Exam 6: Conditioning and Learning

Food, water, pain reduction, sex, and brain stimulation have in common the fact that all are __________ reinforcers.

Developing a fear of sharks after watching a movie that depicts "man-eating sharks" would have to take place through vicarious classical conditioning.

Learning that involves mechanical repetition and memorization is known as __________ learning.

Explain how the classical conditioning of an eye blink came to be used as a diagnostic tool.

Watching and imitating the actions of another person or noting the consequences of those actions is called observational learning, or

If you watch television every night and want to study more, make it a rule not to turn on the set until you have studied for an hour. Then, lengthen the requirement each week. Using the television watching as a reinforcement for studying is an example of

In which type of learning are new behavior patterns molded by changing the probability that various responses will be made?

When you are first learning golf, you may hit three or four very great shots in an entire round with these great shots being somewhat random and unpredictable. You are being reinforced on what kind of partial reinforcement schedule?

The conditioning of which of the following behaviors may be useful for distinguishing locked-in individuals from those with more severe brain damage as well as distinguishing the severely brain-damaged individuals who are minimally conscious from those who are in a vegetative state?

After a response has been extinguished, it will often reappear after a short time has passed. This is called

When your professor gives you back a graded test, seeing your errors and corrected answers provides you with __________.

To be effective, punishment must be given

Persons learn new responses, carry out or avoid previously learned responses, and learn the general rules that can be applied in various situations by observing a(n)

Regarding superstitious behavior, which of the following statements is TRUE?

The perspective that explains learning as a mental expectancy of an upcoming association between two events is known as the __________ view.

Regarding a comparison of classical and operant conditioning, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Operant conditioning involves voluntary responses being emitted by the animal or person and is also known as __________ learning.

Which of the following often spread conditioned emotional responses (CERs) to other stimuli, which results in a limited fear becoming a disabling phobia?

Arnold wants to increase the amount of time he exercises. When he reaches his goal for the first day, he relaxes after doing his exercise for that day and watches an episode of one of his favorite sitcoms while cooling down and drinking water. He does this after every day of exercise. At the end of the week of successful days of exercise, Arnold treats himself to a movie. During this behavioral self-management program, Arnold has set up daily and weekly

If you want to teach your new puppy to come to you when you call him, it would be best to start out reinforcing your dog on which schedule of reinforcement?