 30

A 43-year-old medical student suffers severe damage to the conus medullaris in an accident. He initiates defecation by inserting a balloon-tipped Foley catheter into his rectum and inflating the balloon with a 50 mL syringe. Which reflex is stimulated by the balloon in this patient?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 31

The diagram shows manometric recordings from a patient before and after pelvic floor training. A balloon placed in the rectum was inflated (arrows) and deflated repeatedly. Tracing Z is a manometric recording obtained from the external anal sphincter before and after pelvic floor training. Which of the following best describe the origin of tracing X?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 32

The ileocecal junction functions as a valve and a sphincter. Ileocecal sphincter tone increases after distention of which of the following?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 33

Showing 21 - 33 of 33

Exam 64: Propulsion and Mixing of Food in the Alimentary Tract

Mass movements are often stimulated after a meal by distention of the stomach and distention of the duodenum. Mass movements often lead to which of the following?

Parasympathetic stimulation can increase intestinal motility because parasympathetic stimulation increases slow wave frequency.

Ileocecal sphincter tone decreases (relaxes) after distention of which structure?

A person sustaining a stroke can have trouble swallowing because a stroke can cause damage to the swallowing center.

Which one of the following manometric recordings illustrates normal function of the esophagus at mid-thoracic level before and after swallowing (arrow)? The dashed lines represent a pressure of 0 mm Hg.

Which one of the following manometric recordings illustrates normal function of the esophagus at a point below the diaphragm before and after swallowing (arrow)? The dashed lines represent a pressure of 0 mm Hg.

A newborn boy does not pass meconium in the first 24 hours. His abdomen is distended, and he begins vomiting. Various other tests lead to a diagnosis of Hirschsprung's disease. An obstruction is most likely to be found in which portion of the gut?

The main mixing movement of the stomach is which of the following?

A 43-year-old medical student suffers severe damage to the conus medullaris in an accident. He initiates defecation by inserting a balloon-tipped Foley catheter into his rectum and inflating the balloon with a 50 mL syringe. Which reflex is stimulated by the balloon in this patient?

The ileocecal junction functions as a valve and a sphincter. Ileocecal sphincter tone increases after distention of which of the following?

Functional Organization of the Human Body and Control of the Internal Environment

The Cell and Its Functions

Genetic Control of Protein Synthesis, Cell Function, and Cell Reproduction

Transport of Substances Through Cell Membranes

Membrane Potentials and Action Potentials

Contraction of Skeletal Muscle

Excitation of Skeletal Muscle: Neuromuscular Transmission and Excitation-Contraction Coupling

Excitation and Contraction of Smooth Muscle

Cardiac Muscle; the Heart As a Pump and Function of the Heart Valves

Rhythmical Excitation of the Heart

The Normal Electrocardiogram

Electrocardiographic Interpretation of Cardiac Muscle and Coronary Blood Flow Abnormalities: Vectorial Analysis

Cardiac Arrhythmias and Their Electrocardiographic Interpretation

Overview of the Circulation; Biophysics of Pressure, Flow, and Resistance

Vascular Distensibility and Functions of the Arterial and Venous Systems

The Microcirculation and Lymphatic System: Capillary Fluid Exchange, Interstitial Fluid, and Lymph Flow

Local and Humoral Control of Tissue Blood Flow

Nervous Regulation of the Circulation and Rapid Control of Arterial Pressure

Role of the Kidneys in Long-Term Control of Arterial Pressure and in Hypertension: the Integrated System for Arterial Pressure Regulation

Cardiac Output, Venous Return, and Their Regulation

Muscle Blood Flow and Cardiac Output During Exercise; the Coronary Circulation and Ischemic Heart Disease

Cardiac Failure

Heart Valves and Heart Sounds; Valvular and Congenital Heart Defects

Circulatory Shock and Its Treatment

The Body Fluid Compartments: Extracellular and Intracellular Fluids; Edema

Red Blood Cells, Anemia, and Polycythemia

Resistance of the Body to Infection: I Leukocytes, Granulocytes, the Monocyte-Macrophage System, and Inflammation

Resistance of the Body to Infection: Ii Immunity and Allergy

Blood Types; Transfusion; Tissue and Organ Transplantation

Hemostasis and Blood Coagulation

Pulmonary Ventilation

Pulmonary Circulation, Pulmonary Edema, Pleural Fluid

Physical Principles of Gas Exchange; Diffusion of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Through the Respiratory Membrane

Transport of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide in Blood and Tissue Fluids

Regulation of Respiration

Respiratory Insufficiencypathophysiology, Diagnosis, Oxygen Therapy

Aviation, High Altitude, and Space Physiology

Physiology of Deep-Sea Diving and Other Hyperbaric Conditions

Organization of the Nervous System, Basic Functions of Synapses, and Neurotransmitters

Sensory Receptors, Neuronal Circuits for Processing Information

Somatic Sensations: I General Organization, the Tactile and Position Senses

Somatic Sensations: II Pain, Headache, and Thermal Sensations

The Eye: I Optics of Vision

The Eye: II Receptor and Neural Function of the Retina

The Eye: III Central Neurophysiology of Vision

The Sense of Hearing

The Chemical Sensestaste and Smell

Motor Functions of the Spinal Cord; the Cord Reflexes

Cortical and Brain Stem Control of Motor Function

Contributions of the Cerebellum and Basal Ganglia to Overall Motor Control

Cerebral Cortex, Intellectual Functions of the Brain, Learning, and Memory

Behavioral and Motivational Mechanisms of the Brainthe Limbic System and the Hypothalamus

States of Brain Activitysleep, Brain Waves, Epilepsy, Psychoses, and Dementia

The Autonomic Nervous System and the Adrenal Medulla

Cerebral Blood Flow, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Brain Metabolism

General Principles of Gastrointestinal Functionmotility, Nervous Control, and Blood Circulation

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