Question 1

Density-dependent factors outweigh density-independent factors in most populations.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

Population equilibrium by density-dependent mechanisms

Accepted Answer

A)  is rare in nature. 
B)  is common in nature. 
C)  requires that K vary with N. 
D)  requires self-regulation. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  is rare in nature. 
B)  is common in nature. 
C)  requires that K vary with N. 
D)  requires self-regulation. 
E)  none of the above A

Question 3

Long-term population studies are important because they show that __________.

Accepted Answer

multiple factors can regulate populations at different times

Question 4

Density-independence leads to population equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The population dynamics of lemmings demonstrate that

Accepted Answer

A)  fitness is a property of the population. 
B)  population regulation by suicide is not an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). 
C)  self-regulation is impossible in nature. 
D)  lemmings are regulated by top-down mechanisms. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  fitness is a property of the population. 
B)  population regulation by suicide is not an evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS). 
C)  self-regulation is impossible in nature. 
D)  lemmings are regulated by top-down mechanisms. 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

The classic lynx-hare population data show that

Accepted Answer

A)  equilibrium eventually occurs. 
B)  bottom-up and top-down factors both occur. 
C)  regulation is density-independent. 
D)  density-dependence leads to population stability. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  equilibrium eventually occurs. 
B)  bottom-up and top-down factors both occur. 
C)  regulation is density-independent. 
D)  density-dependence leads to population stability. 
E)  none of the above

Question 7

Lynx exert bottom-up control of hares.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The values of e (emigration) and i (immigration) can be density-dependent.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The effect of wolves on elk in Yellowstone is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a bottom-up interaction. 
B)  a top-down interaction. 
C)  symbiosis. 
D)  trophism. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  a bottom-up interaction. 
B)  a top-down interaction. 
C)  symbiosis. 
D)  trophism. 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

In the checkerspot butterfly metapopulation, populations are associated with __________.

Accepted Answer

host plant

Question 11

Self-regulation of populations requires

Accepted Answer

A)  long-term stability. 
B)  density-dependent effects on physiology. 
C)  density-independent effects on physiology. 
D)  top-down factors. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  long-term stability. 
B)  density-dependent effects on physiology. 
C)  density-independent effects on physiology. 
D)  top-down factors. 
E)  none of the above

Question 12

Population stability

Accepted Answer

A)  is the same as equilibrium. 
B)  always precedes equilibrium. 
C)  requires density-independent factors. 
D)  occurs when the population remains within narrow limits. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  is the same as equilibrium. 
B)  always precedes equilibrium. 
C)  requires density-independent factors. 
D)  occurs when the population remains within narrow limits. 
E)  none of the above

Question 13

The value of the carrying capacity (K)

Accepted Answer

A)  varies over time. 
B)  determines the rate of immigration. 
C)  is a measure of population stability. 
D)  varies with the value of r. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  varies over time. 
B)  determines the rate of immigration. 
C)  is a measure of population stability. 
D)  varies with the value of r. 
E)  none of the above

Question 14

In a metapopulation

Accepted Answer

A)  the landscape is irrelevant. 
B)  immigration always equals emigration. 
C)  populations habitats of different quality. 
D)  populations are completely isolated. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the landscape is irrelevant. 
B)  immigration always equals emigration. 
C)  populations habitats of different quality. 
D)  populations are completely isolated. 
E)  none of the above

Question 15

Which of the following do(es) not affect the moose population on Isle Royale?

Accepted Answer

A)  weather 
B)  top-down effects 
C)  carrying capacity 
D)  parasites 
E)  none of the above 
A)  weather 
B)  top-down effects 
C)  carrying capacity 
D)  parasites 
E)  none of the above

Question 16

What do the lynx-hare data suggest about density-dependence and population stability?

Accepted Answer

Density-dependence and stabili

Question 17

In the equation dN/dt = rN(1-N/K),

Accepted Answer

A)  r is the net reproductive rate. 
B)  K is the carrying capacity. 
C)  dN/dt is simplified to N/t. 
D)  the term 1-N/K models top-down effects. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  r is the net reproductive rate. 
B)  K is the carrying capacity. 
C)  dN/dt is simplified to N/t. 
D)  the term 1-N/K models top-down effects. 
E)  none of the above

Question 18

Additive mortality

Accepted Answer

A)  proportionally increases the total mortality rate. 
B)  proportionally decreases the total mortality rate. 
C)  adds dispersal to mortality factors. 
D)  replaces compensatory mortality. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  proportionally increases the total mortality rate. 
B)  proportionally decreases the total mortality rate. 
C)  adds dispersal to mortality factors. 
D)  replaces compensatory mortality. 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Most populations are regulated by a single factor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Density-dependence can result from top-down or bottom-up factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Population Regulation

Density-dependent factors outweigh density-independent factors in most populations.

Population equilibrium by density-dependent mechanisms

Long-term population studies are important because they show that __________.

Density-independence leads to population equilibrium.

The population dynamics of lemmings demonstrate that

The classic lynx-hare population data show that

Lynx exert bottom-up control of hares.

The values of e (emigration) and i (immigration) can be density-dependent.

The effect of wolves on elk in Yellowstone is an example of

In the checkerspot butterfly metapopulation, populations are associated with __________.

Self-regulation of populations requires

Population stability

The value of the carrying capacity (K)

In a metapopulation

Which of the following do(es) not affect the moose population on Isle Royale?

What do the lynx-hare data suggest about density-dependence and population stability?

In the equation dN/dt = rN(1-N/K),

Additive mortality

Most populations are regulated by a single factor.

Density-dependence can result from top-down or bottom-up factors.

Introduction to Ecology

Adaptation and Evolution

Adaptations to the Physical Environment

Terrestrial Communities

Fresh-water and Marine Communities

Behavioral Ecology

The Ecology of Intraspecific Variation

Demography

Life History Strategies

Competition

Coevolution I Exploitative Interactions

Mutualism

The Structure of Communities

Ecological Succession

Species Diversity

Energy Flow and Trophic Structure

Biogeochemical Cycles

Conservation Biology

Landscape Ecology

Human Global Ecology

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