Question 1

​Retrograde transmitters ____.

Accepted Answer

A) are produced in the axon terminals 
B) inhibit the postsynaptic cell​ 
C) are broken down before they are released​ 
D) are released by the postsynaptic cell​ 
A) are produced in the axon terminals 
B) inhibit the postsynaptic cell​ 
C) are broken down before they are released​ 
D) are released by the postsynaptic cell​

Question 2

​What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?

Accepted Answer

A) He used poor surgical methods. 
B) Not all memories are physiologically the same.​ 
C) The engram is continually changing location in the cortex.​ 
D) Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.​ 
A) He used poor surgical methods. 
B) Not all memories are physiologically the same.​ 
C) The engram is continually changing location in the cortex.​ 
D) Classical conditioning had not been discovered yet.​

Question 3

​Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments.Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation.The salivation to the sound in this experiment was the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) unconditioned stimulus 
B) unconditioned response​ 
C) conditioned stimulus​ 
D) conditioned response​ 
A) unconditioned stimulus 
B) unconditioned response​ 
C) conditioned stimulus​ 
D) conditioned response​

Question 4

​Describe how habituation is demonstrated in memory research on invertebrates?

Accepted Answer

​Habituation is a decrease in response t

Question 5

​Following a certain kind of experience in Aplysia,a facilitating interneuron causes changes that block the potassium channels at the end of the axon of the sensory neuron,leading to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) sensitization 
B) ​accommodation 
C) ​habituation 
D) neuronal 
A) sensitization 
B) ​accommodation 
C) ​habituation 
D) neuronal

Question 6

​Procedural memory deals with the ability to state a memory in words.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

​Lashley's term "engram" refers to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) a drug that facilitates learning 
B) the physical representation of learning​ 
C) a procedure that improved memory​ 
D) an automatic response to a sensory stimulus​ 
A) a drug that facilitates learning 
B) the physical representation of learning​ 
C) a procedure that improved memory​ 
D) an automatic response to a sensory stimulus​

Question 8

​The UCR and the CR are always the same.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

​A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris water maze because it ____.

Accepted Answer

A) loses its motivation to find the platform 
B) cannot remember how to swim​ 
C) has difficulty remembering where the platform is from trial to trial​ 
D) develops a water phobia​ 
A) loses its motivation to find the platform 
B) cannot remember how to swim​ 
C) has difficulty remembering where the platform is from trial to trial​ 
D) develops a water phobia​

Question 10

​Research on Aplysia shows us that at least one physiological basis for learning involves which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) changes in RNA molecules 
B) ​presynaptic changes 
C) ​increased dendrite branching 
D) changes in glia 
A) changes in RNA molecules 
B) ​presynaptic changes 
C) ​increased dendrite branching 
D) changes in glia

Question 11

​Parts of the ____ are important for learning about rewards and punishments.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) fornix​ 
C) prefrontal cortex​ 
D) temporal cortex​ 
A) hypothalamus 
B) fornix​ 
C) prefrontal cortex​ 
D) temporal cortex​

Question 12

​Damage to the ____ impairs performance on the delayed matching-to-sample and delayed nonmatching-to-sample tasks.

Accepted Answer

A) hypothalamus 
B) ​thalamus 
C) ​hippocampus 
D) parietal cortex 
A) hypothalamus 
B) ​thalamus 
C) ​hippocampus 
D) parietal cortex

Question 13

​Describe the difference between declarative and procedural memory.

Accepted Answer

Explicit memory,or declarative memory,is

Question 14

​What is the primary cause of Korsakoff's syndrome and what is one of its most distinctive symptoms?

Accepted Answer

Korsakoff 's syndrome,also known as Wern

Question 15

​One line of research that initially appeared promising,but has since faded,was to study learning in decapitated ____.

Accepted Answer

A) fish 
B) rats​ 
C) monkeys​ 
D) cockroaches​ 
A) fish 
B) rats​ 
C) monkeys​ 
D) cockroaches​

Question 16

​Describe the role of the basal ganglia in memory function.

Accepted Answer

The basal ganglia:
Integrates informatio

Question 17

​Lashley found that when he removed parts of the brain ____.

Accepted Answer

A) only the removal of frontal lobe tissue disrupted performance 
B) only the removal of parietal lobe tissue disrupted performance​ 
C) the amount of tissue removed was more important than its location​ 
D) he found no loss of memories at all​ 
A) only the removal of frontal lobe tissue disrupted performance 
B) only the removal of parietal lobe tissue disrupted performance​ 
C) the amount of tissue removed was more important than its location​ 
D) he found no loss of memories at all​

Question 18

​Most Korsakoff's victims have a loss or shrinkage of neurons throughout the brain,especially in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) cingulate gyrus 
B) occipital lobe​ 
C) dorsomedial thalamus​ 
D) cerebellum​ 
A) cingulate gyrus 
B) occipital lobe​ 
C) dorsomedial thalamus​ 
D) cerebellum​

Question 19

​Information in short term memory is lost more easily than that in long term memory.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

​The hippocampus is especially important for which kind of memory?

Accepted Answer

A) procedural 
B) episodic​ 
C) short-term​ 
D) implicit​ 
A) procedural 
B) episodic​ 
C) short-term​ 
D) implicit​

Retrograde transmitters ____.

What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?

Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments.Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation.The salivation to the sound in this experiment was the ____.

Describe how habituation is demonstrated in memory research on invertebrates?

Following a certain kind of experience in Aplysia,a facilitating interneuron causes changes that block the potassium channels at the end of the axon of the sensory neuron,leading to ____.

Procedural memory deals with the ability to state a memory in words.

Lashley's term "engram" refers to ____.

The UCR and the CR are always the same.

A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris water maze because it ____.

Research on Aplysia shows us that at least one physiological basis for learning involves which of the following?

Parts of the ____ are important for learning about rewards and punishments.

Damage to the ____ impairs performance on the delayed matching-to-sample and delayed nonmatching-to-sample tasks.

Describe the difference between declarative and procedural memory.

What is the primary cause of Korsakoff's syndrome and what is one of its most distinctive symptoms?

One line of research that initially appeared promising,but has since faded,was to study learning in decapitated ____.

Describe the role of the basal ganglia in memory function.

Lashley found that when he removed parts of the brain ____.

Most Korsakoff's victims have a loss or shrinkage of neurons throughout the brain,especially in the ____.

Information in short term memory is lost more easily than that in long term memory.

The hippocampus is especially important for which kind of memory?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Exam 12: The Biology of Learning and Memory

​Retrograde transmitters ____.

​What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?

​Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments.Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation.The salivation to the sound in this experiment was the ____.

​Describe how habituation is demonstrated in memory research on invertebrates?

​Following a certain kind of experience in Aplysia,a facilitating interneuron causes changes that block the potassium channels at the end of the axon of the sensory neuron,leading to ____.

​Procedural memory deals with the ability to state a memory in words.

​Lashley's term "engram" refers to ____.

​The UCR and the CR are always the same.

​A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris water maze because it ____.

​Research on Aplysia shows us that at least one physiological basis for learning involves which of the following?

​Parts of the ____ are important for learning about rewards and punishments.

​Damage to the ____ impairs performance on the delayed matching-to-sample and delayed nonmatching-to-sample tasks.

​Describe the difference between declarative and procedural memory.

​What is the primary cause of Korsakoff's syndrome and what is one of its most distinctive symptoms?

​One line of research that initially appeared promising,but has since faded,was to study learning in decapitated ____.

​Describe the role of the basal ganglia in memory function.

​Lashley found that when he removed parts of the brain ____.

​Most Korsakoff's victims have a loss or shrinkage of neurons throughout the brain,especially in the ____.

​Information in short term memory is lost more easily than that in long term memory.

​The hippocampus is especially important for which kind of memory?

Nerve Cells and Nerve Impulses

Synapses

Anatomy and Research Methods

Genetics, evolution, development, and Plasticity

Vision

Other Sensory Systems

Movement

Wakefulness and Sleep

Internal Regulation

Reproductive Behaviors

Emotional Behaviors

Cognitive Functions

Psychological Disorders

Appendix A: Brief, basic Chemistry

Filters

Retrograde transmitters ____.

What is one explanation for why Lashley failed at finding the engram?

Pavlov presented a sound followed by meat in his experiments.Gradually the sound came to elicit salivation.The salivation to the sound in this experiment was the ____.

Describe how habituation is demonstrated in memory research on invertebrates?

Following a certain kind of experience in Aplysia,a facilitating interneuron causes changes that block the potassium channels at the end of the axon of the sensory neuron,leading to ____.

Procedural memory deals with the ability to state a memory in words.

Lashley's term "engram" refers to ____.

The UCR and the CR are always the same.

A rat with hippocampal damage has difficulty with the Morris water maze because it ____.

Research on Aplysia shows us that at least one physiological basis for learning involves which of the following?

Parts of the ____ are important for learning about rewards and punishments.

Damage to the ____ impairs performance on the delayed matching-to-sample and delayed nonmatching-to-sample tasks.

Describe the difference between declarative and procedural memory.

What is the primary cause of Korsakoff's syndrome and what is one of its most distinctive symptoms?

One line of research that initially appeared promising,but has since faded,was to study learning in decapitated ____.

Describe the role of the basal ganglia in memory function.

Lashley found that when he removed parts of the brain ____.

Most Korsakoff's victims have a loss or shrinkage of neurons throughout the brain,especially in the ____.

Information in short term memory is lost more easily than that in long term memory.

The hippocampus is especially important for which kind of memory?