Question 1

Without telomeres, what would happen to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes during replication?

Accepted Answer

A)  they would be replicated just like the rest of the chromosome 
B)  they would be mutated 
C)  they would be lengthened 
D)  they would be shortened 
E)  none of the above 
A)  they would be replicated just like the rest of the chromosome 
B)  they would be mutated 
C)  they would be lengthened 
D)  they would be shortened 
E)  none of the above

Question 2

Which of the following is a potential modification to DNA that can result in a mutation or interfere with replication or transcription?

Accepted Answer

A)  deamination of cytosine to uracil 
B)  oxidation of guanine to 8-oxoguanine 
C)  formation of thymine dimers by reaction with UV light 
D)  reaction with hydroxyl radicals causing DNA strand breaks 
E)  all of the above 
A)  deamination of cytosine to uracil 
B)  oxidation of guanine to 8-oxoguanine 
C)  formation of thymine dimers by reaction with UV light 
D)  reaction with hydroxyl radicals causing DNA strand breaks 
E)  all of the above

Question 3

DNA replication in both E. coli and human require

Accepted Answer

A)  gyrase to assist with clamp loading 
B)  ligase to ligate Okazaki fragments 
C)  flap endonuclease-1 or RNase H to remove primers 
D)  DNA pol III 
E)  none of the above 
A)  gyrase to assist with clamp loading 
B)  ligase to ligate Okazaki fragments 
C)  flap endonuclease-1 or RNase H to remove primers 
D)  DNA pol III 
E)  none of the above

Question 4

What divalent metal ions are typically found in the active site of DNA polymerase?

Accepted Answer

A)  two Zn2+ 
B)  one Zn2+ and one Mg2+ 
C)  two Mg2+ 
D)  one Mg2+ and one Ca2+ 
E)  two Ca2+ 
A)  two Zn2+ 
B)  one Zn2+ and one Mg2+ 
C)  two Mg2+ 
D)  one Mg2+ and one Ca2+ 
E)  two Ca2+

Question 5

Besides the obvious role of keeping DNA in a single strand state, what do single-strand binding proteins do?

Accepted Answer

A)  prevent supercoiling 
B)  protect single strand DNA backbone from nucleases 
C)  aid in the formation of hairpin structures 
D)  aid DNA polymerase with DNA binding 
E)  all of the above 
A)  prevent supercoiling 
B)  protect single strand DNA backbone from nucleases 
C)  aid in the formation of hairpin structures 
D)  aid DNA polymerase with DNA binding 
E)  all of the above

Question 6

A common cause of DNA alkylations is

Accepted Answer

A)  UV light 
B)  nitrosamines 
C)  reactive radicals 
D)  topoisomerase inhibitors 
E)  viruses 
A)  UV light 
B)  nitrosamines 
C)  reactive radicals 
D)  topoisomerase inhibitors 
E)  viruses

Question 7

DNA replication in eukaryotes differs from that in prokaryotes in

Accepted Answer

A)  proteins needed to initiate replication 
B)  licensing of sites of origins of replication 
C)  how histones are removed for access to template strands 
D)  the proteins involved in the replication process 
E)  all of the above 
A)  proteins needed to initiate replication 
B)  licensing of sites of origins of replication 
C)  how histones are removed for access to template strands 
D)  the proteins involved in the replication process 
E)  all of the above

Question 8

Which is NOT true of intercalators?

Accepted Answer

A)  They slip between bases of DNA 
B)  They are generally planar molecules, due to their fused-ring structures 
C)  They are hydrophobic 
D)  They interact with DNA through weak, non-covalent interactions 
E)  They can be resolved by nucleotide excision repair 
A)  They slip between bases of DNA 
B)  They are generally planar molecules, due to their fused-ring structures 
C)  They are hydrophobic 
D)  They interact with DNA through weak, non-covalent interactions 
E)  They can be resolved by nucleotide excision repair

Question 9

Direct reversal of pyrimidine dimers in prokaryotic cells is catalyzed by a DNA _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Direct reversal of pyrimidine dimers in prokaryotic...

Question 10

Which of the following is correctly paired with its function?

Accepted Answer

A)  helicase: creates single strand DNA 
B)  primase: production of an RNA primer for DNA polymerase 
C)  RNase H: removal of RNA primer 
D)  DNA ligase: joins the discontinuous segments on the lagging strand 
E)  all of the above 
A)  helicase: creates single strand DNA 
B)  primase: production of an RNA primer for DNA polymerase 
C)  RNase H: removal of RNA primer 
D)  DNA ligase: joins the discontinuous segments on the lagging strand 
E)  all of the above

Question 11

In the human genome, there are approximate 3.3

Accepted Answer

A)  thousand genes 
B)  million genes 
C)  million base pairs 
D)  billion base pairs 
E)  none of the above is correct 
A)  thousand genes 
B)  million genes 
C)  million base pairs 
D)  billion base pairs 
E)  none of the above is correct

Question 12

Which is NOT true of replication licensing

Accepted Answer

A)  It ensures that DNA is replicated only once during a single cell cycle 
B)  It is "canceled" during the S phase of the cell cycle 
C)  It "primes" the origins of replication to bind the replisome 
D)  It is important in prokaryotes 
E)  It is regulated by the cyclin signaling proteins 
A)  It ensures that DNA is replicated only once during a single cell cycle 
B)  It is "canceled" during the S phase of the cell cycle 
C)  It "primes" the origins of replication to bind the replisome 
D)  It is important in prokaryotes 
E)  It is regulated by the cyclin signaling proteins

Question 13

In the nucleus, DNA is wrapped around _____ to form _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes; heterochromatin 
B)  histones; nucleosomes 
C)  polyribose; euchromatin 
D)  polyarginine; 30-nm fibers 
E)  none of the above 
A)  ribosomes; heterochromatin 
B)  histones; nucleosomes 
C)  polyribose; euchromatin 
D)  polyarginine; 30-nm fibers 
E)  none of the above

Question 14

In prokaryotes, Mut proteins

Accepted Answer

A)  recognize and bind to mismatches 
B)  cleaves the newly synthesized strand at the site of a mismatch 
C)  recognizes and binds to alkylated bases 
D)  both (
A)  and (
B)  are correct 
E)  all of the above 
A)  recognize and bind to mismatches 
B)  cleaves the newly synthesized strand at the site of a mismatch 
C)  recognizes and binds to alkylated bases 
D)  both (
A)  and (
B)  are correct 
E)  all of the above

Question 15

What is NOT true of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)?

Accepted Answer

A)  It assists the replisome by holding the polymerase to the template strand 
B)  It increases the processivity of polymerase I 
C)  It associates with Replication factor C (RF
C)  
D)  none of the above is not true 
A)  It assists the replisome by holding the polymerase to the template strand 
B)  It increases the processivity of polymerase I 
C)  It associates with Replication factor C (RF
C)  
D)  none of the above is not true

Question 16

Synthesis of telomeres requires the enzyme _____, which is a type of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  telomerase; helicase 
B)  telomerase; reverse transcriptase 
C)  ribonuclease; RNA-specific nuclease 
D)  ribotelomerase; ligase 
E)  none of the above 
A)  telomerase; helicase 
B)  telomerase; reverse transcriptase 
C)  ribonuclease; RNA-specific nuclease 
D)  ribotelomerase; ligase 
E)  none of the above

Question 17

Class II transposons

Accepted Answer

A)  are also termed retrotransposons 
B)  are single stranded DNA segments 
C)  are "cut and pasted" 
D)  rely on transposases, enzymes that convert cDNA to double stranded DNA prior to
Insertion 
E)  none of the above is correct 
A)  are also termed retrotransposons 
B)  are single stranded DNA segments 
C)  are "cut and pasted" 
D)  rely on transposases, enzymes that convert cDNA to double stranded DNA prior to
Insertion 
E)  none of the above is correct

Question 18

Which strand of DNA is replicated exclusively in a discontinuous fashion?

Accepted Answer

A)  forward strand 
B)  reverse strand 
C)  leading strand 
D)  lagging strand 
E)  the strand that is read in a 5'to 3' direction 
A)  forward strand 
B)  reverse strand 
C)  leading strand 
D)  lagging strand 
E)  the strand that is read in a 5'to 3' direction

Exam 14: Dna Replication, Damage and Repair

Without telomeres, what would happen to the ends of eukaryotic chromosomes during replication?

Which of the following is a potential modification to DNA that can result in a mutation or interfere with replication or transcription?

DNA replication in both E. coli and human require

What divalent metal ions are typically found in the active site of DNA polymerase?

Besides the obvious role of keeping DNA in a single strand state, what do single-strand binding proteins do?

A common cause of DNA alkylations is

DNA replication in eukaryotes differs from that in prokaryotes in

Which is NOT true of intercalators?

Direct reversal of pyrimidine dimers in prokaryotic cells is catalyzed by a DNA _____.

Which of the following is correctly paired with its function?

In the human genome, there are approximate 3.3

Which is NOT true of replication licensing

In the nucleus, DNA is wrapped around _____ to form _____.

In prokaryotes, Mut proteins

What is NOT true of PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)?

Synthesis of telomeres requires the enzyme _____, which is a type of _____.

Class II transposons

Which strand of DNA is replicated exclusively in a discontinuous fashion?

The Chemical Foundations of Biochemistry

Nucleic Acids

Proteins I

Proteins Iienzymes

Membranes and an Introduction to Signal Transduction

Carbohydrates I

The Common Catabolic Pathway

Carbohydrates II

Lipids I

Lipids II

Amine Metabolism

Metabolism Integration

Nucleotide Deoxynucleotide Metabolism

Rna Synthesis

Protein

Control of Gene

Determination of Macromolecular Structure

Allosterism and Receptor-Ligand

Designer Proteins and Protein Folding

Biomolecule Purification

Bioinformatics and Omics

Signal

Protein Trafficking

Photosynthesis Nitrogen

Filters

In the nucleus, DNA is wrapped around _ to form _.

Synthesis of telomeres requires the enzyme _, which is a type of _.