Question 1

Which of the following statements is NOT true about scales of measurement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Measurement scales depend on the purpose for which you collected data. 
B)  Moving from ordinal to ratio scales represents an increase in the meaning assigned to numbers 
C)  Certain statistical procedures can only be performed with ratio data. 
D)  Measurement scales were, at least historically, tied to psychology's quest to be treated as a true science. 
A)  Measurement scales depend on the purpose for which you collected data. 
B)  Moving from ordinal to ratio scales represents an increase in the meaning assigned to numbers 
C)  Certain statistical procedures can only be performed with ratio data. 
D)  Measurement scales were, at least historically, tied to psychology's quest to be treated as a true science.

Question 2

Scales of measurement are important because

Accepted Answer

A)  they influence the kinds of statistical tests we will use in at least a crude way. 
B)  they reflect the kinds of statements we may make about relationships between points on the scale. 
C)  they limit the kinds of conclusions we can draw from a study. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  they influence the kinds of statistical tests we will use in at least a crude way. 
B)  they reflect the kinds of statements we may make about relationships between points on the scale. 
C)  they limit the kinds of conclusions we can draw from a study. 
D)  all of the above

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT true of random number tables?

Accepted Answer

A)  They can be used to draw random samples. 
B)  They can be used to assign participants to conditions. 
C)  They are only useful for drawing random numbers between 0 and 9. 
D)  It is appropriate to start at any place in the table when using it. 
A)  They can be used to draw random samples. 
B)  They can be used to assign participants to conditions. 
C)  They are only useful for drawing random numbers between 0 and 9. 
D)  It is appropriate to start at any place in the table when using it.

Question 4

When _______ is used, every subject in a study has an equal chance of being placed in each of the groups being formed?

Accepted Answer

A)  random assignment 
B)  equivalent groups 
C)  matching 
D)  selective assignment 
A)  random assignment 
B)  equivalent groups 
C)  matching 
D)  selective assignment

Question 5

If we are comparing the adrenaline scores of children who live near an airport with those who live away from an airport, the dependent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  location. 
B)  adrenaline. 
C)  stress. 
D)  distance from the airport. 
A)  location. 
B)  adrenaline. 
C)  stress. 
D)  distance from the airport.

Question 6

For the following equation, which mathematical operation should be performed first?

Accepted Answer

A)  3 - 1 
B)  6 + 2 
C)  4 + 1 
D)  2 × 4 
A)  3 - 1 
B)  6 + 2 
C)  4 + 1 
D)  2 × 4

Question 7

Name three examples of continuous variables.

Accepted Answer

Possible answers inc

Question 8

In the preceding question the independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  stress. 
B)  adrenaline. 
C)  location. 
D)  the number of children treated for sleep disturbance. 
A)  stress. 
B)  adrenaline. 
C)  location. 
D)  the number of children treated for sleep disturbance.

Question 9

Suppose the following numbers represent test scores from students in this class: 80, 95, 75, 100. 
a. What is X2? 
b. What notation would be used to represent the sum of these test scores?

Accepted Answer

Question 10

A true zero point is characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)  all scales of measurement. 
B)  an interval scale. 
C)  a ratio scale. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  all scales of measurement. 
B)  an interval scale. 
C)  a ratio scale. 
D)  none of the above

Question 11

An important general rule given in the text is

Accepted Answer

A)  always square values before you do anything else. 
B)  work algebraic equations from right to left. 
C)  perform operations that are within parentheses before you perform operations outside of parentheses. 
D)  operations can be performed in any order. 
A)  always square values before you do anything else. 
B)  work algebraic equations from right to left. 
C)  perform operations that are within parentheses before you perform operations outside of parentheses. 
D)  operations can be performed in any order.

Question 12

Which of the following is most certainly an ordinal scale?

Accepted Answer

A)  football numbers 
B)  mailbox numbers 
C)  IQ scores 
D)  Celsius temperature scale 
A)  football numbers 
B)  mailbox numbers 
C)  IQ scores 
D)  Celsius temperature scale

Question 13

What does NOT count as "measurement?"

Accepted Answer

A)  The assignment of numbers to behaviors 
B)  Matching verbal expressions to ratings of hostility 
C)  Assessment of behavior with only a weakly valid instrument 
D)  These are all examples of measurement. 
A)  The assignment of numbers to behaviors 
B)  Matching verbal expressions to ratings of hostility 
C)  Assessment of behavior with only a weakly valid instrument 
D)  These are all examples of measurement.

Question 14

In the above study, what is the independent variable?

Accepted Answer

A)  weight 
B)  feedback 
C)  students 
D)  happiness 
A)  weight 
B)  feedback 
C)  students 
D)  happiness

Question 15

Given the following numbers: 1, 3, 4, 2, 3: 
a. Calculate S X. 
b. Calculate S X2 
c. Calculate S CX, where C = 2

Accepted Answer

Question 16

In an experiment, an independent variable is _______ and a dependent variable is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  manipulated, measured 
B)  measured, manipulated 
C)  continuous, manipulated 
D)  discrete, summation 
A)  manipulated, measured 
B)  measured, manipulated 
C)  continuous, manipulated 
D)  discrete, summation

Question 17

Ordinal scales

Accepted Answer

A)  are not really scales at all because they only provide numbers as arbitrary levels. 
B)  give information about differences between points on the scale. 
C)  provide information by ordering people, objects, or events along some continuum. 
D)  have a true zero point. 
A)  are not really scales at all because they only provide numbers as arbitrary levels. 
B)  give information about differences between points on the scale. 
C)  provide information by ordering people, objects, or events along some continuum. 
D)  have a true zero point.

Question 18

Ranking students from the most popular to the least popular is an example of ratio data.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following types of variables cannot be continuous?

Accepted Answer

A)  nominal variables 
B)  independent variables 
C)  dependent variables 
D)  quantitative variables 
A)  nominal variables 
B)  independent variables 
C)  dependent variables 
D)  quantitative variables

Question 20

A "variable" refers to data that is constant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 2: Basic Concepts

Which of the following statements is NOT true about scales of measurement?

Scales of measurement are important because

Which of the following is NOT true of random number tables?

When _______ is used, every subject in a study has an equal chance of being placed in each of the groups being formed?

If we are comparing the adrenaline scores of children who live near an airport with those who live away from an airport, the dependent variable is

For the following equation, which mathematical operation should be performed first?

Name three examples of continuous variables.

In the preceding question the independent variable is

Suppose the following numbers represent test scores from students in this class: 80, 95, 75, 100. a. What is X2? b. What notation would be used to represent the sum of these test scores?

A true zero point is characteristic of

An important general rule given in the text is

Which of the following is most certainly an ordinal scale?

What does NOT count as "measurement?"

In the above study, what is the independent variable?

Given the following numbers: 1, 3, 4, 2, 3: a. Calculate S X. b. Calculate S X2 c. Calculate S CX, where C = 2

In an experiment, an independent variable is _______ and a dependent variable is _______.

Ordinal scales

Ranking students from the most popular to the least popular is an example of ratio data.

Which of the following types of variables cannot be continuous?

A "variable" refers to data that is constant.

Introduction

Displaying Data

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

The Normal Distribution

Basic Concepts of Probability

Sampling Distributions and Hypothesis Testing

Correlation

Regression

Multiple Regression

Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means: One Sample

Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means: Two Related Samples

Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means: Two Independent Samples

Power

One-Way Analysis of Variance

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square

Nonparametric and Resampling Statistical Tests

Meta-Analysis

Filters

Suppose the following numbers represent test scores from students in this class: 80, 95, 75, 100. a. What is X₂? b. What notation would be used to represent the sum of these test scores?

Given the following numbers: 1, 3, 4, 2, 3: a. Calculate S X. b. Calculate S X² c. Calculate S CX, where C = 2

In an experiment, an independent variable is _ and a dependent variable is _.