Exam 14: Developmental and Life-Course Theories

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Sampson and Laub's age-graded informal social control theory and Hirschi's social bond theory are similar in that they both focus on the role of social relationships and bonds in preventing criminal behavior. Both theories emphasize the importance of strong social ties, attachment to conventional institutions, involvement in conventional activities, and belief in the moral validity of social norms as protective factors against criminal behavior.

However, they differ in their emphasis on the timing and nature of these social bonds. Sampson and Laub's theory specifically focuses on the impact of informal social control and social bonds formed in childhood and adolescence on later criminal behavior, while Hirschi's theory looks at the broader concept of social bonds throughout the lifespan.

In terms of which theory is a better explanation of criminal behavior, it is difficult to determine a clear winner. Both theories have been influential in understanding the role of social bonds in preventing criminal behavior, and each offers valuable insights into the complex interplay of social relationships and individual behavior.

Sampson and Laub's theory provides a compelling explanation for the impact of early social bonds on later criminal behavior, while Hirschi's theory offers a more comprehensive framework for understanding the ongoing influence of social bonds across the lifespan. Ultimately, the most effective approach may be to consider the complementary insights offered by both theories in understanding the multifaceted nature of criminal behavior.