Exam 1: The Study of Human Development

A researcher has a hypothesis that hostility toward women is created by viewing pornography. If the researcher does an experiment to test this, what would be the independent variable?

An advantage of cross-sectional studies is that they cannot be influenced by cohort effects.

What is the correct order of Piaget's stages of development?

Dr. Fletcher is attempting to determine whether adult criminals were rule breakers throughout their childhood, or whether they suddenly turned to a life of crime. Her research is most concerned with which issue of human development?

Salem has decided to do a correlational study on the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. How might this research be conducted? What are the major disadvantages of this type of research approach?

Which statement is not consistent with ethical research?

Connie is a second-grade teacher who notices that her students behave differently than the fourth-graders during recess. She comes up with several connected ideas to explain why the two groups behave differently. Connie's ideas would best be described as ____________.

The basic premise of _____ is that the consequences of a behavior determine the likelihood of the behavior being repeated in the future.

Shuntelle is interested in studying the relationship between self-esteem and school grades. She wants to be able to quantify this relationship but wants to avoid any ethical concerns regarding the manipulation of these variables. What sort of method is the best option for Shuntelle?

The fact that hope is important in early childhood, that development of identity is most important in adolescence, and that wisdom is most important in late life is an example of

Results from individual research participants should be

After completing his history assignment, Nico is excused from having to wash the dishes, a task he detests. Nico's parents are attempting to use _________ to increase Nico's studying.

The AIDS epidemic has dramatically influenced dating behavior in the 2000s. From an ecological perspective, this influence is best thought of as part of the culture's

When Kayla says "It doesn't matter if they are French, Swedish, or Chinese, kids are kids," she is espousing a ____ position concerning human development.

The fact that a teen growing up during the Vietnam War will develop in a different manner than a teen growing up during the Iraq War is best explained in terms of

Smita studies two different cohorts over a 50-year period, testing each subject every five years. Smita is using a ____ design.

A new developmental theory of personality emerges that states that adult personality is markedly different from personality in childhood, is completely determined by the environment, and develops pretty much the same across cultures. Describe the three recurring issues in human development and where this new theory stands in relationship to these three issues.

Two developmental psychologists are discussing the factors that are important in explaining one's behavior. One is a proponent of operant conditioning, and the other supports a social learning approach. Select a famous person and describe one way these two psychologists may agree and one way they may disagree in their explanation of the celebrity's behavior.

When Dr. Bentley is asked to explain troubled adolescents, she says, "The only way to explain the problems of adolescents is to study them in relation to their parents and the culture that surrounds them." Dr. Bentley is most likely a proponent of ____ theory.

A(n) _____ is a consequence that decreases the future likelihood of the behavior that it follows.