Question 1

The variable that is measured in an experiment is called the __________ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  relational 
B)  independent 
C)  causal 
D)  dependent 
E)  confounding 
A)  relational 
B)  independent 
C)  causal 
D)  dependent 
E)  confounding

Question 2

If, after calculating an inferential statistic, we find that the results of our study are NOT statistically significant, we can reasonably conclude that

Accepted Answer

A)  our study contained a major flaw. 
B)  our results may have been due simply to chance. 
C)  we did not ask a research question worth conducting a study on. 
D)  our efforts in conducting the research were not justified by the results we obtained. 
E)  our hypothesis must be incorrect. 
A)  our study contained a major flaw. 
B)  our results may have been due simply to chance. 
C)  we did not ask a research question worth conducting a study on. 
D)  our efforts in conducting the research were not justified by the results we obtained. 
E)  our hypothesis must be incorrect.

Question 3

In the opening vignette, Justine introduced new chairs in her parent's company and measured productivity. Results looked promising at first but productivity gains were lost eventually. Having studied problems in research it was concluded that Justine's project suffered from a __________ bias.

Accepted Answer

A)  random assignment 
B)  reliability 
C)  Hawthorne effect 
D)  validity 
E)  placebo effect 
A)  random assignment 
B)  reliability 
C)  Hawthorne effect 
D)  validity 
E)  placebo effect

Question 4

In the 1930s Wendell Johnson carried out a study on speech deficits using children from an orphanage. He attempted to create fluency problems in one group of children. This study violated which of the principles in the code of ethics?

Accepted Answer

A)  We should minimize harm to participants. 
B)  We should not intrude on the private lives of subjects. 
C)  We should guarantee subjects that the information they provide will be confidential. 
D)  Research should have positive goals for the good of the public. 
E)  We should always provide remuneration for subjects. 
A)  We should minimize harm to participants. 
B)  We should not intrude on the private lives of subjects. 
C)  We should guarantee subjects that the information they provide will be confidential. 
D)  Research should have positive goals for the good of the public. 
E)  We should always provide remuneration for subjects.

Question 5

A scatterplot shows the correlation between two variables in graphic form.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Dr. McGlynn is conducting a study on reaction time. He allows subjects to exercise strenuously for either 0, 10, or 20 minutes. Next, subjects are seated at a table containing a red push button and a yellow light. Each subject is asked to push the button as soon as he or she sees the light flash. Dr. McGlynn measures the time it takes each subject to push the button after the light is lit. The experimental group in this study

Accepted Answer

A)  did not exercise. 
B)  exercised for 10 minutes. 
C)  exercised for either 10 or 20 minutes. 
D)  exercised for 0, 10, or 20 minutes. 
E)  exercised for 20 minutes. 
A)  did not exercise. 
B)  exercised for 10 minutes. 
C)  exercised for either 10 or 20 minutes. 
D)  exercised for 0, 10, or 20 minutes. 
E)  exercised for 20 minutes.

Question 7

In any experiment, the researcher must make sure that only the __________ variable is manipulated

Accepted Answer

A)  confounding 
B)  independent 
C)  dependent 
D)  operationally defined 
E)  control 
A)  confounding 
B)  independent 
C)  dependent 
D)  operationally defined 
E)  control

Question 8

Dr. Barber is conducting a study on the effects of touch on positive responses. She arranges for servers to touch their customers on the arm 0, 2, or 4 times. She then measured the amount of tips given by customer. The control group in this study was

Accepted Answer

A)  those who were not touched. 
B)  those who were touched twice. 
C)  those who were touched four times. 
D)  those who were touched 0, 2, or 4 times. 
E)  those who were touched either 2 or 4 times. 
A)  those who were not touched. 
B)  those who were touched twice. 
C)  those who were touched four times. 
D)  those who were touched 0, 2, or 4 times. 
E)  those who were touched either 2 or 4 times.

Question 9

Dr. Kettle wants to know if the type of lighting (fluorescent or incandescent) under which participants read affects the number of pages of text that they can read in one hour. The independent variable in this experiment is

Accepted Answer

A)  the type of lighting. 
B)  the amount of light. 
C)  fluorescent lighting. 
D)  incandescent lighting. 
E)  the number of pages of text read in one hour. 
A)  the type of lighting. 
B)  the amount of light. 
C)  fluorescent lighting. 
D)  incandescent lighting. 
E)  the number of pages of text read in one hour.

Question 10

Why did the pretesting of negative advertisements against Jean Chretien during the 1993 election fail to generalize to the actual public reaction according to your text?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sample may not have been representative of the general public. 
B)  The researchers used correlation in opinion polling instead of experimentation. 
C)  A confounding variable was inadvertently introduced because they showed Mr. Chretien's facial paralysis. 
D)  The double-blind procedure should have been used. 
E)  A single-blind procedure should have been used. 
A)  The sample may not have been representative of the general public. 
B)  The researchers used correlation in opinion polling instead of experimentation. 
C)  A confounding variable was inadvertently introduced because they showed Mr. Chretien's facial paralysis. 
D)  The double-blind procedure should have been used. 
E)  A single-blind procedure should have been used.

Question 11

I suggest that the major cause of road rage is work-related stress. This statement is a

Accepted Answer

A)  theory. 
B)  educated guess or hunch. 
C)  hypothesis. 
D)  research objective. 
E)  estimation. 
A)  theory. 
B)  educated guess or hunch. 
C)  hypothesis. 
D)  research objective. 
E)  estimation.

Question 12

The first step in calculating the standard deviation for a set of scores is to calculate the __________ of those scores.

Accepted Answer

A)  mean 
B)  median 
C)  range 
D)  variance 
E)  mode 
A)  mean 
B)  median 
C)  range 
D)  variance 
E)  mode

Question 13

Dr. McGlynn is conducting a study on reaction time. He allows subjects to exercise strenuously for either 0, 10, or 20 minutes. Next, subjects are seated at a table containing a red push button and a yellow light. Each subject is asked to push the button as soon as he or she sees the light flash. Dr. McGlynn measures the time it takes each subject to push the button after the light is lit. What is the independent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  exercise 
B)  the amount of time spent exercising 
C)  the button 
D)  the light 
E)  reaction time 
A)  exercise 
B)  the amount of time spent exercising 
C)  the button 
D)  the light 
E)  reaction time

Question 14

The most representative measure of central tendency when there are some extreme scores in a set of data is the

Accepted Answer

A)  mean. 
B)  median. 
C)  correlation. 
D)  range. 
E)  standard deviation. 
A)  mean. 
B)  median. 
C)  correlation. 
D)  range. 
E)  standard deviation.

Question 15

Explain the purpose of informed consent, confidentiality, and debriefing in research using human subjects.

Accepted Answer

The student's response should include a

Question 16

Comparing the percentage income growth of Canadian university graduates over a thirty-year period, Allen found the greatest percentage increase among __________ graduates.

Accepted Answer

A)  agriculture 
B)  biological science 
C)  commerce 
D)  engineering 
E)  social science 
A)  agriculture 
B)  biological science 
C)  commerce 
D)  engineering 
E)  social science

Question 17

In the text example of an experiment examining the effect of anger on concentration, some of the subjects who were angered simply left the experiment. This example illustrated which of the following problems with experimentation?

Accepted Answer

A)  The Hawthorne effect due to subjects knowledge that they're being observed 
B)  Confounded variables due to unequal groups of subjects. 
C)  Order effects due to failure to use counterbalancing. 
D)  Subject expectancy effects due to their attempts to guess the experimental hypothesis. 
E)  The placebo effect in which subjects respond as if they had received a treatment when they haven't. 
A)  The Hawthorne effect due to subjects knowledge that they're being observed 
B)  Confounded variables due to unequal groups of subjects. 
C)  Order effects due to failure to use counterbalancing. 
D)  Subject expectancy effects due to their attempts to guess the experimental hypothesis. 
E)  The placebo effect in which subjects respond as if they had received a treatment when they haven't.

Question 18

You have received a grant to carry out research into the relationship between personality and marital success. Which kind of research are you most likely to conduct?

Accepted Answer

A)  an experiment 
B)  a correlational study 
C)  a single-subject study 
D)  a case study 
E)  an observational study 
A)  an experiment 
B)  a correlational study 
C)  a single-subject study 
D)  a case study 
E)  an observational study

Question 19

It is when measurement of a dependent variable is objective that researchers need to ensure that there is high inter-rater reliability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

A study in which the experimenter, but not the subject, is aware of the value of the independent variable is called a single-blind study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

The variable that is measured in an experiment is called the __________ variable.

If, after calculating an inferential statistic, we find that the results of our study are NOT statistically significant, we can reasonably conclude that

In the opening vignette, Justine introduced new chairs in her parent's company and measured productivity. Results looked promising at first but productivity gains were lost eventually. Having studied problems in research it was concluded that Justine's project suffered from a __________ bias.

In the 1930s Wendell Johnson carried out a study on speech deficits using children from an orphanage. He attempted to create fluency problems in one group of children. This study violated which of the principles in the code of ethics?

A scatterplot shows the correlation between two variables in graphic form.

In any experiment, the researcher must make sure that only the __________ variable is manipulated

Dr. Barber is conducting a study on the effects of touch on positive responses. She arranges for servers to touch their customers on the arm 0, 2, or 4 times. She then measured the amount of tips given by customer. The control group in this study was

Dr. Kettle wants to know if the type of lighting (fluorescent or incandescent) under which participants read affects the number of pages of text that they can read in one hour. The independent variable in this experiment is

Why did the pretesting of negative advertisements against Jean Chretien during the 1993 election fail to generalize to the actual public reaction according to your text?

I suggest that the major cause of road rage is work-related stress. This statement is a

The first step in calculating the standard deviation for a set of scores is to calculate the __________ of those scores.

The most representative measure of central tendency when there are some extreme scores in a set of data is the

Explain the purpose of informed consent, confidentiality, and debriefing in research using human subjects.

Comparing the percentage income growth of Canadian university graduates over a thirty-year period, Allen found the greatest percentage increase among __________ graduates.

In the text example of an experiment examining the effect of anger on concentration, some of the subjects who were angered simply left the experiment. This example illustrated which of the following problems with experimentation?

You have received a grant to carry out research into the relationship between personality and marital success. Which kind of research are you most likely to conduct?

It is when measurement of a dependent variable is objective that researchers need to ensure that there is high inter-rater reliability.

A study in which the experimenter, but not the subject, is aware of the value of the independent variable is called a single-blind study.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

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The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

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Exam 2: The Ways and Means of Psychology

The variable that is measured in an experiment is called the __________ variable.

If, after calculating an inferential statistic, we find that the results of our study are NOT statistically significant, we can reasonably conclude that

In the opening vignette, Justine introduced new chairs in her parent's company and measured productivity. Results looked promising at first but productivity gains were lost eventually. Having studied problems in research it was concluded that Justine's project suffered from a __________ bias.

In the 1930s Wendell Johnson carried out a study on speech deficits using children from an orphanage. He attempted to create fluency problems in one group of children. This study violated which of the principles in the code of ethics?

A scatterplot shows the correlation between two variables in graphic form.

In any experiment, the researcher must make sure that only the __________ variable is manipulated

Dr. Barber is conducting a study on the effects of touch on positive responses. She arranges for servers to touch their customers on the arm 0, 2, or 4 times. She then measured the amount of tips given by customer. The control group in this study was

Dr. Kettle wants to know if the type of lighting (fluorescent or incandescent) under which participants read affects the number of pages of text that they can read in one hour. The independent variable in this experiment is

Why did the pretesting of negative advertisements against Jean Chretien during the 1993 election fail to generalize to the actual public reaction according to your text?

I suggest that the major cause of road rage is work-related stress. This statement is a

The first step in calculating the standard deviation for a set of scores is to calculate the __________ of those scores.

The most representative measure of central tendency when there are some extreme scores in a set of data is the

Explain the purpose of informed consent, confidentiality, and debriefing in research using human subjects.

Comparing the percentage income growth of Canadian university graduates over a thirty-year period, Allen found the greatest percentage increase among __________ graduates.

In the text example of an experiment examining the effect of anger on concentration, some of the subjects who were angered simply left the experiment. This example illustrated which of the following problems with experimentation?

You have received a grant to carry out research into the relationship between personality and marital success. Which kind of research are you most likely to conduct?

It is when measurement of a dependent variable is objective that researchers need to ensure that there is high inter-rater reliability.

A study in which the experimenter, but not the subject, is aware of the value of the independent variable is called a single-blind study.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters