Question 1

A Type I error has occurred if we

Accepted Answer

A)  reject a null hypothesis that is really false. 
B)  retain a null hypothesis that is really false. 
C)  retain a null hypothesis that is really true. 
D)  reject a null hypothesis that is really true. 
A)  reject a null hypothesis that is really false. 
B)  retain a null hypothesis that is really false. 
C)  retain a null hypothesis that is really true. 
D)  reject a null hypothesis that is really true.

Question 2

Whether or not we reject the null hypothesis depends on

Accepted Answer

A)  the probability of the result given the null hypothesis is true. 
B)  how far the data depart from what we would expect if the null hypothesis were true. 
C)  the size of some test statistic. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  the probability of the result given the null hypothesis is true. 
B)  how far the data depart from what we would expect if the null hypothesis were true. 
C)  the size of some test statistic. 
D)  all of the above

Question 3

One of the problems we face when we try to draw conclusions from data is that we have to deal with

Accepted Answer

A)  means. 
B)  error variance. 
C)  population size. 
D)  hypotheses. 
A)  means. 
B)  error variance. 
C)  population size. 
D)  hypotheses.

Question 4

If I calculate the probability of obtaining a particular outcome when the null hypothesis is true, I must deal with

Accepted Answer

A)  the outcome. 
B)  a sampling distribution. 
C)  conditional probability. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  the outcome. 
B)  a sampling distribution. 
C)  conditional probability. 
D)  all of the above

Question 5

Another name for a one-tailed test is a

Accepted Answer

A)  directional test. 
B)  non-directional test. 
C)  uniform test. 
D)  specific test. 
A)  directional test. 
B)  non-directional test. 
C)  uniform test. 
D)  specific test.

Question 6

The _______ assumes all means are equal for a given measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  alternative hypothesis 
B)  random hypothesis 
C)  predicted hypothesis 
D)  null hypothesis 
A)  alternative hypothesis 
B)  random hypothesis 
C)  predicted hypothesis 
D)  null hypothesis

Question 7

When the direction of difference between the sample mean and the population mean is not specified, a two-tailed test is appropriate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

We would like to

Accepted Answer

A)  maximize the power of a test. 
B)  minimize the probability of a Type I error. 
C)  do both a and b 
D)  maximize the probability of a Type II error. 
A)  maximize the power of a test. 
B)  minimize the probability of a Type I error. 
C)  do both a and b 
D)  maximize the probability of a Type II error.

Question 9

The null hypothesis is the statement that

Accepted Answer

A)  population means are equal. 
B)  population means differ between groups. 
C)  it is the hypothesis you generally hope to prove. 
D)  exciting things are going on. 
A)  population means are equal. 
B)  population means differ between groups. 
C)  it is the hypothesis you generally hope to prove. 
D)  exciting things are going on.

Question 10

A researcher has calculated power as .40. 
a. What does this mean? 
b. What is the probability that this researcher will make a Type II error if the null hypothesis is false? Explain.

Accepted Answer

a. There is a 40% chance that the resear

Question 11

By convention, we often reject the null hypothesis if the probability of our result, given that the null hypothesis were true, is

Accepted Answer

A)  greater than .95. 
B)  less than .05. 
C)  greater than .05. 
D)  either b or c 
A)  greater than .95. 
B)  less than .05. 
C)  greater than .05. 
D)  either b or c

Question 12

In the finger tapping example in the text, we would reject the null hypothesis when

Accepted Answer

A)  the patient tapped too quickly. 
B)  the patient tapped too slowly. 
C)  the patient tapped either very quickly or very slowly. 
D)  We would be unlikely to ever reject the null hypothesis. 
A)  the patient tapped too quickly. 
B)  the patient tapped too slowly. 
C)  the patient tapped either very quickly or very slowly. 
D)  We would be unlikely to ever reject the null hypothesis.

Question 13

In testing hypotheses we have to take into account

Accepted Answer

A)  sample means. 
B)  random variability. 
C)  differences from one set of data to another. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  sample means. 
B)  random variability. 
C)  differences from one set of data to another. 
D)  all of the above

Question 14

A null hypothesis is rejected when

Accepted Answer

A)  the differences are due to sampling error. 
B)  the probability of finding a difference that large if the population means are equal is very low. 
C)  the probability of finding a difference that large if the population means are equal is very high. 
D)  the distribution is not normal. 
A)  the differences are due to sampling error. 
B)  the probability of finding a difference that large if the population means are equal is very low. 
C)  the probability of finding a difference that large if the population means are equal is very high. 
D)  the distribution is not normal.

Question 15

A researcher was interested in seeing if males or females in large lecture classes fell asleep more during in-class videos. The null hypothesis of this study is

Accepted Answer

A)  males will fall asleep more than females. 
B)  females will fall asleep more than males. 
C)  males and females fall asleep at the same rate. 
D)  More information is needed. 
A)  males will fall asleep more than females. 
B)  females will fall asleep more than males. 
C)  males and females fall asleep at the same rate. 
D)  More information is needed.

Question 16

The sampling distribution of the mean that you saw in the text

Accepted Answer

A)  resembled a normal distribution. 
B)  was very skewed. 
C)  had a mean that was unusually large relative to the population mean. 
D)  had little to do with the population mean. 
A)  resembled a normal distribution. 
B)  was very skewed. 
C)  had a mean that was unusually large relative to the population mean. 
D)  had little to do with the population mean.

Question 17

To look at the sampling distribution of the mean we would

Accepted Answer

A)  calculate a mean and compare it to the standard deviation. 
B)  calculate a mean and compare it to the standard error. 
C)  calculate many means and plot them. 
D)  look the sampling distribution up in a book. 
A)  calculate a mean and compare it to the standard deviation. 
B)  calculate a mean and compare it to the standard error. 
C)  calculate many means and plot them. 
D)  look the sampling distribution up in a book.

Question 18

The area that encompasses the extreme 5% of a distribution is frequently referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  the retention region. 
B)  the rejection region 
C)  the decision region. 
D)  none of the above 
A)  the retention region. 
B)  the rejection region 
C)  the decision region. 
D)  none of the above

Question 19

The average test score of individuals in the study skills group is 80 and the standard deviation is 7.5. Jessica got a 65. Do you think Jessica was in the study skills group? Explain.

Accepted Answer

No. Jessica scored 2 standard deviations

Question 20

Alpha is the probability of making a Type I error.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: Sampling Distributions and Hypothesis Testing

A Type I error has occurred if we

Whether or not we reject the null hypothesis depends on

One of the problems we face when we try to draw conclusions from data is that we have to deal with

If I calculate the probability of obtaining a particular outcome when the null hypothesis is true, I must deal with

Another name for a one-tailed test is a

The _______ assumes all means are equal for a given measure?

When the direction of difference between the sample mean and the population mean is not specified, a two-tailed test is appropriate.

We would like to

The null hypothesis is the statement that

A researcher has calculated power as .40. a. What does this mean? b. What is the probability that this researcher will make a Type II error if the null hypothesis is false? Explain.

By convention, we often reject the null hypothesis if the probability of our result, given that the null hypothesis were true, is

In the finger tapping example in the text, we would reject the null hypothesis when

In testing hypotheses we have to take into account

A null hypothesis is rejected when

A researcher was interested in seeing if males or females in large lecture classes fell asleep more during in-class videos. The null hypothesis of this study is

The sampling distribution of the mean that you saw in the text

To look at the sampling distribution of the mean we would

The area that encompasses the extreme 5% of a distribution is frequently referred to as

The average test score of individuals in the study skills group is 80 and the standard deviation is 7.5. Jessica got a 65. Do you think Jessica was in the study skills group? Explain.

Alpha is the probability of making a Type I error.

Introduction

Basic Concepts

Displaying Data

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variability

The Normal Distribution

Basic Concepts of Probability

Correlation

Regression

Multiple Regression

Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means: One Sample

Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means: Two Related Samples

Hypothesis Tests Applied to Means: Two Independent Samples

Power

One-Way Analysis of Variance

Factorial Analysis of Variance

Repeated-Measures Analysis of Variance

Chi-Square

Nonparametric and Resampling Statistical Tests

Meta-Analysis

Filters