Exam 12: Biological Dispositions in Learning

Distinguishing features of adjunctive behavior include the fact that:

Which of the following is a similarity between anorexic rats and anorexic humans?

In a sign-tracking experiment, you notice a dog barking at a light that has frequently been paired with the delivery of food. In this instance, the barking is best interpreted as a(n) _____ while the light is a(n) _____.

During a vacation trip to a desert, Bill was startled by a snake and subsequently became terrified of snakes. Over the years, he has also received several shocks from handling the frayed cord on his old toaster and now feels slightly uncomfortable while handling it. Which of the following would most likely account for the difference in the level of fear elicited in these two situations?

Mark has the flu and is made to follow a liquid diet. He is given porridge for breakfast on a day when his flu is at its worst. As a result, Mark is likely to develop:

Define taste aversion conditioning, and diagram an experimental example.

An excessive pattern of behavior that emerges as a by-product of an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for some other behavior is known as:

Taste aversion conditioning occurs less readily to the _________ -tasting food item in a meal than to the _________-tasting item in the meal. This can be seen as an example of the _________ effect in classical conditioning.

Sign tracking is the tendency of an organism to:

A pigeon's tendency to peck at a key light that has been paired with the noncontingent delivery of food is known as _________.

Examples of adjunctive behaviors that have been produced in the laboratory include:

When Sami tried to shape her pet squirrel's behavior to fetch marbles in the backyard, things proceeded quite smoothly at first. Then, the squirrel started burying the marbles rather than bringing them to her. This behavior pattern is likely:

List two implications for treatment and four implications for prevention that have been suggested by the activity anorexia model.

In sign-tracking experiments, the stimulus that an animal approaches is best interpreted as a(n) _____, while the approach behavior is a(n) _____.

The phenomenon of negative _________ explains why a pigeon will compulsively peck at a key light that precedes the delivery of food even though the key peck prevents the delivery of food.

A displacement activity is likely to be displayed when an animal is:

In keeping with the research on taste aversion conditioning, a good way to increase Jana's preference for turnips would be to:

A tendency toward activity anorexia likely has survival value for animals in that it facilitates:

Define activity anorexia. What is the basic procedure for inducing this behavior pattern in rats?

The phenomenon of _____ explains why we are more likely to associate a relatively novel item, such as an unusual liqueur, with sickness than we would a more familiar item such as beer.