Chat with AIExam 3: Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby
Which statement about certified nurse-midwives in the U.S. is true?
(27) 
VerifiedB
Terrance, whose birth mother drank heavily throughout pregnancy, has a thin upper lip, short eyelid openings, a small head, and a smooth philtrum. His physical growth has been slow, and he shows impairment in memory, attention span, motor coordination, and social skills. Terrance has __________.
(43) VerifiedA
What is kangaroo care? How is it used to foster development in preterm newborns?
(43) VerifiedKangaroo care involves placing the infant in a vertical position between the mother's breasts or next to the father's chest (under the parent's clothing) so the parent's body functions as a human incubator. In developing countries where hospitalization is not always possible, skin-to-skin kangaroo care is the most readily available intervention for promoting the recovery of preterm babies.
Kangaroo skin-to-skin contact fosters improved oxygenation of the baby's body, temperature regulation, sleep, breastfeeding, alertness, and infant survival. Mothers and fathers practicing it feel more confident about caring for their fragile babies, interact more sensitively and affectionately, and feel more attached to them.
Together, these factors may explain why preterm babies given many hours of kangaroo care in their early weeks, compared with those given little or no such care, develop more favorably during the first year and beyond. In one investigation that followed children born preterm until age 10, those who had experienced kangaroo care, compared with matched controls, displayed a more adaptive cortisol stress response, better organized sleep, more favorable mother‒child interaction, and enhanced cognitive development. Because of its diverse benefits, most U.S. hospital nurseries now offer kangaroo care to parents and preterm newborns.
A combined Apgar score of __________ indicates that the infant is in good physical condition.
(32) The best-known effect of smoking during the prenatal period is __________.
(33) Baby Azeez's limb movements are gentle. He stirs occasionally, and facial grimacing occurs. Although his eyelids are closed, occasional rapid eye movements can be seen beneath them. Azeez is most likely in which state?
(36) An ovum bursts from one of a woman's two __________ and is drawn into one of two __________.
(37) Before the late 1800s, childbirth in Western nations usually took place __________.
(33) Pregnant women are wise to avoid eating __________, which are heavily contaminated with __________.
(33) What are polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)? How do they affect prenatal development?
(23) When Baby Ian is held horizontally on his back, he sometimes makes an "embracing" motion by arching his back, extending his legs, throwing his arms outward, and then bringing his arms in toward his body. Ian is demonstrating the __________.
(35) __________ is the best available predictor of infant survival and healthy development.
(36) __________ supplementation early in pregnancy reduces the risk of abnormalities of the neural tube.
(40) Recent evidence suggests that paternal alcohol use around the time of conception __________.
(39) 
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