Question 1

_________ behaviors can serve to enhance self-control when they facilitate the act of waiting for a delayed reinforcer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _________ behaviors can serve to enhance self-control...

Question 2

Jorge is repelled by the smell and taste of milk. For this reason, he avoids all milk products because he perceives any product that contains milk as aversive. This scenario is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulus generalization 
B)  latent inhibition 
C)  overshadowing 
D)  blocking 
A)  stimulus generalization 
B)  latent inhibition 
C)  overshadowing 
D)  blocking

Question 3

Which of the following is most likely an example of adjunctive behavior in humans that is commonly associated with periods of enforced waiting?

Accepted Answer

A)  Taking a shower 
B)  Nail biting 
C)  Crying 
D)  Studying 
A)  Taking a shower 
B)  Nail biting 
C)  Crying 
D)  Studying

Question 4

In terms of classical conditioning processes, the presence within a meal of a food item that has previously been associated with illness is likely to _____ the development of aversive associations to other items in the meal.

Accepted Answer

A)  overshadow 
B)  block 
C)  assist 
D)  facilitate 
A)  overshadow 
B)  block 
C)  assist 
D)  facilitate

Question 5

Outline three ways in which taste aversion conditioning differs from other forms of classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

Taste aversion conditioning differs from

Question 6

An innate tendency to more readily associate certain kinds of stimuli with each other is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  sign tracking 
B)  associative specificity 
C)  CS-US relevance 
D)  instinctive drift 
A)  sign tracking 
B)  associative specificity 
C)  CS-US relevance 
D)  instinctive drift

Question 7

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of adjunctive behavior in humans?

Accepted Answer

A)  Scratching 
B)  Sneezing 
C)  Doodling on paper 
D)  Finger tapping 
A)  Scratching 
B)  Sneezing 
C)  Doodling on paper 
D)  Finger tapping

Question 8

Etscorn and Stephens found that rats could develop taste aversions to flavored water that had been ingested up to _____ before they were injected with an illness-inducing drug.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 minutes 
B)  90 minutes 
C)  3 hours 
D)  24 hours 
A)  2 minutes 
B)  90 minutes 
C)  3 hours 
D)  24 hours

Question 9

In the context of adjunctive behavior as a displacement activity, it is suggested that people who succeed in quitting smoking are likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  find a replacement activity. 
B)  exhibit symptoms of instinctive drift. 
C)  notice a reduction in their self-control. 
D)  paradoxically focus on the withdrawal symptoms. 
A)  find a replacement activity. 
B)  exhibit symptoms of instinctive drift. 
C)  notice a reduction in their self-control. 
D)  paradoxically focus on the withdrawal symptoms.

Question 10

During her spring break in Mexico, Celeste drank too much tequila, became sick to her stomach, and developed a strong aversion to tequila. This aversion can probably be eliminated by _____, which would be an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  repeatedly drinking tequila without further illness; extinguishing 
B)  consistently avoiding tequila; spontaneous recovery 
C)  repeatedly drinking tequila without further illness; blocking 
D)  consistently avoiding tequila; latent inhibition 
A)  repeatedly drinking tequila without further illness; extinguishing 
B)  consistently avoiding tequila; spontaneous recovery 
C)  repeatedly drinking tequila without further illness; blocking 
D)  consistently avoiding tequila; latent inhibition

Question 11

In an experiment, both quail and rats were given blue, sour water to drink. After this, the animals were made sick. When later given a choice between blue water and sour water, the rats avoided the _____ water and the quail avoided the _____ water.

Accepted Answer

A)  blue; blue 
B)  sour; sour 
C)  blue; sour 
D)  sour; blue 
A)  blue; blue 
B)  sour; sour 
C)  blue; sour 
D)  sour; blue

Question 12

List four characteristics of adjunctive behaviors.

Accepted Answer

Adjunctive behaviors, also known as sche

Question 13

Based on Jenkins & Moore's experiment on autoshaping, the fact that pigeons peck a key differently when the reinforcer is food as opposed to water is most readily explained in terms of:

Accepted Answer

A)  adjunctive processes. 
B)  the behavioral bliss point approach. 
C)  Pavlov's stimulus-substitution theory. 
D)  the response deprivation hypothesis. 
A)  adjunctive processes. 
B)  the behavioral bliss point approach. 
C)  Pavlov's stimulus-substitution theory. 
D)  the response deprivation hypothesis.

Question 14

According to research on activity anorexia, dieters who wish to lose weight safely should:

Accepted Answer

A)  eat several small meals per day. 
B)  slowly increase their level of exercise. 
C)  eat nutritionally well-balanced meals. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  eat several small meals per day. 
B)  slowly increase their level of exercise. 
C)  eat nutritionally well-balanced meals. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 15

Which of the following takes place in the activity anorexia cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  When activity increases, food intake decreases. 
B)  When food intake decreases, activity increases. 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct. 
A)  When activity increases, food intake decreases. 
B)  When food intake decreases, activity increases. 
C)  Both a and b are correct. 
D)  Neither a nor b is correct.

Question 16

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of adjunctive behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  It typically occurs in the period preceding the consumption of the reinforcer. 
B)  It is unaffected by the level of deprivation for the scheduled reinforcer. 
C)  There is an optimal interval between reinforcers for its development. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  It typically occurs in the period preceding the consumption of the reinforcer. 
B)  It is unaffected by the level of deprivation for the scheduled reinforcer. 
C)  There is an optimal interval between reinforcers for its development. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 17

An excessive pattern of behavior that emerges as a by-product of an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for some other behavior is called _________ behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An excessive pattern of behavior that emerges...

Question 18

There is some evidence that activity anorexia is maintained by the release of:

Accepted Answer

A)  serotonin. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  endorphins. 
A)  serotonin. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  endorphins.

Question 19

Variables involved in the creation of activity anorexia include:

Accepted Answer

A)  access to food for a limited amount of time each day. 
B)  access to an insufficient amount of food to maintain body weight. 
C)  few opportunities to exercise. 
D)  All of these are correct. 
A)  access to food for a limited amount of time each day. 
B)  access to an insufficient amount of food to maintain body weight. 
C)  few opportunities to exercise. 
D)  All of these are correct.

Question 20

One of the distinguishing characteristics of adjunctive behavior is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  it is inversely related to the level of deprivation for the scheduled reinforcer. 
B)  it occurs prior to the consumption of the scheduled reinforcer. 
C)  it can function as a reinforcer for other behaviors. 
D)  it is more likely to occur on VI than FI schedules of reinforcement. 
A)  it is inversely related to the level of deprivation for the scheduled reinforcer. 
B)  it occurs prior to the consumption of the scheduled reinforcer. 
C)  it can function as a reinforcer for other behaviors. 
D)  it is more likely to occur on VI than FI schedules of reinforcement.

_________ behaviors can serve to enhance self-control when they facilitate the act of waiting for a delayed reinforcer.

Jorge is repelled by the smell and taste of milk. For this reason, he avoids all milk products because he perceives any product that contains milk as aversive. This scenario is an example of _____.

Which of the following is most likely an example of adjunctive behavior in humans that is commonly associated with periods of enforced waiting?

In terms of classical conditioning processes, the presence within a meal of a food item that has previously been associated with illness is likely to _____ the development of aversive associations to other items in the meal.

Outline three ways in which taste aversion conditioning differs from other forms of classical conditioning.

An innate tendency to more readily associate certain kinds of stimuli with each other is called _____.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of adjunctive behavior in humans?

Etscorn and Stephens found that rats could develop taste aversions to flavored water that had been ingested up to _____ before they were injected with an illness-inducing drug.

In the context of adjunctive behavior as a displacement activity, it is suggested that people who succeed in quitting smoking are likely to:

During her spring break in Mexico, Celeste drank too much tequila, became sick to her stomach, and developed a strong aversion to tequila. This aversion can probably be eliminated by _, which would be an example of _.

In an experiment, both quail and rats were given blue, sour water to drink. After this, the animals were made sick. When later given a choice between blue water and sour water, the rats avoided the _ water and the quail avoided the _ water.

List four characteristics of adjunctive behaviors.

Based on Jenkins & Moore's experiment on autoshaping, the fact that pigeons peck a key differently when the reinforcer is food as opposed to water is most readily explained in terms of:

According to research on activity anorexia, dieters who wish to lose weight safely should:

Which of the following takes place in the activity anorexia cycle?

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of adjunctive behavior?

An excessive pattern of behavior that emerges as a by-product of an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for some other behavior is called _________ behavior.

There is some evidence that activity anorexia is maintained by the release of:

Variables involved in the creation of activity anorexia include:

One of the distinguishing characteristics of adjunctive behavior is that:

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Comparative Cognition

Filters

Exam 12: Biological Dispositions in Learning

_________ behaviors can serve to enhance self-control when they facilitate the act of waiting for a delayed reinforcer.

Jorge is repelled by the smell and taste of milk. For this reason, he avoids all milk products because he perceives any product that contains milk as aversive. This scenario is an example of _____.

Which of the following is most likely an example of adjunctive behavior in humans that is commonly associated with periods of enforced waiting?

In terms of classical conditioning processes, the presence within a meal of a food item that has previously been associated with illness is likely to _____ the development of aversive associations to other items in the meal.

Outline three ways in which taste aversion conditioning differs from other forms of classical conditioning.

An innate tendency to more readily associate certain kinds of stimuli with each other is called _____.

Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of adjunctive behavior in humans?

Etscorn and Stephens found that rats could develop taste aversions to flavored water that had been ingested up to _____ before they were injected with an illness-inducing drug.

In the context of adjunctive behavior as a displacement activity, it is suggested that people who succeed in quitting smoking are likely to:

During her spring break in Mexico, Celeste drank too much tequila, became sick to her stomach, and developed a strong aversion to tequila. This aversion can probably be eliminated by _____, which would be an example of _____.

In an experiment, both quail and rats were given blue, sour water to drink. After this, the animals were made sick. When later given a choice between blue water and sour water, the rats avoided the _____ water and the quail avoided the _____ water.

List four characteristics of adjunctive behaviors.

Based on Jenkins & Moore's experiment on autoshaping, the fact that pigeons peck a key differently when the reinforcer is food as opposed to water is most readily explained in terms of:

According to research on activity anorexia, dieters who wish to lose weight safely should:

Which of the following takes place in the activity anorexia cycle?

Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of adjunctive behavior?

An excessive pattern of behavior that emerges as a by-product of an intermittent schedule of reinforcement for some other behavior is called _________ behavior.

There is some evidence that activity anorexia is maintained by the release of:

Variables involved in the creation of activity anorexia include:

One of the distinguishing characteristics of adjunctive behavior is that:

Introduction

Research Methods

Elicited Behaviors and Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning Basic Phenomena and Various Complexities

Classical Conditioning Underlying Processes in Classical Conditioning

Operant Conditioning Introduction

Schedules and Theories of Reinforcement

Extinction and Stimulus Control

Escape Avoidance and Punishment

Choice Matching and Self Control

Observational Learning and Rule Governed Behavior

Comparative Cognition

Filters

During her spring break in Mexico, Celeste drank too much tequila, became sick to her stomach, and developed a strong aversion to tequila. This aversion can probably be eliminated by _, which would be an example of _.

In an experiment, both quail and rats were given blue, sour water to drink. After this, the animals were made sick. When later given a choice between blue water and sour water, the rats avoided the _ water and the quail avoided the _ water.