Exam 4: The Chemistry of Behavior: Neurotransmitters and Neuropharmacology

Explain, with examples, how both legal and illegal psychoactive drugs can affect conscious experiences.

Muscarinic receptors are

Two _______ opioids are_______-enkephalin and leu-enkephalin.

The drug "Ecstasy," or MDMA, is a hallucinogenic form of _______.

When activated extracellularly, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCrs) initiate

The _______ of drug molecules (or other ligand) refers to their propensity to bind to receptors.

Summarize at least four pharmacological therapies that have been proposed as treatments for drug dependency, noting the mode of action of each.

Which chemical is not a monoamine neurotransmitter?

The neurologist Otto Loewi's pivotal discovery was that neurotransmitters communicate via _______ signaling.

What are the three classes of antidepressant medications, and how do they alter transmitter function?

Cocaine was initially used as a(n)

List the amino acid and amine neurotransmitters

Drugs that mimic GABA_A receptors might be effective in treating

Which chemical is a pure compound extracted from poppies?

Caffeine exerts its action by _______ presynaptic adenosine receptors, which _______the amount of neurotransmitter released.

Identify three ways drugs can affect presynaptic transmitter release (Note: focus on transmitter release, not transmitter production or clearance).

Explain the positive reward model of drug abuse. What evidence supports this model of addiction?

A patient in the hospital requires anti-nausea medication. Which procedure would provide the most rapid route of administration?

Outline the major classes of antipsychotic drugs and describe how they interact with transmitter systems.

Which neurotransmitter/neuromodulator has not been shown to be affected by MDMA ("Ecstasy")?