Exam 14: Metabolism

The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach with hydrolysis being catalyzed by ___.

A metabolic pathway in which the final product is also a starting material is defined as a ___ pathway.

Starch digestion is initiated by the enzyme ___.

During oxidative deamination

The digestion of ___ occurs in the small intestine where the large molecules are emulsified by bile and are broken down into ___ before being absorbed into the blood stream.

___ are subcellular organelles that have an outer and an inner membrane used for transport of electrons and molecules.

Is $\beta$ -oxidation spiral catabolism or anabolism?

The oxidation of which of the following provides rapid generation of heat in newborn infants?

Gluconeogenesis is a process by which glucose is produced

The fatty acids produced from the hydrolysis of triglycerides can

If acetyl-CoA concentrations reach too high levels,

Glycogen can be broken down to form glucose 1-phosphate, which is directly involved in glycolysis.

___ molecule of glucose can produce 30-32 ATP during catabolism.

During catabolism, proteins are broken down into amino acids. The amine groups are transferred to an $\beta$ -keto acid by a process known as ___. The amino acids of $\beta$ -keto acids are then converted into ___ before being excreted in urine.

The digestion of ___ takes place in the stomach by the actions of enzymes operating at low pH. This digestion continues in the small intestine and the large molecules are broken down into ___.

Is gluconeogenesis catabolism or anabolism?

The fatty acid synthesis in the body occurs primarily in the cytoplasm.

What is the total yield of ATP obtained when 1 glucose molecule goes through glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

Digestion of ___ begins in the stomach.

The acetyl-CoA from the fatty acid catabolism enters the ___ whereas the reduced coenzymes NADH and FADH₂ enter ___.