Question 1

Discuss the concept of gerotranscendence.

Accepted Answer

Erik Erikson's widow Joan Erikson suggested that the attainments of ego differentiation, body transcendence, and ego transcendence in late adulthood actually represent development beyond ego integrity (which requires satisfaction with one's past life) to an additional psychosocial stage that she calls gerotranscendence-a cosmic and transcendent perspective directed beyond the self to affinity with past and future generations and oneness with the universe. Drawing on her own experience of aging, her observations of her husband's final years, and the work of others, Joan Erikson speculated that success in attaining gerotranscendence is apparent in heightened inner calm and contentment and additional time spent in quiet reflection. But more research is needed to confirm the existence of a distinct, transcendent late-life stage. Beyond getting older, major negative life events, such as declines in health or financial difficulties, are associated with reports of cosmic, gerotranscendent reflections. This suggests that inner contemplation is one means older adults use to adapt to stressful, unchangeable circumstances. Furthermore, besides focusing more intently on life's meaning, many of the very old continue to report investments in the real world-strengthening bonds with intimate partners and friends, keeping up with current events, and engaging in leisure, volunteer, and career pursuits.

Question 2

Which statement is true about Experience Corps?

Accepted Answer

A)  While outcomes for older adults are impressive, the program has little impact on reading achievement scores. 
B)  Volunteers show changes in fMRI brain activity that coincide with gains in executive function. 
C)  Volunteers show mild decreases in size of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, centrally involved in memory. 
D)  Schools where children received tutoring and mentoring show no reduction in disruptive classroom behavior. 
A)  While outcomes for older adults are impressive, the program has little impact on reading achievement scores. 
B)  Volunteers show changes in fMRI brain activity that coincide with gains in executive function. 
C)  Volunteers show mild decreases in size of the cerebral cortex and hippocampus, centrally involved in memory. 
D)  Schools where children received tutoring and mentoring show no reduction in disruptive classroom behavior. B

Question 3

Never-married, childless men are more likely than women to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain good physical health 
B)  have favorable mental health 
C)  feel lonely and depressed 
D)  maintain a healthy lifestyle 
A)  maintain good physical health 
B)  have favorable mental health 
C)  feel lonely and depressed 
D)  maintain a healthy lifestyle C

Question 4

Which statement is true about lesbian and gay partnerships in late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Unlike heterosexual couples, few report happy, highly fulfilling relationships in late adulthood. 
B)  Compared with same-sex couples not in a legally recognized relationship, sexual minority couples who are married are advantaged in physical and psychological well-being. 
C)  Unlike their heterosexual counterparts, sexual minority older couples rate their physical and mental health less favorably than their single lesbian and gay agemates. 
D)  A lifetime of coping with an oppressive social environment may have weakened lesbian and gay couples' skills at managing late-life physical and cognitive changes. 
A)  Unlike heterosexual couples, few report happy, highly fulfilling relationships in late adulthood. 
B)  Compared with same-sex couples not in a legally recognized relationship, sexual minority couples who are married are advantaged in physical and psychological well-being. 
C)  Unlike their heterosexual counterparts, sexual minority older couples rate their physical and mental health less favorably than their single lesbian and gay agemates. 
D)  A lifetime of coping with an oppressive social environment may have weakened lesbian and gay couples' skills at managing late-life physical and cognitive changes.

Question 5

Which statement is true about the volunteer activities of aging adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Men volunteer more often than women. 
B)  Of those older adults who volunteer, over half give 200 or more hours per year. 
C)  About 10 percent of older adults in industrialized nations report volunteering. 
D)  Time spent volunteering usually begins to decline by age 60. 
A)  Men volunteer more often than women. 
B)  Of those older adults who volunteer, over half give 200 or more hours per year. 
C)  About 10 percent of older adults in industrialized nations report volunteering. 
D)  Time spent volunteering usually begins to decline by age 60.

Question 6

Which older adult is more likely to be involved in both organized and informal religious activities?

Accepted Answer

A)  Andres, a high-SES European American 
B)  Melanie, a middle-SES European American 
C)  Merlene, a high-SES African American 
D)  Jarrod, a low-SES African American 
A)  Andres, a high-SES European American 
B)  Melanie, a middle-SES European American 
C)  Merlene, a high-SES African American 
D)  Jarrod, a low-SES African American

Question 7

Divorce among people age 65 and older has __________ over the past three decades.

Accepted Answer

A)  decreased significantly 
B)  stayed steady 
C)  doubled 
D)  quadrupled 
A)  decreased significantly 
B)  stayed steady 
C)  doubled 
D)  quadrupled

Question 8

Contemporary older people view retirement as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a time of opportunity and personal growth 
B)  a time of high stress and low satisfaction 
C)  the first transition toward the end of life 
D)  a loss of personal control over life events 
A)  a time of opportunity and personal growth 
B)  a time of high stress and low satisfaction 
C)  the first transition toward the end of life 
D)  a loss of personal control over life events

Question 9

Ethel, age 65, and Raymond, age 72, cohabit. If they are typical of cohabiting older adults, which statement is most likely true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have plans to marry at some point in the future. 
B)  They are as satisfied with their partnered lives as are their married counterparts. 
C)  They are less likely than cohabiting younger adults to have a stable relationship. 
D)  They are more likely than older adults who remarry to have settled for one another. 
A)  They have plans to marry at some point in the future. 
B)  They are as satisfied with their partnered lives as are their married counterparts. 
C)  They are less likely than cohabiting younger adults to have a stable relationship. 
D)  They are more likely than older adults who remarry to have settled for one another.

Question 10

Forrest lives in a Green House-style nursing home. Compared with a traditional nursing home resident, Forrest will probably __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  experience a quicker physical decline 
B)  report a substantially better quality of life 
C)  interact less often with other residents 
D)  have less control over his daily schedule 
A)  experience a quicker physical decline 
B)  report a substantially better quality of life 
C)  interact less often with other residents 
D)  have less control over his daily schedule

Question 11

Contemporary older people in industrialized nations are largely __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  focused on living in the past 
B)  biased toward negative emotions 
C)  present- and future-oriented 
D)  focused on the nearness of death 
A)  focused on living in the past 
B)  biased toward negative emotions 
C)  present- and future-oriented 
D)  focused on the nearness of death

Question 12

Which statement is true about sex differences in religious involvement and spirituality in late adulthood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Women are more likely than men to engage in religious activities. 
B)  Men are more likely than women to say that religion is very important to them. 
C)  Men and women are equally likely to turn to religion for social support. 
D)  Men are more likely than women to engage in a personal quest for connectedness with a higher power. 
A)  Women are more likely than men to engage in religious activities. 
B)  Men are more likely than women to say that religion is very important to them. 
C)  Men and women are equally likely to turn to religion for social support. 
D)  Men are more likely than women to engage in a personal quest for connectedness with a higher power.

Question 13

Carmen, age 82, lives with her son Lance, who regularly fails to fulfill needed caregiving obligations. As a result, Carmen often lacks medication, fails to eat meals, and feels isolated. Carmen is a victim of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  physical neglect 
B)  physical abuse 
C)  emotional abuse 
D)  financial abuse 
A)  physical neglect 
B)  physical abuse 
C)  emotional abuse 
D)  financial abuse

Question 14

According to Robert Peck, __________ involves affirming self-worth through family, friendships, or community life for those who invested heavily in their careers.

Accepted Answer

A)  ego differentiation 
B)  body differentiation 
C)  ego transcendence 
D)  body transcendence 
A)  ego differentiation 
B)  body differentiation 
C)  ego transcendence 
D)  body transcendence

Question 15

Describe two highly predictable, complementary behavior patterns involving control versus dependency that people interacting with older adults often fall into.

Accepted Answer

Observations of people interacting with

Question 16

Older adults who are high in __________ tend to cope poorly with stressful events and are at risk for health problems.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  extroversion 
D)  openness to experience 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  extroversion 
D)  openness to experience

Question 17

Overwhelmed, Monica abandoned her frail, disabled grandmother in the waiting area of a hospital emergency room. Monica's act is referred to in the media as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  granny dumping 
B)  elder squatting 
C)  senior bumping 
D)  patient leaving 
A)  granny dumping 
B)  elder squatting 
C)  senior bumping 
D)  patient leaving

Question 18

Marion, age 78, has come to terms with life despite its imperfections. She has become increasingly generous, acquiescent, and good-natured. Marion shows gains in __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  neuroticism 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  extroversion 
D)  openness to experience 
A)  neuroticism 
B)  agreeableness 
C)  extroversion 
D)  openness to experience

Question 19

Which statement is true about late-life friendships?

Accepted Answer

A)  Friendships decrease in importance in late adulthood. 
B)  Older adults report more favorable experiences with friends than with family members. 
C)  Late-life friendships rely little on spontaneity, openness, mutual caring, or common interests. 
D)  In late adulthood, friends rarely share pleasurable leisure activities. 
A)  Friendships decrease in importance in late adulthood. 
B)  Older adults report more favorable experiences with friends than with family members. 
C)  Late-life friendships rely little on spontaneity, openness, mutual caring, or common interests. 
D)  In late adulthood, friends rarely share pleasurable leisure activities.

Question 20

The chances of suicide are elevated when a sick older person __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is socially isolated 
B)  lives with family members 
C)  uses emotion-centered coping 
D)  has personal control over daily life 
A)  is socially isolated 
B)  lives with family members 
C)  uses emotion-centered coping 
D)  has personal control over daily life

Discuss the concept of gerotranscendence.

Which statement is true about Experience Corps?

Never-married, childless men are more likely than women to __________.

Which statement is true about lesbian and gay partnerships in late adulthood?

Which statement is true about the volunteer activities of aging adults?

Which older adult is more likely to be involved in both organized and informal religious activities?

Divorce among people age 65 and older has __________ over the past three decades.

Contemporary older people view retirement as __________.

Ethel, age 65, and Raymond, age 72, cohabit. If they are typical of cohabiting older adults, which statement is most likely true?

Forrest lives in a Green House-style nursing home. Compared with a traditional nursing home resident, Forrest will probably __________.

Contemporary older people in industrialized nations are largely __________.

Which statement is true about sex differences in religious involvement and spirituality in late adulthood?

Carmen, age 82, lives with her son Lance, who regularly fails to fulfill needed caregiving obligations. As a result, Carmen often lacks medication, fails to eat meals, and feels isolated. Carmen is a victim of __________.

According to Robert Peck, __________ involves affirming self-worth through family, friendships, or community life for those who invested heavily in their careers.

Describe two highly predictable, complementary behavior patterns involving control versus dependency that people interacting with older adults often fall into.

Older adults who are high in __________ tend to cope poorly with stressful events and are at risk for health problems.

Overwhelmed, Monica abandoned her frail, disabled grandmother in the waiting area of a hospital emergency room. Monica's act is referred to in the media as __________.

Marion, age 78, has come to terms with life despite its imperfections. She has become increasingly generous, acquiescent, and good-natured. Marion shows gains in __________.

Which statement is true about late-life friendships?

The chances of suicide are elevated when a sick older person __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters

Exam 18: Emotional and Social Development in Late Adulthood

Discuss the concept of gerotranscendence.

Which statement is true about Experience Corps?

Never-married, childless men are more likely than women to __________.

Which statement is true about lesbian and gay partnerships in late adulthood?

Which statement is true about the volunteer activities of aging adults?

Which older adult is more likely to be involved in both organized and informal religious activities?

Divorce among people age 65 and older has __________ over the past three decades.

Contemporary older people view retirement as __________.

Ethel, age 65, and Raymond, age 72, cohabit. If they are typical of cohabiting older adults, which statement is most likely true?

Forrest lives in a Green House-style nursing home. Compared with a traditional nursing home resident, Forrest will probably __________.

Contemporary older people in industrialized nations are largely __________.

Which statement is true about sex differences in religious involvement and spirituality in late adulthood?

Carmen, age 82, lives with her son Lance, who regularly fails to fulfill needed caregiving obligations. As a result, Carmen often lacks medication, fails to eat meals, and feels isolated. Carmen is a victim of __________.

According to Robert Peck, __________ involves affirming self-worth through family, friendships, or community life for those who invested heavily in their careers.

Describe two highly predictable, complementary behavior patterns involving control versus dependency that people interacting with older adults often fall into.

Older adults who are high in __________ tend to cope poorly with stressful events and are at risk for health problems.

Overwhelmed, Monica abandoned her frail, disabled grandmother in the waiting area of a hospital emergency room. Monica's act is referred to in the media as __________.

Marion, age 78, has come to terms with life despite its imperfections. She has become increasingly generous, acquiescent, and good-natured. Marion shows gains in __________.

Which statement is true about late-life friendships?

The chances of suicide are elevated when a sick older person __________.

History, Theory, and Research Strategies

Genetic and Environmental Foundations

Prenatal Development, Birth, and the Newborn Baby

Physical Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Cognitive Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Emotional and Social Development in Infancy and Toddlerhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Childhood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Childhood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Adolescence

Emotional and Social Development in Adolescence

Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Early Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Middle Adulthood

Emotional and Social Development in Middle Adulthood

Physical and Cognitive Development in Late Adulthood

Death, Dying, and Bereavement

Filters