Exam 5: Trait Theories

Reasonably stable patterns of behavior, including thoughts or emotions, that distinguish one individual from another are referred to as _____________________.

Cheater theory suggests that a subpopulation of men has evolved with genes that incline them toward extremely low parental involvement.

According to William Sheldon, who believed that criminals manifest distinct physiques, which somatotype was most likely to become criminal?

_________focuses on mental processes: how people perceive and mentally represent the world around them, and how they solve problems.

Discuss Lombroso's explanation for criminal behavior and what he contributed to modern criminology.

Humanistic psychology deals with getting in touch with one's feelings.

Many children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) also suffer from _________ and continually engage in aggressive, antisocial behavior in early childhood.

The antisocial personality concept seems to mesh with what is known about chronic offending. Which percent of offenders exhibit psychopathic behavior patterns?

Children with ADHD are more likely to use drugs, alcohol, and cigarettes in adolescence, to be arrested, to be charged with a felony, and to have multiple arrests.

Estrogen, the most abundant androgen, has been found in higher levels among prisoners who committed violent crimes than in other prisoners.

Biosocial theory contends that all humans are born with equal potential to learn and achieve.

Farrington's Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development showed evidence that few delinquent youths had criminal fathers.

Moral development theory holds that people who obey the law to avoid punishment instead of viewing it as beneficial to society are more likely to commit crime.

The onset of the menstrual cycle triggers excessive amounts of female sex hormones, which affect antisocial, aggressive behavior. This condition is commonly referred to as:

Some trait theorists believe that biochemical conditions, including those that are genetically predetermined and those acquired through diet and environment, control and influence antisocial behavior.

Some researchers believe neurological and physical abnormalities are acquired as early as the fetal or prenatal stage, and that they control behavior throughout the life span. The study of brain activity is termed _________.

Children suffering from measurable neurological deficits at birth are believed to also suffer from antisocial traits throughout their life, from habitual lying to violence.

Advocates of the _____ school traced several generations of crime-prone families, finding evidence that criminal tendencies were based on genetics.

The psychodynamic model of the criminal offender depicts an aggressive, frustrated person dominated by events that occurred during:

There is significant evidence of a lead-aggression linkage: areas with the highest concentrations of lead also report the highest levels of _____.