Question 1

The trait approach focuses exclusively on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the measurement of absolute levels of traits 
B)  aspects of personality that are the same in all people 
C)  physical dimensions 
D)  individual differences 
A)  the measurement of absolute levels of traits 
B)  aspects of personality that are the same in all people 
C)  physical dimensions 
D)  individual differences

Question 2

A recent review of the entire literature on social psychology concluded that the situational effect was about ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  .10 
B)  .20 
C)  .40 
D)  .50 
A)  .10 
B)  .20 
C)  .40 
D)  .50

Question 3

Match the correct term with each definition.
-r = .30 to .40

Accepted Answer

A) Relative consistency 
B) Situationism 
C) The "personality coefficient" 
D) Aggregation 
E) Interactionism
F)BESD 
A) Relative consistency 
B) Situationism 
C) The "personality coefficient" 
D) Aggregation 
E) Interactionism
F)BESD

Question 4

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument..
-You may travel the world,but your personality is the baggage you will always have with you.

Accepted Answer

A) Situationist critique 
B) Walter Mischel 
C) Pro-personality response 
D) David Funder 
E) Henry Murray 
A) Situationist critique 
B) Walter Mischel 
C) Pro-personality response 
D) David Funder 
E) Henry Murray

Question 5

According to the text,the purpose of personality traits is to predict ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  specific behavioral manifestations 
B)  behavior in the long term 
C)  I data but not B data 
D)  S data but not I data 
A)  specific behavioral manifestations 
B)  behavior in the long term 
C)  I data but not B data 
D)  S data but not I data

Question 6

Which conclusion follows from Funder's analysis of the person-situation debate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Personality doesn't usually predict behavior. 
B)  Person perceptions are largely incorrect. 
C)  One behavioral response does not fit all people in every situation.. 
D)  People don't really act differently from each other. 
A)  Personality doesn't usually predict behavior. 
B)  Person perceptions are largely incorrect. 
C)  One behavioral response does not fit all people in every situation.. 
D)  People don't really act differently from each other.

Question 7

Which of the following was NOT a study that Funder and Ozer reviewed in their work calculating the size of the situation coefficient?

Accepted Answer

A)  the forced compliance task that illustrated cognitive dissonance 
B)  the bystander intervention effect that illustrated situational factors on helping behavior 
C)  the reduction in intrinsic motivation that occurs when children are given rewards 
D)  the position of the learner in Milgram's experiments on obedience 
A)  the forced compliance task that illustrated cognitive dissonance 
B)  the bystander intervention effect that illustrated situational factors on helping behavior 
C)  the reduction in intrinsic motivation that occurs when children are given rewards 
D)  the position of the learner in Milgram's experiments on obedience

Question 8

Mischel originally argued that personality coefficients seldom exceed ________,whereas subsequent situationists raised that estimate to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  .30; .40 
B)  .20; .50 
C)  .10; .30 
D)  .10; .40 
A)  .30; .40 
B)  .20; .50 
C)  .10; .30 
D)  .10; .40

Question 9

Sally found that neither caffeine nor extraversion individually predicted problem solving; however,she found that they both worked together to predict problem solving.This is an example of what kind of an effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  a true interaction 
B)  a suppressor 
C)  an evocation 
D)  a true mediation 
A)  a true interaction 
B)  a suppressor 
C)  an evocation 
D)  a true mediation

Question 10

Someone who is ________ is likely to express his or her personality consistently from one situation to the next.

Accepted Answer

A)  low in self-monitoring 
B)  high in self-monitoring 
C)  low in self-efficacy 
D)  high in self-efficacy 
A)  low in self-monitoring 
B)  high in self-monitoring 
C)  low in self-efficacy 
D)  high in self-efficacy

Question 11

Political liberalism is associated with what trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  openness to experience 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  extraversion 
D)  conscientiousness 
A)  openness to experience 
B)  neuroticism 
C)  extraversion 
D)  conscientiousness

Question 12

Which definition best describes the meaning of a cross-situational consistency coefficient of r = .70?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behaviors in one situation strongly predict behaviors in another situation. 
B)  Behaviors in one situation weakly predict behaviors in another situation. 
C)  Behaviors in one situation are the opposite of behaviors in a different situation. 
D)  Behavior is the mediator between personality and the situation. 
A)  Behaviors in one situation strongly predict behaviors in another situation. 
B)  Behaviors in one situation weakly predict behaviors in another situation. 
C)  Behaviors in one situation are the opposite of behaviors in a different situation. 
D)  Behavior is the mediator between personality and the situation.

Question 13

Which of the following conclusions does Funder draw about the role of persons vs.situations in affecting behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Situations matter more than persons, because people tend to be inconsistent. 
B)  Situations have an important influence on behavior, but people also tend to be consistent. 
C)  Situations matter, but only under particular conditions, because people tend to be inconsistent. 
D)  Situations have a minimal influence on behavior, because people tend to be consistent. 
A)  Situations matter more than persons, because people tend to be inconsistent. 
B)  Situations have an important influence on behavior, but people also tend to be consistent. 
C)  Situations matter, but only under particular conditions, because people tend to be inconsistent. 
D)  Situations have a minimal influence on behavior, because people tend to be consistent.

Question 14

Describe the three major aspects of the situationist argument.Explain how trait psychologists responded to this argument.

Accepted Answer

The situationist argument posits that hu

Question 15

Historically,personality psychologists have concentrated on ________ to evaluate the effects of personality variables,whereas social psychologists have concentrated on ________ to evaluate the effects of situational variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  variance; standard deviations 
B)  standard deviations; variance 
C)  effect size; statistical significance 
D)  statistical significance; effect size 
A)  variance; standard deviations 
B)  standard deviations; variance 
C)  effect size; statistical significance 
D)  statistical significance; effect size

Question 16

In Leikas,Lönnqvist,and Verkasalo (2012),participants interacted with trained actors.What was one of the major conclusions from this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  Behaviors with more situation variance had less person variance. 
B)  Behaviors with less situation variance had less person variance. 
C)  Situations didn't vary that much. 
D)  People didn't vary that much. 
A)  Behaviors with more situation variance had less person variance. 
B)  Behaviors with less situation variance had less person variance. 
C)  Situations didn't vary that much. 
D)  People didn't vary that much.

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a reason that older people believe their personalities are more consistent than those of younger people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Their social roles are more stable. 
B)  They are more mature. 
C)  They have more wealth accumulated. 
D)  They have more responsibilities. 
A)  Their social roles are more stable. 
B)  They are more mature. 
C)  They have more wealth accumulated. 
D)  They have more responsibilities.

Question 18

Citizenship behavior at work is predicted by which trait?

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  self-monitoring 
C)  extraversion 
D)  conscientiousness 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  self-monitoring 
C)  extraversion 
D)  conscientiousness

Question 19

According to situationists,the upper limit of personality coefficients is estimated as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  .10 to .20 
B)  .30 to .40 
C)  .50 to .60 
D)  .70 to .80 
A)  .10 to .20 
B)  .30 to .40 
C)  .50 to .60 
D)  .70 to .80

Question 20

Match the correct term with each definition.
-The most friendly person at a party is probably also the most friendly in class.

Accepted Answer

A) Relative consistency 
B) Situationism 
C) The "personality coefficient" 
D) Aggregation 
E) Interactionism
F)BESD 
A) Relative consistency 
B) Situationism 
C) The "personality coefficient" 
D) Aggregation 
E) Interactionism
F)BESD

The trait approach focuses exclusively on ________.

A recent review of the entire literature on social psychology concluded that the situational effect was about ________.

Match the correct term with each definition. -r = .30 to .40

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -You may travel the world,but your personality is the baggage you will always have with you.

According to the text,the purpose of personality traits is to predict ________.

Which conclusion follows from Funder's analysis of the person-situation debate?

Which of the following was NOT a study that Funder and Ozer reviewed in their work calculating the size of the situation coefficient?

Mischel originally argued that personality coefficients seldom exceed ,whereas subsequent situationists raised that estimate to .

Sally found that neither caffeine nor extraversion individually predicted problem solving; however,she found that they both worked together to predict problem solving.This is an example of what kind of an effect?

Someone who is ________ is likely to express his or her personality consistently from one situation to the next.

Political liberalism is associated with what trait?

Which definition best describes the meaning of a cross-situational consistency coefficient of r = .70?

Which of the following conclusions does Funder draw about the role of persons vs.situations in affecting behavior?

Describe the three major aspects of the situationist argument.Explain how trait psychologists responded to this argument.

Historically,personality psychologists have concentrated on to evaluate the effects of personality variables,whereas social psychologists have concentrated on to evaluate the effects of situational variables.

In Leikas,Lönnqvist,and Verkasalo (2012),participants interacted with trained actors.What was one of the major conclusions from this study?

Which of the following is NOT a reason that older people believe their personalities are more consistent than those of younger people?

Citizenship behavior at work is predicted by which trait?

According to situationists,the upper limit of personality coefficients is estimated as ________.

Match the correct term with each definition. -The most friendly person at a party is probably also the most friendly in class.

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Exam 4: Personality Traits,Situations,and Behavior

The trait approach focuses exclusively on ________.

A recent review of the entire literature on social psychology concluded that the situational effect was about ________.

Match the correct term with each definition. -r = .30 to .40

Match the position or person who would most endorse each argument.. -You may travel the world,but your personality is the baggage you will always have with you.

According to the text,the purpose of personality traits is to predict ________.

Which conclusion follows from Funder's analysis of the person-situation debate?

Which of the following was NOT a study that Funder and Ozer reviewed in their work calculating the size of the situation coefficient?

Mischel originally argued that personality coefficients seldom exceed ________,whereas subsequent situationists raised that estimate to ________.

Sally found that neither caffeine nor extraversion individually predicted problem solving; however,she found that they both worked together to predict problem solving.This is an example of what kind of an effect?

Someone who is ________ is likely to express his or her personality consistently from one situation to the next.

Political liberalism is associated with what trait?

Which definition best describes the meaning of a cross-situational consistency coefficient of r = .70?

Which of the following conclusions does Funder draw about the role of persons vs.situations in affecting behavior?

Describe the three major aspects of the situationist argument.Explain how trait psychologists responded to this argument.

Historically,personality psychologists have concentrated on ________ to evaluate the effects of personality variables,whereas social psychologists have concentrated on ________ to evaluate the effects of situational variables.

In Leikas,Lönnqvist,and Verkasalo (2012),participants interacted with trained actors.What was one of the major conclusions from this study?

Which of the following is NOT a reason that older people believe their personalities are more consistent than those of younger people?

Citizenship behavior at work is predicted by which trait?

According to situationists,the upper limit of personality coefficients is estimated as ________.

Match the correct term with each definition. -The most friendly person at a party is probably also the most friendly in class.

The Study of the Person

Personality Research Methods

Assessment, Effect Size, and Ethics

Personality Judgment

Using Personality Traits to Understand Behavior

Personality Stability, Development, and Change

The Anatomy and Physiology of Personality

The Inheritance of Personality: Behavioral Genetics and Evolutionary Psychology

Basics of Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis After Freud: Neo-Freudians, Object Relations, and Current Research

Experience,Existence,and the Meaning of Life: Humanistic and Positive Psychology

Cultural Variation in Experience, Behavior, and Personality

Learning to Be a Person: Behaviorism and the Social Learning Theories

Personality Processes: Perception, Thought, Motivation, and Emotion

The Self: What You Know About You

Personality, Mental Health, and Physical Health

Epilogue: Looking Back and Looking Ahead

Filters

Mischel originally argued that personality coefficients seldom exceed ,whereas subsequent situationists raised that estimate to .

Historically,personality psychologists have concentrated on to evaluate the effects of personality variables,whereas social psychologists have concentrated on to evaluate the effects of situational variables.