Question 1

The starfish Pisaster

Accepted Answer

A)  consumes barnacles, decreasing competition. 
B)  competitively excludes mussels. 
C)  suppresses algal growth. 
D)  benefits from the shade of kelp. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  consumes barnacles, decreasing competition. 
B)  competitively excludes mussels. 
C)  suppresses algal growth. 
D)  benefits from the shade of kelp. 
E)  none of the above A

Question 2

In a neutral model of community structure,

Accepted Answer

A)  deterministic processes organize the community. 
B)  species associate at random. 
C)  competitive effects are neutralized. 
D)  predation determines community structure. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  deterministic processes organize the community. 
B)  species associate at random. 
C)  competitive effects are neutralized. 
D)  predation determines community structure. 
E)  none of the above B

Question 3

According to the core-satellite hypothesis,

Accepted Answer

A)  most species are common. 
B)  abundance and occurrence are linearly related. 
C)  core species are found at few sites. 
D)  satellite species are found in many sites surrounding core sites. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  most species are common. 
B)  abundance and occurrence are linearly related. 
C)  core species are found at few sites. 
D)  satellite species are found in many sites surrounding core sites. 
E)  none of the above B

Question 4

In metacommunities,

Accepted Answer

A)  dispersal is unimportant. 
B)  competitive exclusion does not occur. 
C)  non-equilibrium and equilibrium processes occur. 
D)  have low community heritability. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  dispersal is unimportant. 
B)  competitive exclusion does not occur. 
C)  non-equilibrium and equilibrium processes occur. 
D)  have low community heritability. 
E)  none of the above

Question 5

Disturbance affects community structure by

Accepted Answer

A)  decreasing the resource base. 
B)  increasing the resource base. 
C)  leading to community equilibrium. 
D)  accelerating competitive exclusion. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  decreasing the resource base. 
B)  increasing the resource base. 
C)  leading to community equilibrium. 
D)  accelerating competitive exclusion. 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

Core species are found in many sites but at low density.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Closely related species of oaks in Florida are more likely to occur together.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Desert rodents from different guilds less often than those from the same guild.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Explain the difference between a competitive hierarchy and a competitive network.

Accepted Answer

In a competitive hierarchy is composed o

Question 10

Which of the following is not a prediction of the Bowers and Brown study of desert rodent communities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Rodents of similar size should coexist less frequently. 
B)  The more similar the body sizes of two species, the less likely they should co-occur. 
C)  Species from different guilds are less likely to coexist. 
D)  Species from other guilds co-occur at random. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  Rodents of similar size should coexist less frequently. 
B)  The more similar the body sizes of two species, the less likely they should co-occur. 
C)  Species from different guilds are less likely to coexist. 
D)  Species from other guilds co-occur at random. 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

The key difference between community heritability and population heritability is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the denominator in the community heritability equation is variation in a community trait. 
B)  the denominator in the community heritability equation is total genetic variance. 
C)  the denominator in the community heritability equation is additive genetic variance. 
D)  there is no denominator in the community heritability equation. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the denominator in the community heritability equation is variation in a community trait. 
B)  the denominator in the community heritability equation is total genetic variance. 
C)  the denominator in the community heritability equation is additive genetic variance. 
D)  there is no denominator in the community heritability equation. 
E)  none of the above

Question 12

Coexisting members of a guild differ in size by a factor of 1.4

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Communities differ from populations in that they have precise boundaries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Environmental filtering reduces competition.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A __________ increases community diversity by suppressing the populations of competitively dominant species.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A __________ increases community diversity by suppressing...

Question 16

Invasive species are always superior competitors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

How does disturbance affect community structure?

Accepted Answer

Disturbance can temporarily in

Question 18

Ant mutualists of wild cotton are

Accepted Answer

A)  more protective when herbivores are absent. 
B)  more protective when herbivores are present. 
C)  more diverse when nectar production is high. 
D)  less diverse when nectar production is low. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  more protective when herbivores are absent. 
B)  more protective when herbivores are present. 
C)  more diverse when nectar production is high. 
D)  less diverse when nectar production is low. 
E)  none of the above

Question 19

Only distantly related New World monkeys co-occur. This due to

Accepted Answer

A)  phylogenetic under dispersion. 
B)  phylogenetic clustering. 
C)  competition eliminating similar species. 
D)  environmental filtering. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  phylogenetic under dispersion. 
B)  phylogenetic clustering. 
C)  competition eliminating similar species. 
D)  environmental filtering. 
E)  none of the above

Question 20

Niches of coexisting species

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot overlap. 
B)  have large niche breadth. 
C)  occupy a small range on the resource axis. 
D)  are independent of past competition. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  cannot overlap. 
B)  have large niche breadth. 
C)  occupy a small range on the resource axis. 
D)  are independent of past competition. 
E)  none of the above

Exam 14: The Structure of Communities

The starfish Pisaster

In a neutral model of community structure,

According to the core-satellite hypothesis,

In metacommunities,

Disturbance affects community structure by

Core species are found in many sites but at low density.

Closely related species of oaks in Florida are more likely to occur together.

Desert rodents from different guilds less often than those from the same guild.

Explain the difference between a competitive hierarchy and a competitive network.

Which of the following is not a prediction of the Bowers and Brown study of desert rodent communities?

The key difference between community heritability and population heritability is that

Coexisting members of a guild differ in size by a factor of 1.4

Communities differ from populations in that they have precise boundaries.

Environmental filtering reduces competition.

A __________ increases community diversity by suppressing the populations of competitively dominant species.

Invasive species are always superior competitors.

How does disturbance affect community structure?

Ant mutualists of wild cotton are

Only distantly related New World monkeys co-occur. This due to

Niches of coexisting species

Introduction to Ecology

Adaptation and Evolution

Adaptations to the Physical Environment

Terrestrial Communities

Fresh-water and Marine Communities

Behavioral Ecology

The Ecology of Intraspecific Variation

Demography

Population Regulation

Life History Strategies

Competition

Coevolution I Exploitative Interactions

Mutualism

Ecological Succession

Species Diversity

Energy Flow and Trophic Structure

Biogeochemical Cycles

Conservation Biology

Landscape Ecology

Human Global Ecology

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