Question 1

An intelligence quotient (IQ) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cannot be used to determine whether a child is ahead, behind, or on time in average mental development 
B)  rarely fluctuates between toddlerhood and adolescence or between adolescence and adulthood 
C)  is expressed as the ratio of an individual's chronological age to his or her mental age 
D)  indicates the extent to which the raw score deviates from the typical performance of same-age individuals 
A)  cannot be used to determine whether a child is ahead, behind, or on time in average mental development 
B)  rarely fluctuates between toddlerhood and adolescence or between adolescence and adulthood 
C)  is expressed as the ratio of an individual's chronological age to his or her mental age 
D)  indicates the extent to which the raw score deviates from the typical performance of same-age individuals D

Question 2

When intelligence tests are standardized, the mean IQ is set at __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  70 
B)  85 
C)  100 
D)  120 
A)  70 
B)  85 
C)  100 
D)  120 C

Question 3

__________ believed that complex mental activities have their origins in social interaction.

Accepted Answer

A)  Jean Piaget 
B)  Renée Baillargeon 
C)  Noam Chomsky 
D)  Lev Vygotsky 
A)  Jean Piaget 
B)  Renée Baillargeon 
C)  Noam Chomsky 
D)  Lev Vygotsky D

Question 4

Dr. Takenaki believes that an inherited foundation of linguistic knowledge enables swift language acquisition in early childhood. She also argues that infants' early orientation toward people initiates rapid development of psychological knowledge. Dr. Takenaki is probably a(n) __________ theorist.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive-developmental 
B)  core knowledge 
C)  information-processing 
D)  sociocultural 
A)  cognitive-developmental 
B)  core knowledge 
C)  information-processing 
D)  sociocultural

Question 5

In a series of studies using the violation-of-expectation method, Renée Baillargeon and her collaborators claimed to have found evidence for __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  mental representations in babies between 6 and 12 months of age 
B)  mental representations in babies between 12 and 15 months of age 
C)  object permanence in the first few months of life 
D)  tertiary circular reactions in the first few months of life 
A)  mental representations in babies between 6 and 12 months of age 
B)  mental representations in babies between 12 and 15 months of age 
C)  object permanence in the first few months of life 
D)  tertiary circular reactions in the first few months of life

Question 6

According to Vygotsky, children master activities through __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  joint activities with more mature members of their society 
B)  interaction with the physical environment 
C)  operant conditioning and modeling 
D)  trial and error 
A)  joint activities with more mature members of their society 
B)  interaction with the physical environment 
C)  operant conditioning and modeling 
D)  trial and error

Question 7

According to Piaget, adaptation involves __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  creating new schemes 
B)  using our current schemes to interpret the external world 
C)  building schemes through direct interaction with the environment 
D)  adjusting old schemes after noticing that our current ways of thinking are not working 
A)  creating new schemes 
B)  using our current schemes to interpret the external world 
C)  building schemes through direct interaction with the environment 
D)  adjusting old schemes after noticing that our current ways of thinking are not working

Question 8

Research consistently shows that infants and young children exposed to __________ child care score lower on measures of __________ skills during the preschool, elementary, and secondary school years.

Accepted Answer

A)  full-time; social, language, and academic 
B)  poor-quality; cognitive, language, academic, and social 
C)  developmentally appropriate; cognitive, emotional, and social 
D)  part-time; emotional, cognitive, social, and language 
A)  full-time; social, language, and academic 
B)  poor-quality; cognitive, language, academic, and social 
C)  developmentally appropriate; cognitive, emotional, and social 
D)  part-time; emotional, cognitive, social, and language

Question 9

Piaget believed that infants and toddlers __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  carry out many activities inside their heads 
B)  "think" with their eyes, ears, and hands 
C)  assimilate more than they accommodate 
D)  are incapable of constructing schemes 
A)  carry out many activities inside their heads 
B)  "think" with their eyes, ears, and hands 
C)  assimilate more than they accommodate 
D)  are incapable of constructing schemes

Question 10

__________ can be thought of as a "mental workspace" that we use to accomplish many activities in daily life.

Accepted Answer

A)  Automatic processing 
B)  Sustained attention 
C)  Working memory 
D)  The sensory register 
A)  Automatic processing 
B)  Sustained attention 
C)  Working memory 
D)  The sensory register

Question 11

Dr. Smirnov is interested in measuring infant intelligence as a predictor of preschool mental test performance. He should use __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a standard adult IQ test 
B)  an older version of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 
C)  the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment 
D)  the Bayley-III Cognitive and Language Scales 
A)  a standard adult IQ test 
B)  an older version of the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 
C)  the Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment 
D)  the Bayley-III Cognitive and Language Scales

Question 12

__________ are so well-learned that they require no space in working memory and, therefore, permit us to focus on other information while performing them.

Accepted Answer

A)  Executive functions 
B)  Sensory processes 
C)  Permanent functions 
D)  Automatic processes 
A)  Executive functions 
B)  Sensory processes 
C)  Permanent functions 
D)  Automatic processes

Question 13

Baby Andrew accidentally kicked his mobile, producing music. Andrew then repeatedly kicked his leg to repeat the effect, gradually forming a new kicking scheme. Andrew was in which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 14

During times of rapid cognitive change, children __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  are in a state of disequilibrium 
B)  assimilate more than they accommodate 
C)  are likely to construct inefficient schemes 
D)  balance assimilation and accommodation 
A)  are in a state of disequilibrium 
B)  assimilate more than they accommodate 
C)  are likely to construct inefficient schemes 
D)  balance assimilation and accommodation

Question 15

In the information-processing system, information first enters the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  central executive 
B)  short-term memory store 
C)  sensory register 
D)  long-term memory store 
A)  central executive 
B)  short-term memory store 
C)  sensory register 
D)  long-term memory store

Question 16

Which word is most likely to be among an English-speaking toddler's first 50 words?

Accepted Answer

A)  ball 
B)  table 
C)  vase 
D)  lamp 
A)  ball 
B)  table 
C)  vase 
D)  lamp

Question 17

Between 18 and 24 months, toddlers gain __________ words per __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  one to two; day 
B)  one to two; week 
C)  three to four; week 
D)  five to six; month 
A)  one to two; day 
B)  one to two; week 
C)  three to four; week 
D)  five to six; month

Question 18

Six-month-old baby Greer says "bababababa." This is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  babbling 
B)  cooing 
C)  an overextension 
D)  an underextension 
A)  babbling 
B)  cooing 
C)  an overextension 
D)  an underextension

Question 19

Baby Olivia dropped her rattle. Later, she let go of her teething ring and watched with interest. When Olivia dropped objects, she was __________ them to her sensorimotor dropping scheme.

Accepted Answer

A)  accommodating 
B)  equalizing 
C)  organizing 
D)  assimilating 
A)  accommodating 
B)  equalizing 
C)  organizing 
D)  assimilating

Question 20

Miranda says "more apple." This two-word utterance is an example of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  an underextension 
B)  babbling 
C)  telegraphic speech 
D)  a referential style 
A)  an underextension 
B)  babbling 
C)  telegraphic speech 
D)  a referential style

An intelligence quotient (IQ) __________.

When intelligence tests are standardized, the mean IQ is set at __________.

__________ believed that complex mental activities have their origins in social interaction.

Dr. Takenaki believes that an inherited foundation of linguistic knowledge enables swift language acquisition in early childhood. She also argues that infants' early orientation toward people initiates rapid development of psychological knowledge. Dr. Takenaki is probably a(n) __________ theorist.

In a series of studies using the violation-of-expectation method, Renée Baillargeon and her collaborators claimed to have found evidence for __________.

According to Vygotsky, children master activities through __________.

According to Piaget, adaptation involves __________.

Research consistently shows that infants and young children exposed to child care score lower on measures of skills during the preschool, elementary, and secondary school years.

Piaget believed that infants and toddlers __________.

__________ can be thought of as a "mental workspace" that we use to accomplish many activities in daily life.

Dr. Smirnov is interested in measuring infant intelligence as a predictor of preschool mental test performance. He should use __________.

__________ are so well-learned that they require no space in working memory and, therefore, permit us to focus on other information while performing them.

Baby Andrew accidentally kicked his mobile, producing music. Andrew then repeatedly kicked his leg to repeat the effect, gradually forming a new kicking scheme. Andrew was in which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages?

During times of rapid cognitive change, children __________.

In the information-processing system, information first enters the __________.

Which word is most likely to be among an English-speaking toddler's first 50 words?

Between 18 and 24 months, toddlers gain words per .

Six-month-old baby Greer says "bababababa." This is an example of __________.

Baby Olivia dropped her rattle. Later, she let go of her teething ring and watched with interest. When Olivia dropped objects, she was __________ them to her sensorimotor dropping scheme.

Miranda says "more apple." This two-word utterance is an example of __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 5: Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

An intelligence quotient (IQ) __________.

When intelligence tests are standardized, the mean IQ is set at __________.

__________ believed that complex mental activities have their origins in social interaction.

Dr. Takenaki believes that an inherited foundation of linguistic knowledge enables swift language acquisition in early childhood. She also argues that infants' early orientation toward people initiates rapid development of psychological knowledge. Dr. Takenaki is probably a(n) __________ theorist.

In a series of studies using the violation-of-expectation method, Renée Baillargeon and her collaborators claimed to have found evidence for __________.

According to Vygotsky, children master activities through __________.

According to Piaget, adaptation involves __________.

Research consistently shows that infants and young children exposed to __________ child care score lower on measures of __________ skills during the preschool, elementary, and secondary school years.

Piaget believed that infants and toddlers __________.

__________ can be thought of as a "mental workspace" that we use to accomplish many activities in daily life.

Dr. Smirnov is interested in measuring infant intelligence as a predictor of preschool mental test performance. He should use __________.

__________ are so well-learned that they require no space in working memory and, therefore, permit us to focus on other information while performing them.

Baby Andrew accidentally kicked his mobile, producing music. Andrew then repeatedly kicked his leg to repeat the effect, gradually forming a new kicking scheme. Andrew was in which of Piaget's sensorimotor substages?

During times of rapid cognitive change, children __________.

In the information-processing system, information first enters the __________.

Which word is most likely to be among an English-speaking toddler's first 50 words?

Between 18 and 24 months, toddlers gain __________ words per __________.

Six-month-old baby Greer says "bababababa." This is an example of __________.

Baby Olivia dropped her rattle. Later, she let go of her teething ring and watched with interest. When Olivia dropped objects, she was __________ them to her sensorimotor dropping scheme.

Miranda says "more apple." This two-word utterance is an example of __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Research consistently shows that infants and young children exposed to child care score lower on measures of skills during the preschool, elementary, and secondary school years.

Between 18 and 24 months, toddlers gain words per .