Exam 7: Introduction to the Endocrine System

Carl is suffering from hypothyroidism.What is hypothyroidism? How could his physician determine whether the malfunction is in the hypothalamus and pituitary or at the level of the gland itself?

A cell's or tissue's response to a hormone primarily depends on ________ and ________.

What are two benefits of having a portal system that connects the hypothalamus with the anterior pituitary gland? Are there any other endocrine axes connected by a portal system?

How does the embryological origin of the two distinct parts of the pituitary gland relate to the control of secretion and the types of hormones produced?

Chemical signals released into the blood by neurons are called ________.

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth and metabolism in many tissues is

Match each term with the appropriate description. -lipophobic molecule that interacts with receptors on cell surface

The ________ of a hormone is an indicator of how long a hormone is active in the body.

The sex hormones that regulate the male and female reproductive organs are collectively called ________.

The inner portion of the adrenal gland is called the ________.

What normally stops hormone action, and why is this important?

The signal molecule produced by one animal that may affect the behavior of another animal of the same species is the ________.

Hormones acting through signal transduction pathways elicit a ________ response compared to hormones that produce genomic effects.

The adrenal cortex produces a steroid hormone called ________ that controls Na⁺ and K⁺ homeostasis and another steroid hormone called ________ that controls blood glucose levels.

List the three types of hormone interactions and provide an example of each.

The term for two hormones that have additive effects is ________.