Question 1

Explain performance management.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Performance management is a process of defining, measuring, appraising, providing feedback on, and improving performance. Defining performance in behavioral terms is an essential first step in the process. Done well, the performance management process leads to increased employee engagement, whereby workers know exactly what's expected of them and have the skills and abilities to meet those expectations. Once defined, performance can be measured and assessed so that workers can receive feedback and managers can set goals to improve performance. Positive performance behaviors should be rewarded, and poor performance behaviors should be corrected. Please see the section "Performance: A Key Construct" for more information.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of good supervisors?

Accepted Answer

A) They must not be vulnerable to challenges from subordinates. 
B) They must not engage with their subordinates in non-work activities. 
C) They must encourage employees to discuss their aspirations. 
D) They must identify non-performing employees and report to higher officials. 
A) They must not be vulnerable to challenges from subordinates. 
B) They must not engage with their subordinates in non-work activities. 
C) They must encourage employees to discuss their aspirations. 
D) They must identify non-performing employees and report to higher officials. C

Question 3

In the context of Harold Kelly's attribution theory, _____ is an informational cue indicating the extent to which peers in the same situation behave in a similar fashion.

Accepted Answer

A) consistency 
B) consensus 
C) distinctiveness 
D) reinforcement 
A) consistency 
B) consensus 
C) distinctiveness 
D) reinforcement B

Question 4

Goal setting reduces:

Accepted Answer

A) role stress associated with conflicting and confusing expectations. 
B) role clarity among employees. 
C) employee participation in decision making. 
D) communication between managers and employees. 
A) role stress associated with conflicting and confusing expectations. 
B) role clarity among employees. 
C) employee participation in decision making. 
D) communication between managers and employees.

Question 5

In the context of performance feedback, which of the following is true of 360-degree feedback?

Accepted Answer

A) It deteriorates the accuracy of performance appraisals. 
B) It is based on multiple sources of information. 
C) It involves feedback from peers instead of superiors. 
D) It fails when the management and performance feedback components are separated. 
A) It deteriorates the accuracy of performance appraisals. 
B) It is based on multiple sources of information. 
C) It involves feedback from peers instead of superiors. 
D) It fails when the management and performance feedback components are separated.

Question 6

Differentiate between individual reward systems and team reward systems.

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary. Individual reward sys

Question 7

_____ is a goal-setting program based on interaction and negotiation between employees and managers.

Accepted Answer

A) Management by objectives 
B) Management by reinforcement 
C) Management by exemption 
D) Management by learning 
A) Management by objectives 
B) Management by reinforcement 
C) Management by exemption 
D) Management by learning

Question 8

Classical conditioning has limited applicability to human behavior in organizations because:

Accepted Answer

A) humans are more amenable to simple cause-and-effect conditioning. 
B) behavioral environments in organizations are usually regulated by single stimulus-response manipulations. 
C) the human capacity for decision making can override simple conditioning. 
D) the behavioral environments in organizations are very amenable to single stimulus-response manipulations. 
A) humans are more amenable to simple cause-and-effect conditioning. 
B) behavioral environments in organizations are usually regulated by single stimulus-response manipulations. 
C) the human capacity for decision making can override simple conditioning. 
D) the behavioral environments in organizations are very amenable to single stimulus-response manipulations.

Question 9

Individuals with high self-efficacy believe that they:

Accepted Answer

A) have the ability to get things done. 
B) control what happens to others. 
C) bring about negative performance with the use of punishment. 
D) can influence others' behavior. 
A) have the ability to get things done. 
B) control what happens to others. 
C) bring about negative performance with the use of punishment. 
D) can influence others' behavior.

Question 10

_____ is most effective when used in conjunction with the positive reinforcement of desirable behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A) Extinction 
B) Regressive coping 
C) Punishment 
D) Contingency 
A) Extinction 
B) Regressive coping 
C) Punishment 
D) Contingency

Question 11

In the context of reinforcement theory, which of the following is an example of a positive consequence?

Accepted Answer

A) Promotion at work 
B) Transfer to an undesired location 
C) Criticism from a supervisor 
D) Disciplinary action 
A) Promotion at work 
B) Transfer to an undesired location 
C) Criticism from a supervisor 
D) Disciplinary action

Question 12

Which of the following best describes intuitors?

Accepted Answer

A) They are individuals who prefer analysis of data and information. 
B) They are individuals who prefer interpersonal involvement. 
C) They are individuals who prefer specific, empirical data. 
D) They are individuals who prefer theoretical frameworks. 
A) They are individuals who prefer analysis of data and information. 
B) They are individuals who prefer interpersonal involvement. 
C) They are individuals who prefer specific, empirical data. 
D) They are individuals who prefer theoretical frameworks.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of passive, compliant employees?

Accepted Answer

A) They take responsibility for future growth. 
B) They express their own goals. 
C) They fail to achieve full emotional development. 
D) They often disagree with their supervisor's ideas. 
A) They take responsibility for future growth. 
B) They express their own goals. 
C) They fail to achieve full emotional development. 
D) They often disagree with their supervisor's ideas.

Question 14

_____ involves three types of consequences: financial reinforcement, nonfinancial reinforcement, and social reinforcement to shape behavior in a variety of organizations.

Accepted Answer

A) Organizational citizenship behavior 
B) Task-specific self-efficacy 
C) Management by exception 
D) Organizational behavior modification 
A) Organizational citizenship behavior 
B) Task-specific self-efficacy 
C) Management by exception 
D) Organizational behavior modification

Question 15

In the context of key characteristics of effective performance appraisal, _____ means evaluating fairly against established criteria, regardless of individual differences.

Accepted Answer

A) validity 
B) reliability 
C) flexibility 
D) equitability 
A) validity 
B) reliability 
C) flexibility 
D) equitability

Question 16

Which of the following is true of team reward systems?

Accepted Answer

A) They minimize sharing of information among employees. 
B) They encourage cooperation within a work team. 
C) They encourage competition within a work team. 
D) They create a dysfunctional work environment. 
A) They minimize sharing of information among employees. 
B) They encourage cooperation within a work team. 
C) They encourage competition within a work team. 
D) They create a dysfunctional work environment.

Question 17

According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, attributions are formed based on:

Accepted Answer

A) feedback from coworkers. 
B) whether the three informational cues are low or high. 
C) objective and accurate opinions provided by managers. 
D) openness and trust in the workplace. 
A) feedback from coworkers. 
B) whether the three informational cues are low or high. 
C) objective and accurate opinions provided by managers. 
D) openness and trust in the workplace.

Question 18

Because punishment is discomforting to the individual being punished, it can bring about negative psychological, emotional, performance, or behavioral consequences, especially when applied too often.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following helps increase work motivation and task performance?

Accepted Answer

A) Providing timely feedback to employees 
B) Monitoring employee interaction during work hours 
C) Reducing communication between managers and employees 
D) Minimizing employee participation in decision making 
A) Providing timely feedback to employees 
B) Monitoring employee interaction during work hours 
C) Reducing communication between managers and employees 
D) Minimizing employee participation in decision making

Question 20

Managers play a critical role in helping to establish a direct link between performance and rewards by:

Accepted Answer

A) minimizing employee participation in decision making. 
B) providing employees with assistance toward goal completion. 
C) providing feedback exclusively after rewarding employees. 
D) minimizing performance evaluation. 
A) minimizing employee participation in decision making. 
B) providing employees with assistance toward goal completion. 
C) providing feedback exclusively after rewarding employees. 
D) minimizing performance evaluation.

Explain performance management.

Which of the following is true of good supervisors?

In the context of Harold Kelly's attribution theory, _____ is an informational cue indicating the extent to which peers in the same situation behave in a similar fashion.

Goal setting reduces:

In the context of performance feedback, which of the following is true of 360-degree feedback?

Differentiate between individual reward systems and team reward systems.

_____ is a goal-setting program based on interaction and negotiation between employees and managers.

Classical conditioning has limited applicability to human behavior in organizations because:

Individuals with high self-efficacy believe that they:

_____ is most effective when used in conjunction with the positive reinforcement of desirable behaviors.

In the context of reinforcement theory, which of the following is an example of a positive consequence?

Which of the following best describes intuitors?

Which of the following is true of passive, compliant employees?

_____ involves three types of consequences: financial reinforcement, nonfinancial reinforcement, and social reinforcement to shape behavior in a variety of organizations.

In the context of key characteristics of effective performance appraisal, _____ means evaluating fairly against established criteria, regardless of individual differences.

Which of the following is true of team reward systems?

According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, attributions are formed based on:

Because punishment is discomforting to the individual being punished, it can bring about negative psychological, emotional, performance, or behavioral consequences, especially when applied too often.

Which of the following helps increase work motivation and task performance?

Managers play a critical role in helping to establish a direct link between performance and rewards by:

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception, and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions, and Ethics

Motivation at Work

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters

Exam 6: Learning and Performance Management

Explain performance management.

Which of the following is true of good supervisors?

In the context of Harold Kelly's attribution theory, _____ is an informational cue indicating the extent to which peers in the same situation behave in a similar fashion.

Goal setting reduces:

In the context of performance feedback, which of the following is true of 360-degree feedback?

Differentiate between individual reward systems and team reward systems.

_____ is a goal-setting program based on interaction and negotiation between employees and managers.

Classical conditioning has limited applicability to human behavior in organizations because:

Individuals with high self-efficacy believe that they:

_____ is most effective when used in conjunction with the positive reinforcement of desirable behaviors.

In the context of reinforcement theory, which of the following is an example of a positive consequence?

Which of the following best describes intuitors?

Which of the following is true of passive, compliant employees?

_____ involves three types of consequences: financial reinforcement, nonfinancial reinforcement, and social reinforcement to shape behavior in a variety of organizations.

In the context of key characteristics of effective performance appraisal, _____ means evaluating fairly against established criteria, regardless of individual differences.

Which of the following is true of team reward systems?

According to Harold Kelley's attribution theory, attributions are formed based on:

Because punishment is discomforting to the individual being punished, it can bring about negative psychological, emotional, performance, or behavioral consequences, especially when applied too often.

Which of the following helps increase work motivation and task performance?

Managers play a critical role in helping to establish a direct link between performance and rewards by:

Organizational Behavior and Opportunity

Challenges for Managers

Personality, Perception, and Attribution

Attitudes, Emotions, and Ethics

Motivation at Work

Stress and Well-Being at Work

Communication

Work Teams and Groups

Decision Making by Individuals and Groups

Power and Political Behavior

Leadership and Followership

Conflict and Negotiation

Jobs and the Design of Work

Organizational Design and Structure

Organizational Culture

Career Management

Managing Change

Filters