Question 1

Alleles are alternative versions of chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 2

A father is blood type B and a mother is blood type A. They have a child with blood type O. What are the genotypes of the father and mother?

Accepted Answer

A)  The father must be BB and the mother must be AO. 
B)  The father must be BO and the mother must be AA. 
C)  The father must be BO and the mother must be AO. 
D)  The father must be BB and the mother must be AA. 
E)  This isn't possible. 
A)  The father must be BB and the mother must be AO. 
B)  The father must be BO and the mother must be AA. 
C)  The father must be BO and the mother must be AO. 
D)  The father must be BB and the mother must be AA. 
E)  This isn't possible. C

Question 3

A person born with Edwards syndrome has a genotypic condition identified as

Accepted Answer

A)  trisomy 21 
B)  trisomy 18 
C)  nondisjunction 
D)  XO 
E)  XXY 
A)  trisomy 21 
B)  trisomy 18 
C)  nondisjunction 
D)  XO 
E)  XXY B

Question 4

The law of segregation states that

Accepted Answer

A)  when two identical alleles come together, complete dominance occurs in terms of phenotype 
B)  genes for different traits assort independently of each other during the formation of egg and sperm 
C)  genes separate from each other during gamete formation so that each sperm and egg receive only one allele from each pair 
D)  when different alleles for the same trait come together, one allele will be recessive to another 
E)  different alleles for the same gene occupy unique loci on sister chromatids 
A)  when two identical alleles come together, complete dominance occurs in terms of phenotype 
B)  genes for different traits assort independently of each other during the formation of egg and sperm 
C)  genes separate from each other during gamete formation so that each sperm and egg receive only one allele from each pair 
D)  when different alleles for the same trait come together, one allele will be recessive to another 
E)  different alleles for the same gene occupy unique loci on sister chromatids

Question 5

A(n) ________ occurs when a piece of chromosome breaks off or is lost.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A(n) ________ occurs when a piece of...

Question 6

Mendel's law of independent assortment states that genes separate from each other during gamete formation so that each sperm or egg gets only one unit of each pair.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Genes for different traits located on the same chromosome are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genes for different traits located on the...

Question 8

A couple is planning to have a child. The female is a carrier for hemophilia; the male does not have hemophilia. What is the chance that a female child will never develop hemophilia?

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  33% 
D)  50% 
E)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  33% 
D)  50% 
E)  100%

Question 9

________ testing refers to the analysis of an individual's genetic material to determine predisposition to a particular health condition.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ testing refers to the analysis of...

Question 10

The inheritance of a trait that is determined by many genes acting together is ________ inheritance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The inheritance of a trait that is...

Question 11

If alleles for the same gene are different in the same person, that individual is heterozygous for the trait.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Which one of the following syndromes results in an individual with a nearly normal female phenotype and a tendency to develop mild mental retardation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Trisomy-X syndrome 
B)  Klinefelter syndrome 
C)  Double-Y syndrome 
D)  Turner syndrome 
E)  Trisomy-Y syndrome 
A)  Trisomy-X syndrome 
B)  Klinefelter syndrome 
C)  Double-Y syndrome 
D)  Turner syndrome 
E)  Trisomy-Y syndrome

Question 13

In 2008 the U.S. Congress passed GINA, an act that prevents insurance companies from

Accepted Answer

A)  requiring genetic testing for potential policy holders with a family history of certain types of genetic disorders 
B)  raising the rates of insurance premiums or denying coverage to people who have a pre-diagnosed health condition 
C)  increasing insurance costs for healthy individuals based on the results of genetic testing 
D)  denying insurance coverage to any U.S. citizen 
E)  refusing to pay for genetic screening of a fetus of a couple considered high risk for certain types of genetic diseases 
A)  requiring genetic testing for potential policy holders with a family history of certain types of genetic disorders 
B)  raising the rates of insurance premiums or denying coverage to people who have a pre-diagnosed health condition 
C)  increasing insurance costs for healthy individuals based on the results of genetic testing 
D)  denying insurance coverage to any U.S. citizen 
E)  refusing to pay for genetic screening of a fetus of a couple considered high risk for certain types of genetic diseases

Question 14

According to Mendel's law of ________, genes of a gene pair separate from one another during the formation of gametes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Mendel's law of ________, genes...

Question 15

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding an individual who has inherited one sickle-cell gene and one normal gene for hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  The individual will develop sickle-cell anemia. 
B)  The individual will produce only abnormal hemoglobin. 
C)  The individual is more likely to resist malaria than an individual with two normal genes for hemoglobin. 
D)  The individual will most likely die before the age of 10 from complications associated with abnormal white blood cells. 
E)  The individual has the homozygous recessive genotype for this trait. 
A)  The individual will develop sickle-cell anemia. 
B)  The individual will produce only abnormal hemoglobin. 
C)  The individual is more likely to resist malaria than an individual with two normal genes for hemoglobin. 
D)  The individual will most likely die before the age of 10 from complications associated with abnormal white blood cells. 
E)  The individual has the homozygous recessive genotype for this trait.

Question 16

The offspring resulting from a cross between a nearly white horse (cc) and a chestnut-colored horse (CC) is of an intermediate color (between white and chestnut). Which one of the following patterns of inheritance best explains this?

Accepted Answer

A)  complete dominance 
B)  codominance 
C)  sex-linked 
D)  polygenic inheritance 
E)  incomplete dominance 
A)  complete dominance 
B)  codominance 
C)  sex-linked 
D)  polygenic inheritance 
E)  incomplete dominance

Question 17

Polygenic inheritance depends on gene products from multiple genes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder. Assume that a mother is a carrier and a father is color-blind. What is the chance that their son will inherit red-green color blindness?

Accepted Answer

A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100% 
A)  0% 
B)  25% 
C)  50% 
D)  75% 
E)  100%

Question 19

Alterations in chromosome number can occur with any chromosome, but most alterations are not seen in human populations because

Accepted Answer

A)  the phenotype is homozygous recessive 
B)  the phenotype is expressed in a continuous range in a given population and thus does not stand out 
C)  they are lethal during fetal development 
D)  most are corrected during the first mitotic event in the fertilized egg 
E)  the genotype still represents a normal condition 
A)  the phenotype is homozygous recessive 
B)  the phenotype is expressed in a continuous range in a given population and thus does not stand out 
C)  they are lethal during fetal development 
D)  most are corrected during the first mitotic event in the fertilized egg 
E)  the genotype still represents a normal condition

Question 20

Identify the mode of inheritance for each of the following traits.
A) incomplete dominance
B) codominance
C) nondisjunction
D) sex-influenced trait
E) polygenic inheritance
F) X-linked inheritance
G) inheritance of a dominant-lethal allele
1) Huntington disease
2) red-green color blindness
3) baldness
4) AB blood type
5) Down syndrome
6) straight vs. curly vs. wavy hair in humans
7) human eye color

Accepted Answer

1) G 2) F

Exam 19: Genetics and Inheritance

Alleles are alternative versions of chromosomes.

A father is blood type B and a mother is blood type A. They have a child with blood type O. What are the genotypes of the father and mother?

A person born with Edwards syndrome has a genotypic condition identified as

The law of segregation states that

A(n) ________ occurs when a piece of chromosome breaks off or is lost.

Mendel's law of independent assortment states that genes separate from each other during gamete formation so that each sperm or egg gets only one unit of each pair.

Genes for different traits located on the same chromosome are called ________.

A couple is planning to have a child. The female is a carrier for hemophilia; the male does not have hemophilia. What is the chance that a female child will never develop hemophilia?

________ testing refers to the analysis of an individual's genetic material to determine predisposition to a particular health condition.

The inheritance of a trait that is determined by many genes acting together is ________ inheritance.

If alleles for the same gene are different in the same person, that individual is heterozygous for the trait.

Which one of the following syndromes results in an individual with a nearly normal female phenotype and a tendency to develop mild mental retardation?

In 2008 the U.S. Congress passed GINA, an act that prevents insurance companies from

According to Mendel's law of ________, genes of a gene pair separate from one another during the formation of gametes.

Which one of the following is TRUE regarding an individual who has inherited one sickle-cell gene and one normal gene for hemoglobin?

The offspring resulting from a cross between a nearly white horse (cc) and a chestnut-colored horse (CC) is of an intermediate color (between white and chestnut). Which one of the following patterns of inheritance best explains this?

Polygenic inheritance depends on gene products from multiple genes.

Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive disorder. Assume that a mother is a carrier and a father is color-blind. What is the chance that their son will inherit red-green color blindness?

Alterations in chromosome number can occur with any chromosome, but most alterations are not seen in human populations because

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