Exam 13: Early Life Forms and the Viruses

Genes that are exchanged between prokaryotes are contained in ____ molecules.

Following infection of a white blood cells by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), viral reverse transcriptase produces a ____ copy of its RNA genome.

Experiments like those performed by Stanley Miller in the 1850s demonstrated that lightening fueled atmospheric reactions could produce ____.

Agar is produced by ____.

The ____ produce bioluminescent molecules.

It is thought that viruses may have originated from cells because ____.

Viral infections in plants often occur by the action of _____.

  In panel "A", what is being injected into the host cell?

The ____ is/are a plant's main line of defense against viral infection.

Until the early 1800s, scientists believed that molecules of life could only be made _____.

You boil water that has been extracted from a swamp and find archaea that are still alive. These archaea are most likely ____.

​Bacteria ____.