Question 1

The still-face reaction

Accepted Answer

A)  occurs when communication is between an infant and a still-faced doll. 
B)  does not occur in nonindustrialized countries. 
C)  occurs only when natural human communication is disrupted. 
D)  is a learned response to a caregiver's ambiguous communication. 
A)  occurs when communication is between an infant and a still-faced doll. 
B)  does not occur in nonindustrialized countries. 
C)  occurs only when natural human communication is disrupted. 
D)  is a learned response to a caregiver's ambiguous communication.

Question 2

__________ mothers spend much time in physical contact with their babies and rarely leave them in others' care.

Accepted Answer

A)  Dogon 
B)  Israeli kibbutz 
C)  German 
D)  Japanese 
A)  Dogon 
B)  Israeli kibbutz 
C)  German 
D)  Japanese

Question 3

Two-year-old Jonathan asks his father to read him a story before leaving him with a babysitter. According to Bowlby's theory of attachment, Jonathan is in the __________ phase.

Accepted Answer

A)  preattachment 
B)  "attachment-in-the-making" 
C)  "clear-cut" attachment 
D)  reciprocal relationship 
A)  preattachment 
B)  "attachment-in-the-making" 
C)  "clear-cut" attachment 
D)  reciprocal relationship

Question 4

Bao, a 10-year-old growing up in China, is more likely to list __________ as a fear than children of a similar age in the United States.

Accepted Answer

A)  adult criticism 
B)  the possibility of war 
C)  the possibility of natural disasters 
D)  threats to parental health 
A)  adult criticism 
B)  the possibility of war 
C)  the possibility of natural disasters 
D)  threats to parental health

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true about postpartum depression?

Accepted Answer

A)  About 3 to 5 percent of fathers report symptoms after the birth of a child. 
B)  It subsides as the new mother adjusts to hormonal changes in her body. 
C)  It subsides as the new mother gains confidence in caring for her baby. 
D)  It is common and does not interfere with children's development. 
A)  About 3 to 5 percent of fathers report symptoms after the birth of a child. 
B)  It subsides as the new mother adjusts to hormonal changes in her body. 
C)  It subsides as the new mother gains confidence in caring for her baby. 
D)  It is common and does not interfere with children's development.

Question 6

Twin comparisons reveal that the heritability of attachment is

Accepted Answer

A)  virtually nil. 
B)  low to moderate. 
C)  moderate to high. 
D)  very high. 
A)  virtually nil. 
B)  low to moderate. 
C)  moderate to high. 
D)  very high.

Question 7

The psychological traits that make up temperament are believed to form the cornerstone of

Accepted Answer

A)  adult maturity. 
B)  the adult personality. 
C)  relationship stability. 
D)  attachment security. 
A)  adult maturity. 
B)  the adult personality. 
C)  relationship stability. 
D)  attachment security.

Question 8

Compared with infants who display __________ attachment, __________ babies tend to receive overstimulating care.

Accepted Answer

A)  secure; resistant 
B)  avoidant; securely attached 
C)  secure; avoidant 
D)  resistant; disorganized/disoriented 
A)  secure; resistant 
B)  avoidant; securely attached 
C)  secure; avoidant 
D)  resistant; disorganized/disoriented

Question 9

Which of the following explains the marked differences in temperament between Asian and Caucasian-American babies?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural variations in infant feeding 
B)  heredity 
C)  different beliefs about harsh discipline 
D)  different cultural beliefs and practices 
A)  cultural variations in infant feeding 
B)  heredity 
C)  different beliefs about harsh discipline 
D)  different cultural beliefs and practices

Question 10

A secure attachment in infancy

Accepted Answer

A)  guarantees continued good parenting. 
B)  launches the parent-child relationship on a positive path that is likely to continue. 
C)  causes improved cognitive, emotional, and social competence in later years. 
D)  is weakly linked to poor adjustment in adolescence. 
A)  guarantees continued good parenting. 
B)  launches the parent-child relationship on a positive path that is likely to continue. 
C)  causes improved cognitive, emotional, and social competence in later years. 
D)  is weakly linked to poor adjustment in adolescence.

Question 11

In a 2003 comparison of the temperaments of Russian and U.S. babies, Russian infants were

Accepted Answer

A)  more emotionally positive. 
B)  more upset when frustrated. 
C)  less fearful. 
D)  less irritable. 
A)  more emotionally positive. 
B)  more upset when frustrated. 
C)  less fearful. 
D)  less irritable.

Question 12

John Bowlby's theory of attachment was inspired by studies of

Accepted Answer

A)  imprinting. 
B)  drive reduction. 
C)  scaffolding. 
D)  social referencing. 
A)  imprinting. 
B)  drive reduction. 
C)  scaffolding. 
D)  social referencing.

Question 13

In a study of children reared in extremely depleted Romanian orphanages, the longer they remained in the orphanages, the

Accepted Answer

A)  higher their IQ scores. 
B)  more resilient they became to environmental stressors. 
C)  higher their cortisol levels. 
D)  lower their cortisol levels. 
A)  higher their IQ scores. 
B)  more resilient they became to environmental stressors. 
C)  higher their cortisol levels. 
D)  lower their cortisol levels.

Question 14

Three-month-old Tara displays excitement when she first reaches for and grabs a rattle. This excitement shows that Tara is developing

Accepted Answer

A)  fine-motor skills. 
B)  self-conscious emotions. 
C)  a sense of self-efficacy. 
D)  basic emotions. 
A)  fine-motor skills. 
B)  self-conscious emotions. 
C)  a sense of self-efficacy. 
D)  basic emotions.

Question 15

According to the dynamic systems perspective,

Accepted Answer

A)  children coordinate separate skills into more effective, emotionally expressive systems as the central nervous system develops. 
B)  children's goals and experiences have only a minimal impact on emotional development. 
C)  emotions become clear, well-organized signals by adolescence. 
D)  infants come into the world with a repertoire of basic and self-conscious emotions. 
A)  children coordinate separate skills into more effective, emotionally expressive systems as the central nervous system develops. 
B)  children's goals and experiences have only a minimal impact on emotional development. 
C)  emotions become clear, well-organized signals by adolescence. 
D)  infants come into the world with a repertoire of basic and self-conscious emotions.

Question 16

German babies are more likely than American babies to display a(n) __________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

A)  resistant 
B)  avoidant 
C)  secure 
D)  disorganized/disoriented 
A)  resistant 
B)  avoidant 
C)  secure 
D)  disorganized/disoriented

Question 17

Dr. Padin refers to one of his patients in terms of early-appearing, stable individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation. Dr. Padin is referring to his patient's

Accepted Answer

A)  temperament. 
B)  maturity level. 
C)  personality. 
D)  attachment. 
A)  temperament. 
B)  maturity level. 
C)  personality. 
D)  attachment.

Question 18

Emotional self-regulation requires

Accepted Answer

A)  an understanding of basic emotions. 
B)  voluntary, effortful management of emotions. 
C)  a sense of self-efficacy. 
D)  an easygoing temperament. 
A)  an understanding of basic emotions. 
B)  voluntary, effortful management of emotions. 
C)  a sense of self-efficacy. 
D)  an easygoing temperament.

Question 19

Which of the following children would be upset upon hearing her parents argue, but would most likely try to hide her emotions from them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mira, who is a Buddhist 
B)  Suddhira, who is a Hindu 
C)  Christina, who is a Catholic 
D)  Pearl, who is an atheist 
A)  Mira, who is a Buddhist 
B)  Suddhira, who is a Hindu 
C)  Christina, who is a Catholic 
D)  Pearl, who is an atheist

Question 20

Donna's young daughter, Cali, is terribly afraid of cats. Donna can help Cali manage her fear by

Accepted Answer

A)  encouraging daily contact with kittens to alleviate her fear. 
B)  showing Cali how small a cat is compared to humans, and tell her she should not be afraid of something so small. 
C)  letting Cali approach cats at her own pace, showing her that cats can be friendly when treated gently. 
D)  accepting her fear and helping her to avoid cats whenever possible. 
A)  encouraging daily contact with kittens to alleviate her fear. 
B)  showing Cali how small a cat is compared to humans, and tell her she should not be afraid of something so small. 
C)  letting Cali approach cats at her own pace, showing her that cats can be friendly when treated gently. 
D)  accepting her fear and helping her to avoid cats whenever possible.

The still-face reaction

__________ mothers spend much time in physical contact with their babies and rarely leave them in others' care.

Two-year-old Jonathan asks his father to read him a story before leaving him with a babysitter. According to Bowlby's theory of attachment, Jonathan is in the __________ phase.

Bao, a 10-year-old growing up in China, is more likely to list __________ as a fear than children of a similar age in the United States.

Which of the following statements is true about postpartum depression?

Twin comparisons reveal that the heritability of attachment is

The psychological traits that make up temperament are believed to form the cornerstone of

Compared with infants who display attachment, babies tend to receive overstimulating care.

Which of the following explains the marked differences in temperament between Asian and Caucasian-American babies?

A secure attachment in infancy

In a 2003 comparison of the temperaments of Russian and U.S. babies, Russian infants were

John Bowlby's theory of attachment was inspired by studies of

In a study of children reared in extremely depleted Romanian orphanages, the longer they remained in the orphanages, the

Three-month-old Tara displays excitement when she first reaches for and grabs a rattle. This excitement shows that Tara is developing

According to the dynamic systems perspective,

German babies are more likely than American babies to display a(n) __________ attachment style.

Dr. Padin refers to one of his patients in terms of early-appearing, stable individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation. Dr. Padin is referring to his patient's

Emotional self-regulation requires

Which of the following children would be upset upon hearing her parents argue, but would most likely try to hide her emotions from them?

Donna's young daughter, Cali, is terribly afraid of cats. Donna can help Cali manage her fear by

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Exam 10: Emotional Development

The still-face reaction

__________ mothers spend much time in physical contact with their babies and rarely leave them in others' care.

Two-year-old Jonathan asks his father to read him a story before leaving him with a babysitter. According to Bowlby's theory of attachment, Jonathan is in the __________ phase.

Bao, a 10-year-old growing up in China, is more likely to list __________ as a fear than children of a similar age in the United States.

Which of the following statements is true about postpartum depression?

Twin comparisons reveal that the heritability of attachment is

The psychological traits that make up temperament are believed to form the cornerstone of

Compared with infants who display __________ attachment, __________ babies tend to receive overstimulating care.

Which of the following explains the marked differences in temperament between Asian and Caucasian-American babies?

A secure attachment in infancy

In a 2003 comparison of the temperaments of Russian and U.S. babies, Russian infants were

John Bowlby's theory of attachment was inspired by studies of

In a study of children reared in extremely depleted Romanian orphanages, the longer they remained in the orphanages, the

Three-month-old Tara displays excitement when she first reaches for and grabs a rattle. This excitement shows that Tara is developing

According to the dynamic systems perspective,

German babies are more likely than American babies to display a(n) __________ attachment style.

Dr. Padin refers to one of his patients in terms of early-appearing, stable individual differences in reactivity and self-regulation. Dr. Padin is referring to his patient's

Emotional self-regulation requires

Which of the following children would be upset upon hearing her parents argue, but would most likely try to hide her emotions from them?

Donna's young daughter, Cali, is terribly afraid of cats. Donna can help Cali manage her fear by

History, Theory, and Applied Directions

Research Strategies

Biological Foundations, Prenatal Development, and Birth

Infancy: Early Learning, Motor Skills, and Perceptual Capacities

Physical Growth

Cognitive Development: Piagetian, Core Knowledge, and Vygotskian Perspectives

Cognitive Development: an Information-Processing Perspective

Intelligence

Language Development

Self and Social Understanding

Moral Development

Development of Sex Differences and Gender Roles

The Family

Peers, Media, and Schooling

Filters

Compared with infants who display attachment, babies tend to receive overstimulating care.