Exam 8: Learning

According to research, when a baby sees that he can get a big smile from his mother when he smiles at her, he is likely to smile more often. The mother's smile in response to the infant's is a(n) ________.

In Pavlov's classical conditioning research, what was the automatic response?

________ can be defined as the addition of a stimulus that decreases a behavior.

Which of the following statements is true regarding continuous reinforcement?

Drake teaches his three-year-old daughter, Sarah, how to sharpen a pencil. The next day, Sarah successfully sharpens her pencils. This scenario is an example of ________.

Tracy was bitten by her neighbor's dog, and now she will not go near any household pets. This is an example of ________.

For every pizza he delivers on time, Matthew gets a reward point. Matthew's delivery time is being reinforced according to a ________.

Identify an example of positive reinforcement.

A(n) ________ is a previously neutral input that an organism learns to associate with an unconditioned stimulus.

Money, grades, and peer approval are ________ reinforcers.

Workers who are paid for the number of units they produce are reinforced on a ________.

Tamara's mom repeatedly told her to clean her shoes on the doormat before entering the house. As Tamara refused to comply, her mother revoked her playtime privileges. This led Tamara to stop entering the house with dirty shoes. In this scenario, Tamar's mother used ________.

A tap just below your kneecap will cause your leg to jerk forth. This is an example of a(n) ________.

________ is defined as the rapid and innate learning of the characteristics of a caregiver within a very short period of time after birth.

The two types of conditioning are ________.

________ reinforcers are learned by association, usually via classical conditioning.

The ________ refers to a period in learning when a particular type of learning occurs very readily if an animal is exposed to a particular stimulus or situation.

When Ivan Pavlov accidentally discovered classical conditioning, a simple association was formed between

Albert Bandura called learning by watching the behavior of others ________.

Whenever Julia gets ready for school on time, she gets a chocolate from her mother. Hence, Julia always tries to get ready on time. This is an example of ________ type of learning.