Question 1

All tests of hypothesis are based on the assumption that________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the null hypothesis is false and should be rejected 
B)  the observed difference is important. 
C)  the null hypothesis is true. 
D)  Type I errors are more serious than Type II errors. 
A)  the null hypothesis is false and should be rejected 
B)  the observed difference is important. 
C)  the null hypothesis is true. 
D)  Type I errors are more serious than Type II errors.

Question 2

Under what condition might we use proportions rather than means as the test statistic?

Accepted Answer

A)  When sample size is very small 
B)  When sample size is very large 
C)  When the variable of interest is only interval-ratio in level of measurement 
D)  When the variable of interest is only nominal in level of measurement 
A)  When sample size is very small 
B)  When sample size is very large 
C)  When the variable of interest is only interval-ratio in level of measurement 
D)  When the variable of interest is only nominal in level of measurement

Question 3

All other things being equal, with which of the following alpha levels would we be most likely to reject the null hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  .01 
B)  .001 
C)  .05 
D)  .10 
A)  .01 
B)  .001 
C)  .05 
D)  .10

Question 4

Research involving potentially harmful drugs would be likely to use an alpha level of________.

Accepted Answer

A)  0.10 
B)  0.075 
C)  0.05 
D)  0.001 
A)  0.10 
B)  0.075 
C)  0.05 
D)  0.001

Question 5

From a random sample size of 200 drawn from a local community, 120 respondents identify themselves as Democrats. For the community as a whole, 75% of the residents classify themselves as Democrats. In this research situation________.

Accepted Answer

A)  P s is .60 and P u is .50. 
B)  P u is .75 and P s is .60. 
C)  P u is .75 and P s is 120. 
D)  the t test is called for. 
A)  P s is .60 and P u is .50. 
B)  P u is .75 and P s is .60. 
C)  P u is .75 and P s is 120. 
D)  the t test is called for.

Question 6

With alpha set at .05, the Critical Region for a two-tailed test would begin at±1.96. In a one-tailed test at the same alpha level the Critical Region would begin at________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ± 1.96. 
B)  ± 2.58. 
C)  ± 2.30. 
D)  ± 1.65. 
A)  ± 1.96. 
B)  ± 2.58. 
C)  ± 2.30. 
D)  ± 1.65.

Question 7

A researcher is interested in the effect that neighborhood crime-watch efforts have on the crime rate in the inner city, but he is unwilling to predict the direction of the difference. The appropriate test of hypothesis would be________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one-tailed 
B)  two-tailed. 
C)  descriptive. 
D)  symmetrical. 
A)  one-tailed 
B)  two-tailed. 
C)  descriptive. 
D)  symmetrical.

Question 8

To calculate degrees of freedom, a researcher uses which formula?

Accepted Answer

A)    
B)    
C)    
D)    
A)    
B)    
C)    
D)

Question 9

If we reject a null hypothesis of "no difference" at the 0.05 level________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the odds are 20 to 1 in our favor that we have made a correct decision 
B)  the null hypothesis is true. 
C)  the odds are 5 to 1 in our favor that we have made a correct decision. 
D)  the research hypothesis is true. 
A)  the odds are 20 to 1 in our favor that we have made a correct decision 
B)  the null hypothesis is true. 
C)  the odds are 5 to 1 in our favor that we have made a correct decision. 
D)  the research hypothesis is true.

Question 10

A professor wants to determine if the grades in her introductory criminal justice class were higher than the rest of the school. With a total of 101 students in her class, they had a mean exam grade of 87, and a standard deviation of 3. She was not able to obtain the standard deviation for the other introductory classes, but the mean grade of all classes was 74. Which of the following would be the test statistic used, and what is the correct answer?

Accepted Answer

A)  t = 0.39 
B)  t = 0.43 
C)  Z = 0.39 
D)  Z = 0.43 
A)  t = 0.39 
B)  t = 0.43 
C)  Z = 0.39 
D)  Z = 0.43

Question 11

As the Critical Region decreases in size________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the probability of Type I error increases. 
B)  the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis increases. 
C)  alpha increases. 
D)  the probability of Type II error increases. 
A)  the probability of Type I error increases. 
B)  the probability of rejecting the null hypothesis increases. 
C)  alpha increases. 
D)  the probability of Type II error increases.

Question 12

Which of the following combinations would result in a Type II error? The null hypothesis is actually _______ and our decision in Step 5 is to ________ the null hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  false, fail to reject 
B)  false, reject 
C)  true, fail to reject 
D)  true, reject 
A)  false, fail to reject 
B)  false, reject 
C)  true, fail to reject 
D)  true, reject

Question 13

In hypothesis testing, the _____________ is the critical assumption, the assumption which is actually tested.

Accepted Answer

A)  research hypothesis 
B)  null hypothesis 
C)  assumption of a normal sampling distribution 
D)  assumption that the sample was randomly selected 
A)  research hypothesis 
B)  null hypothesis 
C)  assumption of a normal sampling distribution 
D)  assumption that the sample was randomly selected

Question 14

In terms of hypothesis testing, "significance" refers to the________.

Accepted Answer

A)  difference between an independent and dependent variable. 
B)  difference between the sample and population values. 
C)  difference between the two independent variables. 
D)  difference between our observed and our predicted outcomes. 
A)  difference between an independent and dependent variable. 
B)  difference between the sample and population values. 
C)  difference between the two independent variables. 
D)  difference between our observed and our predicted outcomes.

Question 15

Why would researchers use the t distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  The population standard error is usually unknown. 
B)  It is best for larger samples. 
C)  It always has more accurate results. 
D)  The Z distribution is always preferable. 
A)  The population standard error is usually unknown. 
B)  It is best for larger samples. 
C)  It always has more accurate results. 
D)  The Z distribution is always preferable.

Question 16

Do sex education classes and free clinics that offer counseling for teenagers reduce the number of pregnancies among teenagers? The appropriate test of this hypothesis would be________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a one-tailed test. 
B)  a two-tailed test. 
C)  cross-sectional. 
D)  participant observation. 
A)  a one-tailed test. 
B)  a two-tailed test. 
C)  cross-sectional. 
D)  participant observation.

Question 17

Which of the following are we unlikely to know when conducting a test of hypothesis in the one sample case?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sample standard deviation 
B)  The mean of the sample 
C)  The standard deviation of the population 
D)  The alpha level 
A)  The sample standard deviation 
B)  The mean of the sample 
C)  The standard deviation of the population 
D)  The alpha level

All tests of hypothesis are based on the assumption that________.

Under what condition might we use proportions rather than means as the test statistic?

All other things being equal, with which of the following alpha levels would we be most likely to reject the null hypothesis?

Research involving potentially harmful drugs would be likely to use an alpha level of________.

From a random sample size of 200 drawn from a local community, 120 respondents identify themselves as Democrats. For the community as a whole, 75% of the residents classify themselves as Democrats. In this research situation________.

With alpha set at .05, the Critical Region for a two-tailed test would begin at±1.96. In a one-tailed test at the same alpha level the Critical Region would begin at________.

A researcher is interested in the effect that neighborhood crime-watch efforts have on the crime rate in the inner city, but he is unwilling to predict the direction of the difference. The appropriate test of hypothesis would be________.

To calculate degrees of freedom, a researcher uses which formula?

If we reject a null hypothesis of "no difference" at the 0.05 level________.

As the Critical Region decreases in size________.

Which of the following combinations would result in a Type II error? The null hypothesis is actually _ and our decision in Step 5 is to __ the null hypothesis.

In hypothesis testing, the _____________ is the critical assumption, the assumption which is actually tested.

In terms of hypothesis testing, "significance" refers to the________.

Why would researchers use the t distribution?

Do sex education classes and free clinics that offer counseling for teenagers reduce the number of pregnancies among teenagers? The appropriate test of this hypothesis would be________.

Which of the following are we unlikely to know when conducting a test of hypothesis in the one sample case?

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics Tables Percentages Rates and Ratios and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variation

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures

Hypothesis Testing Ii the Two Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing Iii the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv Chi Square

Bivariate Association for Nominal and Ordinal Level Variables

Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval Ratio Level

Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Exam 8: Hypothesis Testing I the One Sample Case

All tests of hypothesis are based on the assumption that________.

Under what condition might we use proportions rather than means as the test statistic?

All other things being equal, with which of the following alpha levels would we be most likely to reject the null hypothesis?

Research involving potentially harmful drugs would be likely to use an alpha level of________.

From a random sample size of 200 drawn from a local community, 120 respondents identify themselves as Democrats. For the community as a whole, 75% of the residents classify themselves as Democrats. In this research situation________.

With alpha set at .05, the Critical Region for a two-tailed test would begin at±1.96. In a one-tailed test at the same alpha level the Critical Region would begin at________.

A researcher is interested in the effect that neighborhood crime-watch efforts have on the crime rate in the inner city, but he is unwilling to predict the direction of the difference. The appropriate test of hypothesis would be________.

To calculate degrees of freedom, a researcher uses which formula?

If we reject a null hypothesis of "no difference" at the 0.05 level________.

As the Critical Region decreases in size________.

Which of the following combinations would result in a Type II error? The null hypothesis is actually _______ and our decision in Step 5 is to ________ the null hypothesis.

In hypothesis testing, the _____________ is the critical assumption, the assumption which is actually tested.

In terms of hypothesis testing, "significance" refers to the________.

Why would researchers use the t distribution?

Do sex education classes and free clinics that offer counseling for teenagers reduce the number of pregnancies among teenagers? The appropriate test of this hypothesis would be________.

Which of the following are we unlikely to know when conducting a test of hypothesis in the one sample case?

Introduction

Basic Descriptive Statistics Tables Percentages Rates and Ratios and Graphs

Measures of Central Tendency

Measures of Variation

The Normal Curve

Introduction to Inferential Statistics Sampling and the Sampling Distribution

Estimation Procedures

Hypothesis Testing Ii the Two Sample Case

Hypothesis Testing Iii the Analysis of Variance

Hypothesis Testing Iv Chi Square

Bivariate Association for Nominal and Ordinal Level Variables

Association Between Variables Measured at the Interval Ratio Level

Elaborating Bivariate Tables

Partial Correlation and Multiple Regression and Correlation

Filters

Which of the following combinations would result in a Type II error? The null hypothesis is actually _ and our decision in Step 5 is to __ the null hypothesis.