Exam 14: Single-N Experiments and Quasi-Experiments

According to the text, the reversal design is superior to the A-B design because it

How does a quasi-experimenter argue that her results reach the equivalence of statistical significance?

Which of the following is something a within-subjects researcher would be much more likely to do than a single-n researcher?

If no subjects dropped out of a pretest-posttest study, one threat to validity that you wouldn't have to worry about is:

Identify the potential threats to validity for the following studies: a. Dr. Grueloff gives her patients a depression inventory shortly after they begin therapy. Then, she gives them caffeine therapy for three months and gives them the inventory again. They score less depressed than when they entered therapy so she concludes that caffeine therapy works. b. Dr. Hardloff matches two groups of patients on initial level of depression and income level. Then, he gives one group caffeine therapy and the other group regular therapy. Three months later, he retests each group and finds that the caffeine group is less depressed. Therefore, he concludes that caffeine therapy is better than regular therapy.

Psychophysical researchers do all the following EXCEPT

According to Cook and Campbell, which of the following do quasi-experiments lack?

In order to rule out the effects of regression in a quasi-experiment, simply select only those participants who have extreme scores.

Distinguish between the single-n design and the quasi-experiment.

Which threat to internal validity is not a threat to the pretest-posttest design?

The strategies of the within-subjects experimenter and the single-n experimenter are most similar when it comes to

In order to establish covariation a researcher will compare the behaviors of the treatment and nontreatment groups once the treatment has been administered.

Which of the following is considered the time-series design's Achilles' heel?

In a multiple baseline design, you can be sure that the treatment caused the behavior change if

Like single-n research, quasi-experiments can keep relevant nontreatment factors from varying.

Which of the following are obstacles to establishing a stable baseline?

Single n designs are useful when

Establishing a stable baseline in a single-n design supports the idea that ____ has been approximated.

In order to establish that a treatment causes an effect, a researcher demonstrate that spuriousness is present.

Which of the following is NOT essential for inferring causality?