Question 1

Which of the following would not be advocated by critical criminologists?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stop-and-frisk policies 
B)  Reform of prostitution laws 
C)  Decriminalization of marijuana 
D)  Drug courts 
E)  Community policing 
A)  Stop-and-frisk policies 
B)  Reform of prostitution laws 
C)  Decriminalization of marijuana 
D)  Drug courts 
E)  Community policing A

Question 2

Why are the critiques leveled against conflict theories important? How are they limited?

Accepted Answer

Some critiques include the fact that conflict theories too often assume social conflict is a basic fact of life and a source of discriminatory treatment. Likewise, most conflict theories ignore biological and psychological characteristics of behavior that we know are important to criminal behavior. Finally, sometimes the critiques leveled against the criminal justice system overwhelm a more nuanced strategy to engage with institutions and the people who work within them to make real and meaningful changes for those caught up in the system.

Question 3

Peacemaking criminology is closely tied to restorative justice practices.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

According to Bonger's Marxist theory of crime, which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Poverty is generated by capitalism, which gives rise to crime. 
B)  Capitalism promotes individualism and egoism, which lead to increased crime. 
C)  Humans are inherently social. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  Poverty is generated by capitalism, which gives rise to crime. 
B)  Capitalism promotes individualism and egoism, which lead to increased crime. 
C)  Humans are inherently social. 
D)  All of the above. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 5

Black's theory about the behavior of the criminal law:

Accepted Answer

A)  is an attempt to apply legal realism and Freudian ideas to explain how criminal law is formed. 
B)  is based primarily on psychological learning theories. 
C)  argues that increases to certainty and severity of punishment could lower crime rates. 
D)  predicts that street criminals will be prosecuted at higher rates than corporations regardless of the amount of harm caused. 
E)  suggests that the law is formed through societal consensus about crime. 
A)  is an attempt to apply legal realism and Freudian ideas to explain how criminal law is formed. 
B)  is based primarily on psychological learning theories. 
C)  argues that increases to certainty and severity of punishment could lower crime rates. 
D)  predicts that street criminals will be prosecuted at higher rates than corporations regardless of the amount of harm caused. 
E)  suggests that the law is formed through societal consensus about crime.

Question 6

Conflict theories focus more on explaining the origins of the law and activities
 of the state and criminal justice system than on explaining individual criminal behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Conflict theorists:

Accepted Answer

A)  suggest that some criminals are just bad apples. 
B)  believe that people have free will and make rational choices to commit crime. 
C)  are especially interested in the formation of law and the activities of the criminal justice system. 
D)  focus on explaining chronic offending and societal variation in crime rates. 
E)  believe that human nature is unaffected by outside sources. 
A)  suggest that some criminals are just bad apples. 
B)  believe that people have free will and make rational choices to commit crime. 
C)  are especially interested in the formation of law and the activities of the criminal justice system. 
D)  focus on explaining chronic offending and societal variation in crime rates. 
E)  believe that human nature is unaffected by outside sources.

Question 8

How are the assumptions made by conflict theories relevant?
Conflict theorists assume that humans are naturally altruistic because human activity requires social interaction and interdependence. At the same time, one's social environment may serve to accentuate negative characteristics, such as aggression and greed. Conflict theorists suggest that society is a bad barrel that serves to corrupt otherwise good individuals.

Accepted Answer

Most conflict theorists assume that capi

Question 9

List some practical approaches and programs suggested by conflict theories.

Accepted Answer

Some approaches include community activi

Question 10

Which of the following social theorists is not associated with the conflict approach?

Accepted Answer

A)  Karl Marx 
B)  Emile Durkheim 
C)  Georg Simmel 
D)  Max Weber 
E)  Friedrich Engels 
A)  Karl Marx 
B)  Emile Durkheim 
C)  Georg Simmel 
D)  Max Weber 
E)  Friedrich Engels

Question 11

What kinds of criminological issues do conflict theorists try to explain?

Accepted Answer

Conflict theorists do not attempt to exp

Question 12

Conflict theories struggle to explain:

Accepted Answer

A)  the origins of the criminal law. 
B)  how criminal justice systems change over time. 
C)  how institutional activities serve to create crime. 
D)  high rates of arrests among minority groups. 
E)  how individual differences relate to criminal behavior. 
A)  the origins of the criminal law. 
B)  how criminal justice systems change over time. 
C)  how institutional activities serve to create crime. 
D)  high rates of arrests among minority groups. 
E)  how individual differences relate to criminal behavior.

Question 13

According to Turk's theory of the criminalization process, sophisticated individuals attract the attention of law enforcement at greater rates than those who are less sophisticated.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Stop-and-frisk policies have been shown to have many positive benefits, including raising levels of public satisfaction with the police.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Feminist critiques of criminology pointed out that many early criminological theories focused solely on male offending and ignored female offending.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Why is the historical period in which these theories emerged important?

Accepted Answer

During the social upheaval of the 1960s,

Question 17

Conflict theorists tend to downplay the importance of biological factors when explaining crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Legal realists are more interested in the specifics of legal statutes than in how the law plays out in the real world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Research on conflict theories in criminology:

Accepted Answer

A)  demonstrates that less imprisonment leads to more crime. 
B)  suggests that neighborhood crime can be controlled by adding more police to the area. 
C)  has shown that there are great disparities in punishment based on social class. 
D)  indicates that chronic offenders commit a majority of the crimes. 
E)  all of the above. 
A)  demonstrates that less imprisonment leads to more crime. 
B)  suggests that neighborhood crime can be controlled by adding more police to the area. 
C)  has shown that there are great disparities in punishment based on social class. 
D)  indicates that chronic offenders commit a majority of the crimes. 
E)  all of the above.

Question 20

Research in feminist criminology has clearly demonstrated that equality between men and women leads to higher rates of female crime.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Which of the following would not be advocated by critical criminologists?

Why are the critiques leveled against conflict theories important? How are they limited?

Peacemaking criminology is closely tied to restorative justice practices.

According to Bonger's Marxist theory of crime, which of the following statements is true?

Black's theory about the behavior of the criminal law:

Conflict theories focus more on explaining the origins of the law and activities of the state and criminal justice system than on explaining individual criminal behavior.

Conflict theorists:

List some practical approaches and programs suggested by conflict theories.

Which of the following social theorists is not associated with the conflict approach?

What kinds of criminological issues do conflict theorists try to explain?

Conflict theories struggle to explain:

According to Turk's theory of the criminalization process, sophisticated individuals attract the attention of law enforcement at greater rates than those who are less sophisticated.

Stop-and-frisk policies have been shown to have many positive benefits, including raising levels of public satisfaction with the police.

Feminist critiques of criminology pointed out that many early criminological theories focused solely on male offending and ignored female offending.

Why is the historical period in which these theories emerged important?

Conflict theorists tend to downplay the importance of biological factors when explaining crime.

Legal realists are more interested in the specifics of legal statutes than in how the law plays out in the real world.

Research on conflict theories in criminology:

Research in feminist criminology has clearly demonstrated that equality between men and women leads to higher rates of female crime.

Basic Principles of Theorizing and Mapping

The Seven-Step Model and Early Explanations of Criminality

Biological Positivist Theories

Psychological Positivist Theories

Psychological Process Theories

Differential Association and Social Learning Theories

Control Theories

Labeling Theories

Social Disorganization Theories

Social Strain and Anomie Theories

Rational Choice Theories

Integrated and General Theories

Biosocial Theories

Developmental and Life Course Theories

Conclusion

Filters

Exam 11: Conflict Theories

Which of the following would not be advocated by critical criminologists?

Why are the critiques leveled against conflict theories important? How are they limited?

Peacemaking criminology is closely tied to restorative justice practices.

According to Bonger's Marxist theory of crime, which of the following statements is true?

Black's theory about the behavior of the criminal law:

Conflict theories focus more on explaining the origins of the law and activities of the state and criminal justice system than on explaining individual criminal behavior.

Conflict theorists:

List some practical approaches and programs suggested by conflict theories.

Which of the following social theorists is not associated with the conflict approach?

What kinds of criminological issues do conflict theorists try to explain?

Conflict theories struggle to explain:

According to Turk's theory of the criminalization process, sophisticated individuals attract the attention of law enforcement at greater rates than those who are less sophisticated.

Stop-and-frisk policies have been shown to have many positive benefits, including raising levels of public satisfaction with the police.

Feminist critiques of criminology pointed out that many early criminological theories focused solely on male offending and ignored female offending.

Why is the historical period in which these theories emerged important?

Conflict theorists tend to downplay the importance of biological factors when explaining crime.

Legal realists are more interested in the specifics of legal statutes than in how the law plays out in the real world.

Research on conflict theories in criminology:

Research in feminist criminology has clearly demonstrated that equality between men and women leads to higher rates of female crime.

Basic Principles of Theorizing and Mapping

The Seven-Step Model and Early Explanations of Criminality

Biological Positivist Theories

Psychological Positivist Theories

Psychological Process Theories

Differential Association and Social Learning Theories

Control Theories

Labeling Theories

Social Disorganization Theories

Social Strain and Anomie Theories

Rational Choice Theories

Integrated and General Theories

Biosocial Theories

Developmental and Life Course Theories

Conclusion

Filters