Question 1

Frequency dependent selection maintains genetic variation

Accepted Answer

A)  despite bottlenecks. 
B)  because it increases the value of FIS. 
C)  because selection favors the common morph. 
D)  because selection favors the rare morph. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  despite bottlenecks. 
B)  because it increases the value of FIS. 
C)  because selection favors the common morph. 
D)  because selection favors the rare morph. 
E)  none of the above D

Question 2

The morphological variation in Ensatina is an example of phenotypic plasticity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 3

Frequency dependent selection decreases genetic variation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Unpredictability poses a greater challenge than a constant environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Which of the following is not condition for the formation of ecotypes?

Accepted Answer

A)  inbreeding 
B)  the intensity of selection 
C)  barriers to gene flow 
D)  additive genetic variation 
E)  none of the above 
A)  inbreeding 
B)  the intensity of selection 
C)  barriers to gene flow 
D)  additive genetic variation 
E)  none of the above

Question 6

Phenotypic plasticity is always adaptive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Homozygosity in plants always leads to lower fitness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Inbreeding depression is the result of __________ whereas outbreeding depression is the result of __________.

Accepted Answer

increased homozygosi

Question 9

Which of the following does not decrease genetic variation?

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic drift 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  stabilizing selection 
D)  inbreeding 
E)  none of the above 
A)  genetic drift 
B)  disruptive selection 
C)  stabilizing selection 
D)  inbreeding 
E)  none of the above

Question 10

When a population passes through a bottleneck, its Ne

Accepted Answer

A)  may remain low after the population recovers. 
B)  is not affected. 
C)  increases. 
D)  is lower before the population decline. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  may remain low after the population recovers. 
B)  is not affected. 
C)  increases. 
D)  is lower before the population decline. 
E)  none of the above

Question 11

An adaptation is an ESS if it can __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An adaptation is an ESS if it...

Question 12

Increased homozygosity is potentially detrimental to an individual because __________.

Accepted Answer

it may bring together deleteri

Question 13

Under the Red Queen hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)  sex compensates for the rapid evolution of parasites. 
B)  sex does not need to be an ESS. 
C)  hosts evolve more rapidly than their parasites. 
D)  only the queen can reproduce. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  sex compensates for the rapid evolution of parasites. 
B)  sex does not need to be an ESS. 
C)  hosts evolve more rapidly than their parasites. 
D)  only the queen can reproduce. 
E)  none of the above

Question 14

The negative effects of inbreeding are often due to an increase in __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The negative effects of inbreeding are often...

Question 15

Phenotypic plasticity is more likely to arise if the

Accepted Answer

A)  organism encounters a single environment. 
B)  organism experiences the environment as coarse-grained. 
C)  organism experiences the environment as fine-grained. 
D)  environment rarely changes. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  organism encounters a single environment. 
B)  organism experiences the environment as coarse-grained. 
C)  organism experiences the environment as fine-grained. 
D)  environment rarely changes. 
E)  none of the above

Question 16

In a coarse-grained environment,

Accepted Answer

A)  the organism experiences one or a few environments. 
B)  the organism experiences many environments. 
C)  the movements of the organism are large relative to the patch sizes. 
D)  grains are equal to patch size. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the organism experiences one or a few environments. 
B)  the organism experiences many environments. 
C)  the movements of the organism are large relative to the patch sizes. 
D)  grains are equal to patch size. 
E)  none of the above

Question 17

Common garden experiments with yarrow showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  all traits are genetically controlled. 
B)  all traits are determined by the environment. 
C)  short stature in plants from high elevation is genetically controlled. 
D)  tall stature in plants from low elevation is genetically controlled. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  all traits are genetically controlled. 
B)  all traits are determined by the environment. 
C)  short stature in plants from high elevation is genetically controlled. 
D)  tall stature in plants from low elevation is genetically controlled. 
E)  none of the above

Question 18

Marine iguanas show ecotypic differentiation during El Niño events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following is not a component of temporal variation?

Accepted Answer

A)  the mean conditions 
B)  the predictability of change 
C)  the rate of movement of the organism. 
D)  the predictability of change. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  the mean conditions 
B)  the predictability of change 
C)  the rate of movement of the organism. 
D)  the predictability of change. 
E)  none of the above

Question 20

Outbreeding depression occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)  locally adapted genotypes are disrupted. 
B)  locally adapted genotypes are selected for. 
C)  Ne is large. 
D)  Ne  is small. 
E)  none of the above 
A)  locally adapted genotypes are disrupted. 
B)  locally adapted genotypes are selected for. 
C)  Ne is large. 
D)  Ne  is small. 
E)  none of the above

Exam 7: The Ecology of Intraspecific Variation

Frequency dependent selection maintains genetic variation

The morphological variation in Ensatina is an example of phenotypic plasticity.

Frequency dependent selection decreases genetic variation.

Unpredictability poses a greater challenge than a constant environment.

Which of the following is not condition for the formation of ecotypes?

Phenotypic plasticity is always adaptive.

Homozygosity in plants always leads to lower fitness.

Inbreeding depression is the result of __________ whereas outbreeding depression is the result of __________.

Which of the following does not decrease genetic variation?

When a population passes through a bottleneck, its Ne

An adaptation is an ESS if it can __________.

Increased homozygosity is potentially detrimental to an individual because __________.

Under the Red Queen hypothesis

The negative effects of inbreeding are often due to an increase in __________.

Phenotypic plasticity is more likely to arise if the

In a coarse-grained environment,

Common garden experiments with yarrow showed that

Marine iguanas show ecotypic differentiation during El Niño events.

Which of the following is not a component of temporal variation?

Outbreeding depression occurs when

Introduction to Ecology

Adaptation and Evolution

Adaptations to the Physical Environment

Terrestrial Communities

Fresh-water and Marine Communities

Behavioral Ecology

Demography

Population Regulation

Life History Strategies

Competition

Coevolution I Exploitative Interactions

Mutualism

The Structure of Communities

Ecological Succession

Species Diversity

Energy Flow and Trophic Structure

Biogeochemical Cycles

Conservation Biology

Landscape Ecology

Human Global Ecology

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Inbreeding depression is the result of whereas outbreeding depression is the result of .

When a population passes through a bottleneck, its N_e