Exam 8: Learning

As a child, Paul was bitten by a spider and thereafter developed an intense phobia of them. In an effort to cure Paul's phobia, a psychologist gradually exposed him to spiders. After many sessions of having nonthreatening experiences with spiders, Paul's phobia was cured. This is an example of ________.

John B. Watson and Rosalie Rayner's experiment with Little Albert showed that ________.

Frank teaches his nine-year-old son how to make scrambled eggs. The next day, his son successfully makes scrambled eggs for himself. This scenario exemplifies ________.

Which of the following statements best describes John Watson's belief in the power of conditioning?

Smoking can cause the arousal of the sympathetic nervous system and mild relaxation of the muscles. From a learning perspective these are considered ________.

A(n) ________ is defined as any internal or external event that increases the frequency of a behavior.

In Pavlov's classical conditioning experiment, he presented the sound of a bell along with meat powder to his dogs. After several trials, the dogs learned to salivate to the sound of the bell in the absence of the meat powder. If Pavlov's dogs did not salivate to a buzzer but only to a bell, then this phenomenon would be an example of ________.

Bandura's famous studies incorporating a Bobo doll were powerful in that they demonstrated which of the following?

Jenny sees that her mom smokes a cigarette to relax whenever she gets stressed, so she thinks that it will work for her too. This is an example of ________.

Donald once accidentally fell into a swimming pool and almost drowned. After that incident, he developed an intense phobia of water and refused to go near swimming pools. In an effort to treat Donald's phobia, a psychologist gradually motivated him to go near swimming pools. After many sessions of having nonthreatening experiences of being in water, Donald overcame his phobia. This scenario exemplifies ________.

Which of the following statements is true regarding imprinting?

Conditioning is a form of ________ learning in which behaviors are triggered by associations with events in the environment.

Every time Mary does well on her assignments, her teacher gives her a candy. This is an example of ________.

________ decrease the frequency of behavior.

Jiao, who is 13 years old, watches videos of several teen music idols smoking cigarettes and thinks that all "cool" people smoke. Therefore, she begins to smoke. This is an example of ________.

Nathan, a teenager, learns how to change the tires of his bike by watching his father do it. This is an example of ________.

Giving extra credit points for turning in homework on time increases the likelihood that students will submit their assignments on time. This is an example of ________.

Which of the following is true with respect to Albert Bandura's social learning theory?

Buddy knows that when his owner Sally picks up his leash, she is likely to take him for a walk. Therefore, he runs to the door. Sally started ringing a bell just before picking up Buddy's leash for a few days. She presented the bell along with the leash to Buddy over and over again; Buddy ran to the door. Then she tried presenting the bell alone to see if Buddy might now link the bell with the leash. From the bell alone, Buddy ran to the door. Learning theorists would say that Buddy is ________.

Mice that live in enriched laboratory environments show growth in which of the following brain regions?