Question 1

Quantitative research:

Accepted Answer

A)  is less structured than qualitative research. 
B)  makes use of independent and dependent variables. 
C)  is less common in criminology. 
D)  provides a means to focus more deeply on individual cases and context-specific realities. 
E)  relies less on numerical information. 
A)  is less structured than qualitative research. 
B)  makes use of independent and dependent variables. 
C)  is less common in criminology. 
D)  provides a means to focus more deeply on individual cases and context-specific realities. 
E)  relies less on numerical information. B

Question 2

Match the correct term with proper definition.
-Quantitative Research

Accepted Answer

A)  Specific explanations of criminality/criminal behavior that can be tested and falsified 
B)  Refers to systematic relationship between variables, although not clear which variable causes which 
C)  Research based on the analysis of numeric data 
D)  The idea that a theory could be disproven 
E)  Relationship in which one variable directly affects another with no outside variable interfering
F) Research based on the exploration of narrative data
G) Statements that explain the relationships between key concepts in a theory 
A)  Specific explanations of criminality/criminal behavior that can be tested and falsified 
B)  Refers to systematic relationship between variables, although not clear which variable causes which 
C)  Research based on the analysis of numeric data 
D)  The idea that a theory could be disproven 
E)  Relationship in which one variable directly affects another with no outside variable interfering
F) Research based on the exploration of narrative data
G) Statements that explain the relationships between key concepts in a theory C

Question 3

Tabula rasa refers to the notion that people are naturally selfish.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

Define key terms such as theory, causation, correlation, proposition, and falsifiability.

Accepted Answer

Theory: Specific explanations of crimina

Question 5

Which of the following resulted directly from the influence of the classical school of philosophy?

Accepted Answer

A)  Legal codes and punishments that are clear and public 
B)  Rehabilitation and treatment 
C)  The death penalty 
D)  Probation 
E)  Victim impact statements 
A)  Legal codes and punishments that are clear and public 
B)  Rehabilitation and treatment 
C)  The death penalty 
D)  Probation 
E)  Victim impact statements

Question 6

According to the classical school of philosophy, the likelihood of deterrence is determined by which principles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Magnanimity, fortitude, and specificity 
B)  Rigor, precision, and relevance 
C)  Severity, certainty, and celerity 
D)  Balance, interest, and rationality 
E)  Exactitude, proximity, and equity 
A)  Magnanimity, fortitude, and specificity 
B)  Rigor, precision, and relevance 
C)  Severity, certainty, and celerity 
D)  Balance, interest, and rationality 
E)  Exactitude, proximity, and equity

Question 7

The notions of free will and determinism demonstrate the fundamental tension in our modern criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Interviews with 60 repeat property offenders reveal that increases in the severity of punishment lead directly to increased deterrence effects.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Positivists claim that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people are all essentially the same and can be controlled by the criminal law. 
B)  humans are characterized by a clear and consistent rationality. 
C)  behavior is determined by factors that are beyond a person's control. 
D)  individuals sacrifice some freedom to live among others in society. 
E)  all of the above. 
A)  people are all essentially the same and can be controlled by the criminal law. 
B)  humans are characterized by a clear and consistent rationality. 
C)  behavior is determined by factors that are beyond a person's control. 
D)  individuals sacrifice some freedom to live among others in society. 
E)  all of the above.

Question 10

Match the correct term with proper definition.
-Falsifiability

Accepted Answer

A)  Specific explanations of criminality/criminal behavior that can be tested and falsified 
B)  Refers to systematic relationship between variables, although not clear which variable causes which 
C)  Research based on the analysis of numeric data 
D)  The idea that a theory could be disproven 
E)  Relationship in which one variable directly affects another with no outside variable interfering
F) Research based on the exploration of narrative data
G) Statements that explain the relationships between key concepts in a theory 
A)  Specific explanations of criminality/criminal behavior that can be tested and falsified 
B)  Refers to systematic relationship between variables, although not clear which variable causes which 
C)  Research based on the analysis of numeric data 
D)  The idea that a theory could be disproven 
E)  Relationship in which one variable directly affects another with no outside variable interfering
F) Research based on the exploration of narrative data
G) Statements that explain the relationships between key concepts in a theory

Question 11

Explain the differences between the classical school and positivist approaches in criminology. How do these two approaches vary in assumptions and problem focus? Be sure to discuss how these approaches have influenced the criminal justice system and why there is a fundamental tension between them.

Accepted Answer

The classical school emphasizes free wil

Question 12

According to criminological research, which of the following is/are effective in deterring future criminal behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Boot camps 
B)  Drug Abuse Resistance Education 
C)  Scared straight programs 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above 
A)  Boot camps 
B)  Drug Abuse Resistance Education 
C)  Scared straight programs 
D)  All of the above 
E)  None of the above

Question 13

The modern criminal justice system is informed by both classical and positivist approaches.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A good theory tends to be very complex, should be falsifiable, and solves every puzzle and problem for researchers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Present the seven steps of criminological thinking, and provide two relevant issues for each step.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Present the seven steps of criminological thinking,...

Question 16

The political views of the time often influence the development of criminological theories.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is false according to the classical school scholars?

Accepted Answer

A)  People are generally rational and can be deterred from criminal behavior through proper punishment. 
B)  To control crime, one should simply increase the severity of punishment. 
C)  People seek to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. 
D)  Clearly specified laws and punishments are necessary for a strong criminal justice system. 
E)  None of the above. 
A)  People are generally rational and can be deterred from criminal behavior through proper punishment. 
B)  To control crime, one should simply increase the severity of punishment. 
C)  People seek to maximize pleasure and minimize pain. 
D)  Clearly specified laws and punishments are necessary for a strong criminal justice system. 
E)  None of the above.

Question 18

Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative research in criminology, and provide examples of research that rely on these two approaches.

Accepted Answer

Quantitative research can be described a

Question 19

Match the correct term with proper definition.
-Theory

Accepted Answer

A)  Specific explanations of criminality/criminal behavior that can be tested and falsified 
B)  Refers to systematic relationship between variables, although not clear which variable causes which 
C)  Research based on the analysis of numeric data 
D)  The idea that a theory could be disproven 
E)  Relationship in which one variable directly affects another with no outside variable interfering
F) Research based on the exploration of narrative data
G) Statements that explain the relationships between key concepts in a theory 
A)  Specific explanations of criminality/criminal behavior that can be tested and falsified 
B)  Refers to systematic relationship between variables, although not clear which variable causes which 
C)  Research based on the analysis of numeric data 
D)  The idea that a theory could be disproven 
E)  Relationship in which one variable directly affects another with no outside variable interfering
F) Research based on the exploration of narrative data
G) Statements that explain the relationships between key concepts in a theory

Question 20

List the three main assumptions of human nature explored in this chapter, and explain how they can be connected to our current criminal justice system.

Accepted Answer

Classical school theorists believe that

Quantitative research:

Match the correct term with proper definition. -Quantitative Research

Tabula rasa refers to the notion that people are naturally selfish.

Define key terms such as theory, causation, correlation, proposition, and falsifiability.

Which of the following resulted directly from the influence of the classical school of philosophy?

According to the classical school of philosophy, the likelihood of deterrence is determined by which principles?

The notions of free will and determinism demonstrate the fundamental tension in our modern criminal justice system.

Interviews with 60 repeat property offenders reveal that increases in the severity of punishment lead directly to increased deterrence effects.

Positivists claim that:

Match the correct term with proper definition. -Falsifiability

Explain the differences between the classical school and positivist approaches in criminology. How do these two approaches vary in assumptions and problem focus? Be sure to discuss how these approaches have influenced the criminal justice system and why there is a fundamental tension between them.

According to criminological research, which of the following is/are effective in deterring future criminal behavior?

The modern criminal justice system is informed by both classical and positivist approaches.

A good theory tends to be very complex, should be falsifiable, and solves every puzzle and problem for researchers.

Present the seven steps of criminological thinking, and provide two relevant issues for each step.

The political views of the time often influence the development of criminological theories.

Which of the following is false according to the classical school scholars?

Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative research in criminology, and provide examples of research that rely on these two approaches.

Match the correct term with proper definition. -Theory

List the three main assumptions of human nature explored in this chapter, and explain how they can be connected to our current criminal justice system.

Basic Principles of Theorizing and Mapping

Biological Positivist Theories

Psychological Positivist Theories

Psychological Process Theories

Differential Association and Social Learning Theories

Control Theories

Labeling Theories

Social Disorganization Theories

Social Strain and Anomie Theories

Conflict Theories

Rational Choice Theories

Integrated and General Theories

Biosocial Theories

Developmental and Life Course Theories

Conclusion

Filters

Exam 2: The Seven-Step Model and Early Explanations of Criminality

Quantitative research:

Match the correct term with proper definition. -Quantitative Research

Tabula rasa refers to the notion that people are naturally selfish.

Define key terms such as theory, causation, correlation, proposition, and falsifiability.

Which of the following resulted directly from the influence of the classical school of philosophy?

According to the classical school of philosophy, the likelihood of deterrence is determined by which principles?

The notions of free will and determinism demonstrate the fundamental tension in our modern criminal justice system.

Interviews with 60 repeat property offenders reveal that increases in the severity of punishment lead directly to increased deterrence effects.

Positivists claim that:

Match the correct term with proper definition. -Falsifiability

Explain the differences between the classical school and positivist approaches in criminology. How do these two approaches vary in assumptions and problem focus? Be sure to discuss how these approaches have influenced the criminal justice system and why there is a fundamental tension between them.

According to criminological research, which of the following is/are effective in deterring future criminal behavior?

The modern criminal justice system is informed by both classical and positivist approaches.

A good theory tends to be very complex, should be falsifiable, and solves every puzzle and problem for researchers.

Present the seven steps of criminological thinking, and provide two relevant issues for each step.

The political views of the time often influence the development of criminological theories.

Which of the following is false according to the classical school scholars?

Compare and contrast quantitative and qualitative research in criminology, and provide examples of research that rely on these two approaches.

Match the correct term with proper definition. -Theory

List the three main assumptions of human nature explored in this chapter, and explain how they can be connected to our current criminal justice system.

Basic Principles of Theorizing and Mapping

Biological Positivist Theories

Psychological Positivist Theories

Psychological Process Theories

Differential Association and Social Learning Theories

Control Theories

Labeling Theories

Social Disorganization Theories

Social Strain and Anomie Theories

Conflict Theories

Rational Choice Theories

Integrated and General Theories

Biosocial Theories

Developmental and Life Course Theories

Conclusion

Filters