Question 1

Only correct theories are capable of prompting additional research or hypotheses about a topic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Why might a human have an electrode inserted into his/her brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  to correct damage from a stroke 
B)  to artificially excite neurons that are not activated due to Parkinson's disease 
C)  to damage abnormal connections from epilepsy 
D)  to provide neurochemical treatments directly to neurons 
A)  to correct damage from a stroke 
B)  to artificially excite neurons that are not activated due to Parkinson's disease 
C)  to damage abnormal connections from epilepsy 
D)  to provide neurochemical treatments directly to neurons

Question 3

Which of the following is a potential confound in twin studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fraternal twins share fewer genes than identical twins. 
B)  Both identical and fraternal twins share prenatal environments. 
C)  Identical twins, because they look the same, may have a more similar postnatal environment than fraternal twins. 
D)  Genes only account for part of fraternal twins' similarities. 
A)  Fraternal twins share fewer genes than identical twins. 
B)  Both identical and fraternal twins share prenatal environments. 
C)  Identical twins, because they look the same, may have a more similar postnatal environment than fraternal twins. 
D)  Genes only account for part of fraternal twins' similarities.

Question 4

Define the ethical principle of informed consent and explain how that is a concern in both Albert Ax's study and modern gene-editing research.

Accepted Answer

Informed consent protects human particip

Question 5

Which gene editing technique involves an enzyme-cutting DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)  antisense RNA 
B)  viral vectors 
C)  ALD 
D)  CRISPR 
A)  antisense RNA 
B)  viral vectors 
C)  ALD 
D)  CRISPR

Question 6

What function do flawed theories have in science?

Accepted Answer

A)  Flawed theories only create problems in science. 
B)  Flawed theories disrupt the process of observation. 
C)  Flawed theories encourage further observations. 
D)  Flawed theories prove that science is not better than logic. 
A)  Flawed theories only create problems in science. 
B)  Flawed theories disrupt the process of observation. 
C)  Flawed theories encourage further observations. 
D)  Flawed theories prove that science is not better than logic.

Question 7

Which of the following brain imaging techniques has the best temporal resolution?

Accepted Answer

A)  fMRI 
B)  PET 
C)  CT 
D)  MRI 
A)  fMRI 
B)  PET 
C)  CT 
D)  MRI

Question 8

Which brain stimulation technique involves the use of light-sensitive channels?

Accepted Answer

A)  optogenetics 
B)  EEG 
C)  evoked potentials 
D)  microelectrode stimulation 
A)  optogenetics 
B)  EEG 
C)  evoked potentials 
D)  microelectrode stimulation

Question 9

Light microscopy allows for magnification up to approximately 1,500 times, while electron microscopy can magnify up to ______ times.

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000,000 
B)  250,000 
C)  500,000 
D)  1,000 
A)  1,000,000 
B)  250,000 
C)  500,000 
D)  1,000

Question 10

Mutations of the Mbd3 gene have allowed which of the following to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  more mature cells to be turned into induced pluripotent stem cells 
B)  reduced use of induced pluripotent stem cells 
C)  stem cells migrating to unexpected parts of the body 
D)  death of patients treated with stem cell therapy 
A)  more mature cells to be turned into induced pluripotent stem cells 
B)  reduced use of induced pluripotent stem cells 
C)  stem cells migrating to unexpected parts of the body 
D)  death of patients treated with stem cell therapy

Question 11

Katherine wants to examine the cells that are active when a pigeon performs a memory task. If she can successfully label the cells, which microscope can she use to see labeled cells in intact pigeons?

Accepted Answer

A)  two-photon microscope 
B)  light microscope 
C)  scanning electron microscope 
D)  transmission electron microscope 
A)  two-photon microscope 
B)  light microscope 
C)  scanning electron microscope 
D)  transmission electron microscope

Question 12

What is one disadvantage of MRI as a brain imaging technique?

Accepted Answer

A)  It can only image structures on the surface of the brain. 
B)  It is an invasive technique. 
C)  It can only detect hydrogen in the brain. 
D)  It is requires expensive equipment. 
A)  It can only image structures on the surface of the brain. 
B)  It is an invasive technique. 
C)  It can only detect hydrogen in the brain. 
D)  It is requires expensive equipment.

Question 13

Which of the following is true of gene transfer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Genes cannot be transferred into embryos. 
B)  Transgenic animals cannot be created using embryos. 
C)  Inserting a gene into an embryo will result in new genes in all the cells of the body. 
D)  It is the process that creates a transgenic animal. 
A)  Genes cannot be transferred into embryos. 
B)  Transgenic animals cannot be created using embryos. 
C)  Inserting a gene into an embryo will result in new genes in all the cells of the body. 
D)  It is the process that creates a transgenic animal.

Question 14

Extracting stem cells destroys the embryo; this has caused major controversy and led to limitation of the use of stem cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true regarding animal research?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is not necessary to pay attention to the quality of housing of animals as long as they have food and water. 
B)  Almost every medical advance in the twentieth century has come from the study of laboratory animals. 
C)  Animals, but not humans, are protected by research regulations. 
D)  Human participants, but not animal subjects, are protected by research regulations. 
A)  It is not necessary to pay attention to the quality of housing of animals as long as they have food and water. 
B)  Almost every medical advance in the twentieth century has come from the study of laboratory animals. 
C)  Animals, but not humans, are protected by research regulations. 
D)  Human participants, but not animal subjects, are protected by research regulations.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is the best justification for brain lesion studies?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lesion studies are low-technology procedures that do not present ethical concerns. 
B)  Brain lesions produce marked and consistent changes in behavior. 
C)  Damage to the human brain during "natural experiments" does not provide enough information to make conclusions about the function of specific areas. 
D)  Ablation studies occur under more controlled conditions than do brain lesions. 
A)  Lesion studies are low-technology procedures that do not present ethical concerns. 
B)  Brain lesions produce marked and consistent changes in behavior. 
C)  Damage to the human brain during "natural experiments" does not provide enough information to make conclusions about the function of specific areas. 
D)  Ablation studies occur under more controlled conditions than do brain lesions.

Question 17

Adoption studies of intelligence suggest that ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  both genetics and environment contribute to intelligence 
B)  genetic factors are the sole determinant of intelligence 
C)  family environment more strongly determines intelligence than genetics 
D)  children tend to be adopted into different environments than their biological parents have 
A)  both genetics and environment contribute to intelligence 
B)  genetic factors are the sole determinant of intelligence 
C)  family environment more strongly determines intelligence than genetics 
D)  children tend to be adopted into different environments than their biological parents have

Question 18

Optogenetic channels can be created in the brain using ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  microelectrodes to provide electrical stimulation 
B)  cannula to introduce neurochemicals 
C)  light 
D)  genes from bacteria 
A)  microelectrodes to provide electrical stimulation 
B)  cannula to introduce neurochemicals 
C)  light 
D)  genes from bacteria

Question 19

The death of ______ was responsible for making the public more aware of the potential dangers of gene therapy.

Accepted Answer

A)  Jesse Gelsinger 
B)  Albert Ax 
C)  Arvid Carlsson 
D)  Jennifer Doudna 
A)  Jesse Gelsinger 
B)  Albert Ax 
C)  Arvid Carlsson 
D)  Jennifer Doudna

Question 20

Transcranial direct current stimulation could improve memory by increasing ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  connections between brain areas 
B)  the number of neurotransmitters in a brain area 
C)  the blood flow to a brain area 
D)  the oxygen consumption of a brain area 
A)  connections between brain areas 
B)  the number of neurotransmitters in a brain area 
C)  the blood flow to a brain area 
D)  the oxygen consumption of a brain area

Only correct theories are capable of prompting additional research or hypotheses about a topic.

Why might a human have an electrode inserted into his/her brain?

Which of the following is a potential confound in twin studies?

Define the ethical principle of informed consent and explain how that is a concern in both Albert Ax's study and modern gene-editing research.

Which gene editing technique involves an enzyme-cutting DNA?

What function do flawed theories have in science?

Which of the following brain imaging techniques has the best temporal resolution?

Which brain stimulation technique involves the use of light-sensitive channels?

Light microscopy allows for magnification up to approximately 1,500 times, while electron microscopy can magnify up to ______ times.

Mutations of the Mbd3 gene have allowed which of the following to occur?

Katherine wants to examine the cells that are active when a pigeon performs a memory task. If she can successfully label the cells, which microscope can she use to see labeled cells in intact pigeons?

What is one disadvantage of MRI as a brain imaging technique?

Which of the following is true of gene transfer?

Extracting stem cells destroys the embryo; this has caused major controversy and led to limitation of the use of stem cells.

Which of the following statements is true regarding animal research?

Which of the following statements is the best justification for brain lesion studies?

Adoption studies of intelligence suggest that ______.

Optogenetic channels can be created in the brain using ______.

The death of ______ was responsible for making the public more aware of the potential dangers of gene therapy.

Transcranial direct current stimulation could improve memory by increasing ______.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Communication Within the Nervous System

The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System

Drugs, Addiction, and Reward

Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States

The Biology of Sex and Gender

Emotion and Health

Hearing and Language

Vision and Visual Perception

The Body Senses and Movement

Learning and Memory

Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning

Psychological Disorders

Sleep and Consciousness

Filters

Exam 4: The Methods and Ethics of Research

Only correct theories are capable of prompting additional research or hypotheses about a topic.

Why might a human have an electrode inserted into his/her brain?

Which of the following is a potential confound in twin studies?

Define the ethical principle of informed consent and explain how that is a concern in both Albert Ax's study and modern gene-editing research.

Which gene editing technique involves an enzyme-cutting DNA?

What function do flawed theories have in science?

Which of the following brain imaging techniques has the best temporal resolution?

Which brain stimulation technique involves the use of light-sensitive channels?

Light microscopy allows for magnification up to approximately 1,500 times, while electron microscopy can magnify up to ______ times.

Mutations of the Mbd3 gene have allowed which of the following to occur?

Katherine wants to examine the cells that are active when a pigeon performs a memory task. If she can successfully label the cells, which microscope can she use to see labeled cells in intact pigeons?

What is one disadvantage of MRI as a brain imaging technique?

Which of the following is true of gene transfer?

Extracting stem cells destroys the embryo; this has caused major controversy and led to limitation of the use of stem cells.

Which of the following statements is true regarding animal research?

Which of the following statements is the best justification for brain lesion studies?

Adoption studies of intelligence suggest that ______.

Optogenetic channels can be created in the brain using ______.

The death of ______ was responsible for making the public more aware of the potential dangers of gene therapy.

Transcranial direct current stimulation could improve memory by increasing ______.

What Is Behavioral Neuroscience

Communication Within the Nervous System

The Organization and Functions of the Nervous System

Drugs, Addiction, and Reward

Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States

The Biology of Sex and Gender

Emotion and Health

Hearing and Language

Vision and Visual Perception

The Body Senses and Movement

Learning and Memory

Intelligence and Cognitive Functioning

Psychological Disorders

Sleep and Consciousness

Filters