Exam 17: Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Mitochondria have their own DNA, which encodes some of the proteins that function within the mitochondria. Explain why the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA is described as "maternal inheritance."

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Question 1

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When fertilization occurs and a sperm enters the secondary oocyte, generally there are no mitochondria in the sperm head. In other words, the contribution of the sperm to the population of mitochondria in the fertilized egg is negligible. As the fertilized egg undergoes cell division, all of the mitochondria in the daughter cells are derived from the mitochondria of the egg. Therefore, all of the mitochondrial DNA in an individual is descended from the mitochondrial DNA of the mother, represented by the mitochondria in the original egg.

Once an RNA molecule has been made from DNA, it enters the cytoplasm of the cell where it is used by the cell to produce a

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Question 2

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The study of how gene expression is altered by factors in the cell's environment is called ________.

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Question 3

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epigenetics

Mitosis in mammals usually takes less than an hour.

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Question 4

The process by which cells become specialized from one another is called

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Question 5

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the mitotic phase of the cell cycle?

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Question 6

Meiosis results in four nonidentical daughter cells.

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Question 7

Therapeutic cloning differs from reproductive cloning in that therapeutic cloning

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Question 8

Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a(n) ________.

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Question 9

Mutations in human DNA rarely impair normal cell function because

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Question 10

A drug that interferes with the development and function of microtubules would interfere with

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Question 11

During the cell cycle, DNA replicates during the late G₁ phase.

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Question 12

Match each stage of mitosis (lettered A-D) to the appropriate diagram in the figure above. -occurs just before cytokinesis

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Question 13

Human cells, with the exception of the gametes, reproduce by mitosis.

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Question 14

At which one of the following checkpoints might the cell cycle be halted if all of the DNA has not yet been replicated?

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Question 15

The beginning of each gene in DNA is marked by the presence of a unique base sequence called the ________.

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Question 16

Which one of the following cell types typically divide throughout one's life?

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Question 17

-Which one of the following stages of mitosis is shown in the figure, and which stage comes next?

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Question 18

During which one of the following stages of the cell cycle do the chromosomes exist in the form of chromatin not really visible under the microscope?

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Question 19

________ is the process by which the DNA code of a single gene is converted into a complimentary strand of mRNA.

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Question 20

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Exam 17: Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Mitochondria have their own DNA, which encodes some of the proteins that function within the mitochondria. Explain why the inheritance of mitochondrial DNA is described as "maternal inheritance."

Once an RNA molecule has been made from DNA, it enters the cytoplasm of the cell where it is used by the cell to produce a

The study of how gene expression is altered by factors in the cell's environment is called ________.

Mitosis in mammals usually takes less than an hour.

The process by which cells become specialized from one another is called

Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding the mitotic phase of the cell cycle?

Meiosis results in four nonidentical daughter cells.

Therapeutic cloning differs from reproductive cloning in that therapeutic cloning

Following replication of chromosomes, sister chromatids are held together by a(n) ________.

Mutations in human DNA rarely impair normal cell function because

A drug that interferes with the development and function of microtubules would interfere with

During the cell cycle, DNA replicates during the late G₁ phase.

Match each stage of mitosis (lettered A-D) to the appropriate diagram in the figure above. -occurs just before cytokinesis

Human cells, with the exception of the gametes, reproduce by mitosis.

At which one of the following checkpoints might the cell cycle be halted if all of the DNA has not yet been replicated?

The beginning of each gene in DNA is marked by the presence of a unique base sequence called the ________.

Which one of the following cell types typically divide throughout one's life?

-Which one of the following stages of mitosis is shown in the figure, and which stage comes next?

During which one of the following stages of the cell cycle do the chromosomes exist in the form of chromatin not really visible under the microscope?

________ is the process by which the DNA code of a single gene is converted into a complimentary strand of mRNA.

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