Exam 12: The Eighth Amendment: Bail, Fines, and Punishment

Several methods of carrying out the death penalty have been used over time; however, the method of _________________ has been challenged in federal court

Describe the rights protected by the Eighth Amendment and which, if any, have been incorporated to apply to the states.

In 2000, Congress approved this Act, curbing federal law enforcement agencies' asset forfeiture authority and adding due process protections.

Proponents of preventive detention argue that the accused is being punished without trial and that protecting the community is the job of the police, not the purpose of bail.

In Estelle v. Gamble (1976), the Court held that deliberate indifference to prisoners' serious medical needs constitutes unnecessary, wanton infliction of pain.

The Supreme Court held that any amount of bail exceeding that necessary to ensure a return to trial violated the Eighth Amendment in:

Explain the significance of Whitley v. Albers (1976) in relation to the Eighth Amendment.

In 2002, in Atkins v. Virginia, the Supreme Court amended its position on capital punishment of the intellectually disabled, holding that it is cruel and unusual punishment (in violation of the Eighth Amendment).

In Trop v. Dulles, the Supreme Court held that the standard for determining whether a punishment is cruel and unusual is:

In _________________________, the Court determined that jurors whose opposition to the death penalty is so strong that it would prevent or substantially impair the performance of their duties can be removed.

The Supreme Court proportionality analysis of sentences includes all of the following, except:

The Bail Reform Act of 1984 established the practice of:

In alternative forms of punishment, sex offenders have been treated with ______________, a drug that reduces the sex drive.

Though in the past some states have approved of executing offenders as young as 15, the Supreme Court has held that no one under the age of_______________  when they committed a capital offense shall be sentenced to death.

In multiple cases, the Supreme Court has held that California's three-strike laws do not violate the Eighth Amendment.

The FBI administers the Department of Justice's Asset Forfeiture Program by managing and disposing of the properties seized and forfeited by federal law enforcement agencies and U.S. attorneys nationwide.

The Supreme Court held, in _____________, that forfeiture is not double jeopardy, because it is considered a civil sanction rather than an additional criminal action.

Discuss capital punishment in the United States-its history, the way that the Supreme Court has viewed it, on whom it may be carried out, and the way that it may be performed.

After the thirteenth prisoner was exonerated in the state of ________________, Governor George Ryan, in January 2000, instituted a moratorium on the death penalty.

As a general rule, the Supreme Court has upheld the death penalty for murder, but not for other crimes.