Question 1

The science that involves the planned modification, insertion, or deletion of genes from the genetic makeup of an organism is called ________.

Accepted Answer

genetic engineering

Question 2

The idea of manipulating DNA through cutting and splicing, essential to the science of recombinant DNA technology, is not necessarily a new process since nature has been recombining DNA for billions of years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

Small, circular DNA molecules that are located outside the main chromosome of bacteria and are capable of self-replication are ________.

Accepted Answer

plasmids

Question 4

To create cows, sheep, and pigs that grow faster and larger, the gene for ________ has been inserted into their genomes.

Accepted Answer

bovine gro

Question 5

One technique not used to yield a transgenic animal is to

Accepted Answer

A)  amplify DNA from a donor animal and another organism of interest using PCR 
B)  remove all of the DNA from an animal fetus, and insert new DNA of interest through the use of synthetic DNA "carriers" 
C)  microinject the DNA of interest into an animal's egg 
D)  introduce proteins from a foreign organism into the blood of a pregnant animal, so that the protein sequences will be used to produce a new DNA template 
E)  inject the DNA of interest into an animal's bone marrow 
A)  amplify DNA from a donor animal and another organism of interest using PCR 
B)  remove all of the DNA from an animal fetus, and insert new DNA of interest through the use of synthetic DNA "carriers" 
C)  microinject the DNA of interest into an animal's egg 
D)  introduce proteins from a foreign organism into the blood of a pregnant animal, so that the protein sequences will be used to produce a new DNA template 
E)  inject the DNA of interest into an animal's bone marrow

Question 6

Which one of the following explanations does not describe why generating transgenic animals is more difficult than plants?

Accepted Answer

A)  The intracellular environment of an animal can be much different than bacteria and even plants. 
B)  Animal cells do not readily take up plasmid DNA like plant cells. 
C)  The techniques for cloning animals from a single cell are more challenging than for plants. 
D)  Genetic material must be inserted into a fertilized egg, then implanted into a living animal; plants can be grown in culture media, and thus, there is no need for implantation. 
E)  Genetic material is introduced to animal cells in culture media and the animal is allowed to mature. 
A)  The intracellular environment of an animal can be much different than bacteria and even plants. 
B)  Animal cells do not readily take up plasmid DNA like plant cells. 
C)  The techniques for cloning animals from a single cell are more challenging than for plants. 
D)  Genetic material must be inserted into a fertilized egg, then implanted into a living animal; plants can be grown in culture media, and thus, there is no need for implantation. 
E)  Genetic material is introduced to animal cells in culture media and the animal is allowed to mature.

Question 7

Which one of the following is a problem associated with traditional vaccines as opposed to vaccines produced by transgenic organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  Traditional vaccines are always in short supply. 
B)  Traditional vaccines may result in disease symptoms because they contain killed or weakened organisms. 
C)  Traditional vaccines can only be given after infection; they cannot prevent infection. 
D)  Traditional vaccines must be given in larger quantity. 
E)  Traditional vaccines are more expensive. 
A)  Traditional vaccines are always in short supply. 
B)  Traditional vaccines may result in disease symptoms because they contain killed or weakened organisms. 
C)  Traditional vaccines can only be given after infection; they cannot prevent infection. 
D)  Traditional vaccines must be given in larger quantity. 
E)  Traditional vaccines are more expensive.

Question 8

The rapid development of knowledge regarding how to manipulate and analyze DNA, including techniques for modifying its structure, has led to the new field in biology known as

Accepted Answer

A)  graphic display 
B)  DNA splicing 
C)  recombinant DNA technology 
D)  genetics 
E)  electrophoresis 
A)  graphic display 
B)  DNA splicing 
C)  recombinant DNA technology 
D)  genetics 
E)  electrophoresis

Question 9

According to the text, the "workhorses" of the genetic engineering industry are ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, the "workhorses" of...

Question 10

Gene therapy requires that genes be delivered to cells and incorporated into the cells' DNA; transporters of these genes are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gene therapy requires that genes be delivered...

Question 11

The process of producing pharmaceuticals in farm animals is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process of producing pharmaceuticals in farm...

Question 12

A scientist is working in a lab sequencing DNA. After reading the results from a column of gel scanned in a fluoroscope, she determines that the sequence of bases in the newly synthesized DNA is AATTCCCGG. Which one of the following represents the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

Accepted Answer

A)  GGCCAAATT 
B)  UUTTCCCGG 
C)  AATTCCCGG 
D)  UUAAGGGCC 
E)  TTAAGGGCC 
A)  GGCCAAATT 
B)  UUTTCCCGG 
C)  AATTCCCGG 
D)  UUAAGGGCC 
E)  TTAAGGGCC

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: restriction enzyme
polymerase chain reaction
DNA polymerase
plasmid
DNA ligase

Accepted Answer

The Answer of amplification of small pieces of DNA through is...

Question 14

Plasmids are useful to scientists involved in recombinant DNA technology because foreign genes can be inserted into the plasmids and then the plasmids can be inserted back into bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Gene therapy is showing some promise as a technique to help treat or prevent some diseases. Researchers have focused their attention on understanding more about the process of programmed cell death or apoptosis. Discuss why the process of apoptosis in injured or aging cells may be useful for understanding or treating cancer.

Accepted Answer

Apoptosis occurs when cells get damaged

Question 16

The technique used to make millions of identical copies of DNA from a small sample in a test tube is ________.

Accepted Answer

polymerase chain rea

Question 17

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that is caused by the lack of a gene that encodes a cell membrane protein which transports ________ ions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that...

Question 18

Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate a mixture of DNA fragments. During this process, large DNA fragments move longer distances than small DNA fragments when an electric current is applied.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Gene therapy may one day be used to cure cancer. One approach currently under investigation is to add the gene for ________ to cancer cells. This molecule stimulates the immune system to attack the cancer cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gene therapy may one day be used...

Question 20

Which one of the following human proteins, produced by transgenic bacteria, is used to prevent or break down blood clots?

Accepted Answer

A)  insulin 
B)  tissue plasminogen activator 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  growth hormone 
E)  factor VIII 
A)  insulin 
B)  tissue plasminogen activator 
C)  erythropoietin 
D)  growth hormone 
E)  factor VIII

Exam 20: DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering

The science that involves the planned modification, insertion, or deletion of genes from the genetic makeup of an organism is called ________.

The idea of manipulating DNA through cutting and splicing, essential to the science of recombinant DNA technology, is not necessarily a new process since nature has been recombining DNA for billions of years.

Small, circular DNA molecules that are located outside the main chromosome of bacteria and are capable of self-replication are ________.

To create cows, sheep, and pigs that grow faster and larger, the gene for ________ has been inserted into their genomes.

One technique not used to yield a transgenic animal is to

Which one of the following explanations does not describe why generating transgenic animals is more difficult than plants?

Which one of the following is a problem associated with traditional vaccines as opposed to vaccines produced by transgenic organisms?

The rapid development of knowledge regarding how to manipulate and analyze DNA, including techniques for modifying its structure, has led to the new field in biology known as

According to the text, the "workhorses" of the genetic engineering industry are ________.

Gene therapy requires that genes be delivered to cells and incorporated into the cells' DNA; transporters of these genes are known as ________.

The process of producing pharmaceuticals in farm animals is ________.

A scientist is working in a lab sequencing DNA. After reading the results from a column of gel scanned in a fluoroscope, she determines that the sequence of bases in the newly synthesized DNA is AATTCCCGG. Which one of the following represents the sequence of bases on the complementary strand?

Plasmids are useful to scientists involved in recombinant DNA technology because foreign genes can be inserted into the plasmids and then the plasmids can be inserted back into bacteria.

The technique used to make millions of identical copies of DNA from a small sample in a test tube is ________.

Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder that is caused by the lack of a gene that encodes a cell membrane protein which transports ________ ions.

Gel electrophoresis is a technique used to separate a mixture of DNA fragments. During this process, large DNA fragments move longer distances than small DNA fragments when an electric current is applied.

Gene therapy may one day be used to cure cancer. One approach currently under investigation is to add the gene for ________ to cancer cells. This molecule stimulates the immune system to attack the cancer cells.

Which one of the following human proteins, produced by transgenic bacteria, is used to prevent or break down blood clots?

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Structure and Function of Cells

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The Nervous System: Integration and Control

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Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

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Evolution and the Origins of Life

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