Question 1

Nye's family-focused theory:

Accepted Answer

A)  claims that criminal behavior results primarily from weak attachments to one's peers. 
B)  identifies three types of control: direct, indirect, and internal. 
C)  suggests that girls commit less crime than boys even when parental control is lifted. 
D)  was tested using statistical data compiled by the FBI. 
E)  all of the above. 
A)  claims that criminal behavior results primarily from weak attachments to one's peers. 
B)  identifies three types of control: direct, indirect, and internal. 
C)  suggests that girls commit less crime than boys even when parental control is lifted. 
D)  was tested using statistical data compiled by the FBI. 
E)  all of the above. B

Question 2

Anomie refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a disjuncture between individual and collective values in society. 
B)  desistance from criminal behavior. 
C)  the influence of familial attachments on one's behavior. 
D)  the strength of one's personality in relation to the social structure. 
E)  all of the above. 
A)  a disjuncture between individual and collective values in society. 
B)  desistance from criminal behavior. 
C)  the influence of familial attachments on one's behavior. 
D)  the strength of one's personality in relation to the social structure. 
E)  all of the above. A

Question 3

Consider the quotes presented in Figure 7.9.(in the text) How could you connect these quotes to the four aspects of Hirschi's social bonding theory?

Accepted Answer

Social bonds consist of four interrelated elements or strands. Attachments are the connections one has to other people. Most important is the relationship a person has with his or her parents; however, relationships with other family members, relatives, teachers, coaches, caregivers, authority figures, and other community members are also important. Commitment refers to one's stakes in conformity or how much a person has invested in society and its institutions, such as family, education, and religion. Involvement is simply the amount of time that is consumed by legitimate activities. Belief refers to one's internalization of the laws and other social norms. The quotes provided in Figure 7.9 (in the text) suggest how, for the individuals in this study, each element was complicated by difficult childhoods, a lack of good role models, and repeated involvement with the criminal justice system.

Question 4

Control theorists believe that punishment is an ineffective method of crime control.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Control theorists struggle to explain juvenile delinquency, white-collar, and political crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In many ways, control theories can be seen as extensions of classical school thought into explaining criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Reckless's containment theory focuses on explaining how people adopt nonconformist values and how they are justified and rationalized.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Neutralization theory accounts for both motivating and control-oriented factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Which was not a key influence in the development of control theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  The work of Emile Durkheim 
B)  Social upheavals during the 1960s 
C)  Chicago school research 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  The work of Emile Durkheim 
B)  Social upheavals during the 1960s 
C)  Chicago school research 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 10

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime:

Accepted Answer

A)  many criminals carefully plan out their crimes. 
B)  people become criminals because they observe family members engaging in such behavior. 
C)  behavior is affected not only by family experiences but also by school experiences. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above. 
A)  many criminals carefully plan out their crimes. 
B)  people become criminals because they observe family members engaging in such behavior. 
C)  behavior is affected not only by family experiences but also by school experiences. 
D)  all of the above. 
E)  none of the above.

Question 11

Which of the following is not an element of Hirschi's social bonding theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Self-control 
B)  Attachment 
C)  Commitment 
D)  Involvement 
E)  Belief 
A)  Self-control 
B)  Attachment 
C)  Commitment 
D)  Involvement 
E)  Belief

Question 12

Control theorists are more interested in why people conform than why people commit crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What is the core assumption about human nature that informs control theories? What are some of the challenges of embracing this view?

Accepted Answer

Control theories assume people act in wa

Question 14

How could the micro-explanations from Part I be more fully integrated with process theories? Create a map connecting one or more aspects from Part I with one or more of the theories from Part III.

Accepted Answer

One idea worthy of more attention is how

Question 15

Hirschi's social bonding focuses on how attachments to other people and social institutions prevent us from engaging in criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

In Reckless's containment theory, examples of external pulls include:

Accepted Answer

A)  living in poverty, delinquent friends, and unemployment. 
B)  restlessness, impatience, and anger. 
C)  family supervision and values. 
D)  self-control and a good self-image. 
A)  living in poverty, delinquent friends, and unemployment. 
B)  restlessness, impatience, and anger. 
C)  family supervision and values. 
D)  self-control and a good self-image.

Question 17

Control theorists assume that the law is formed through conflicts between small groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following is false with regard to Reiss's control theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is one of the earliest examples of control theory in criminology. 
B)  It identifies the key aspects of conformity: acceptance and submission. 
C)  It integrates ideas from Marxist and socialist thought with control-oriented concepts. 
D)  It assumes that one's family and friends have the most impact on one's behavior. 
E)  It claims that people raised in foster homes have lower levels of control than those raised in their natural families. 
A)  It is one of the earliest examples of control theory in criminology. 
B)  It identifies the key aspects of conformity: acceptance and submission. 
C)  It integrates ideas from Marxist and socialist thought with control-oriented concepts. 
D)  It assumes that one's family and friends have the most impact on one's behavior. 
E)  It claims that people raised in foster homes have lower levels of control than those raised in their natural families.

Question 19

Barry regularly shoplifts various items (DVDs, small appliances, toiletries) from big box stores (e.g., Wal-Mart). He feels some guilt after doing this but resolves these negative feelings by telling himself that corporations won't miss the money and that the people who run them are often white-collar criminals themselves. These thoughts are an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  primary deviance. 
B)  techniques of neutralization. 
C)  low self-control. 
D)  an anomic state. 
A)  primary deviance. 
B)  techniques of neutralization. 
C)  low self-control. 
D)  an anomic state.

Question 20

Discuss how the relevant history influenced control theories. Provide two examples.

Accepted Answer

Control theory emerged as a reaction to

Nye's family-focused theory:

Anomie refers to:

Consider the quotes presented in Figure 7.9.(in the text) How could you connect these quotes to the four aspects of Hirschi's social bonding theory?

Control theorists believe that punishment is an ineffective method of crime control.

Control theorists struggle to explain juvenile delinquency, white-collar, and political crime.

In many ways, control theories can be seen as extensions of classical school thought into explaining criminal behavior.

Reckless's containment theory focuses on explaining how people adopt nonconformist values and how they are justified and rationalized.

Neutralization theory accounts for both motivating and control-oriented factors.

Which was not a key influence in the development of control theory?

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime:

Which of the following is not an element of Hirschi's social bonding theory?

Control theorists are more interested in why people conform than why people commit crime.

What is the core assumption about human nature that informs control theories? What are some of the challenges of embracing this view?

How could the micro-explanations from Part I be more fully integrated with process theories? Create a map connecting one or more aspects from Part I with one or more of the theories from Part III.

Hirschi's social bonding focuses on how attachments to other people and social institutions prevent us from engaging in criminal behavior.

In Reckless's containment theory, examples of external pulls include:

Control theorists assume that the law is formed through conflicts between small groups.

Which of the following is false with regard to Reiss's control theory?

Discuss how the relevant history influenced control theories. Provide two examples.

Basic Principles of Theorizing and Mapping

The Seven-Step Model and Early Explanations of Criminality

Biological Positivist Theories

Psychological Positivist Theories

Psychological Process Theories

Differential Association and Social Learning Theories

Labeling Theories

Social Disorganization Theories

Social Strain and Anomie Theories

Conflict Theories

Rational Choice Theories

Integrated and General Theories

Biosocial Theories

Developmental and Life Course Theories

Conclusion

Filters

Exam 7: Control Theories

Nye's family-focused theory:

Anomie refers to:

Consider the quotes presented in Figure 7.9.(in the text) How could you connect these quotes to the four aspects of Hirschi's social bonding theory?

Control theorists believe that punishment is an ineffective method of crime control.

Control theorists struggle to explain juvenile delinquency, white-collar, and political crime.

In many ways, control theories can be seen as extensions of classical school thought into explaining criminal behavior.

Reckless's containment theory focuses on explaining how people adopt nonconformist values and how they are justified and rationalized.

Neutralization theory accounts for both motivating and control-oriented factors.

Which was not a key influence in the development of control theory?

According to Gottfredson and Hirschi's general theory of crime:

Which of the following is not an element of Hirschi's social bonding theory?

Control theorists are more interested in why people conform than why people commit crime.

What is the core assumption about human nature that informs control theories? What are some of the challenges of embracing this view?

How could the micro-explanations from Part I be more fully integrated with process theories? Create a map connecting one or more aspects from Part I with one or more of the theories from Part III.

Hirschi's social bonding focuses on how attachments to other people and social institutions prevent us from engaging in criminal behavior.

In Reckless's containment theory, examples of external pulls include:

Control theorists assume that the law is formed through conflicts between small groups.

Which of the following is false with regard to Reiss's control theory?

Discuss how the relevant history influenced control theories. Provide two examples.

Basic Principles of Theorizing and Mapping

The Seven-Step Model and Early Explanations of Criminality

Biological Positivist Theories

Psychological Positivist Theories

Psychological Process Theories

Differential Association and Social Learning Theories

Labeling Theories

Social Disorganization Theories

Social Strain and Anomie Theories

Conflict Theories

Rational Choice Theories

Integrated and General Theories

Biosocial Theories

Developmental and Life Course Theories

Conclusion

Filters