Question 1

In essence, random assignment means that

Accepted Answer

A)  each subject in the study has an equal chance of being assigned to either the control group or the experimental group. 
B)  subjects with particular characteristics are eliminated from the study. 
C)  subjects with particular characteristics are assigned to particular groups. 
D)  neither the subject nor the experimenter is aware of to which groups the subjects have been assigned, and thus do not know which group will be exposed to the independent variable. 
E)  subjects are randomly selected to participate in the experiment. 
A)  each subject in the study has an equal chance of being assigned to either the control group or the experimental group. 
B)  subjects with particular characteristics are eliminated from the study. 
C)  subjects with particular characteristics are assigned to particular groups. 
D)  neither the subject nor the experimenter is aware of to which groups the subjects have been assigned, and thus do not know which group will be exposed to the independent variable. 
E)  subjects are randomly selected to participate in the experiment.

Question 2

The special table that researchers consult after calculating the statistics for their study is based on the

Accepted Answer

A)  special properties of the mean and standard deviation. 
B)  results of other research in related areas. 
C)  results of other research on the same topic. 
D)  likelihood of obtaining a significant difference by mistake. 
E)  sum of results from research on the same topic. 
A)  special properties of the mean and standard deviation. 
B)  results of other research in related areas. 
C)  results of other research on the same topic. 
D)  likelihood of obtaining a significant difference by mistake. 
E)  sum of results from research on the same topic.

Question 3

Jane Goodall's research began when she entered the habitat of wild chimpanzees and simply watched them. This type of research is termed

Accepted Answer

A)  experimentation. 
B)  correlation. 
C)  hypothesis testing. 
D)  clinical observation 
E)  naturalistic observation. 
A)  experimentation. 
B)  correlation. 
C)  hypothesis testing. 
D)  clinical observation 
E)  naturalistic observation.

Question 4

An agreement to participate as a subject in a study after first being instructed about the nature of the research and its possible negative effects is called

Accepted Answer

A)  debriefing. 
B)  briefing. 
C)  informed consent. 
D)  the experimenter-subject agreement. 
E)  the subject-experimenter agreement. 
A)  debriefing. 
B)  briefing. 
C)  informed consent. 
D)  the experimenter-subject agreement. 
E)  the subject-experimenter agreement.

Question 5

Debriefing in psychological research involves informing subjects of the true nature and purpose of the research in which they participated once the study is completed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The primary reason why researchers calculate an inferential statistic on the data that they collect is because they

Accepted Answer

A)  wish to determine the statistical significance of their results. 
B)  wish to prove beyond a doubt that their hypothesis is correct. 
C)  desire to establish the reliability and validity of their methodology. 
D)  need to in order to get their research published in a professional journal. 
E)  want to organize their data and examine central tendencies. 
A)  wish to determine the statistical significance of their results. 
B)  wish to prove beyond a doubt that their hypothesis is correct. 
C)  desire to establish the reliability and validity of their methodology. 
D)  need to in order to get their research published in a professional journal. 
E)  want to organize their data and examine central tendencies.

Question 7

An operational definition

Accepted Answer

A)  is a technique used to measure a dependent variable. 
B)  guarantees that all subjects in a study will be treated equally. 
C)  describes a variable in terms of the operations that will be used to measure or manipulate it. 
D)  is difficult to achieve in psychology because most psychological research involves variables that are hypothetical constructs. concerning the nature of thinking and emotion. 
E)  describes the effect of the independent variable. 
A)  is a technique used to measure a dependent variable. 
B)  guarantees that all subjects in a study will be treated equally. 
C)  describes a variable in terms of the operations that will be used to measure or manipulate it. 
D)  is difficult to achieve in psychology because most psychological research involves variables that are hypothetical constructs. concerning the nature of thinking and emotion. 
E)  describes the effect of the independent variable.

Question 8

In a double-blind study,

Accepted Answer

A)  only the experimenter knows which subjects are assigned to which group; neither her research assistants nor the subjects know about the group assignments. 
B)  neither the experimenter nor the subjects know about group assignments. 
C)  neither the experimenter's research assistants nor the subjects know what the dependent variables are. 
D)  the main goal is to prevent subjects' expectations from influencing their behaviour. 
E)  the experimenter is not aware of assignment to the control group OR the experimental groups. 
A)  only the experimenter knows which subjects are assigned to which group; neither her research assistants nor the subjects know about the group assignments. 
B)  neither the experimenter nor the subjects know about group assignments. 
C)  neither the experimenter's research assistants nor the subjects know what the dependent variables are. 
D)  the main goal is to prevent subjects' expectations from influencing their behaviour. 
E)  the experimenter is not aware of assignment to the control group OR the experimental groups.

Question 9

A measure of central tendency is used to

Accepted Answer

A)  characterize or represent a set of many observations. 
B)  compare the differences in two sets of observations. 
C)  identify each observation in a set of observations. 
D)  calculate the amount of variability around the mean of a set of observations. 
E)  determine the highest and lowest scores in a set of observations. 
A)  characterize or represent a set of many observations. 
B)  compare the differences in two sets of observations. 
C)  identify each observation in a set of observations. 
D)  calculate the amount of variability around the mean of a set of observations. 
E)  determine the highest and lowest scores in a set of observations.

Question 10

Suppose that your roommate snaps at you. After doing so, she says, "I'm sorry, I'm just a bit grumpy today."Which of the following statements about your roommate is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  She has not committed the nominal fallacy. 
B)  Her grumpiness explains her behaviour. 
C)  Her snapping at you is due to her grumpiness. 
D)  Her grumpiness does not explain her behaviour. 
E)  Her grumpiness causes her behaviour. 
A)  She has not committed the nominal fallacy. 
B)  Her grumpiness explains her behaviour. 
C)  Her snapping at you is due to her grumpiness. 
D)  Her grumpiness does not explain her behaviour. 
E)  Her grumpiness causes her behaviour.

Question 11

Descriptive statistics permit researchers to summarize a set of numbers in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)  central tendency only. 
B)  variability only. 
C)  both central tendency and variability. 
D)  central tendency, variability, and statistical significance. 
E)  both central tendency and statistical significance. 
A)  central tendency only. 
B)  variability only. 
C)  both central tendency and variability. 
D)  central tendency, variability, and statistical significance. 
E)  both central tendency and statistical significance.

Question 12

A graph that contains data points for two variables and is constructed for the purpose of assessing the degree of relationship between the variables is called a

Accepted Answer

A)  bar graph. 
B)  frequency distribution. 
C)  scatterplot. 
D)  regression analysis. 
E)  frequency plot. 
A)  bar graph. 
B)  frequency distribution. 
C)  scatterplot. 
D)  regression analysis. 
E)  frequency plot.

Question 13

A variable can be anything capable of assuming several values.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

If a researcher is measuring the length of time different couples were engaged before getting married and their reported level of happiness with their marriage, in order to determine whether these two variables are related, he or she is carrying out a(n) __________ study.

Accepted Answer

A)  experimental 
B)  correlational 
C)  naturalistic observation 
D)  case 
E)  observational 
A)  experimental 
B)  correlational 
C)  naturalistic observation 
D)  case 
E)  observational

Question 15

Dr. McGlynn is conducting a study on reaction time. He allows subjects to exercise strenuously for either 0, 10, or 20 minutes. Next, subjects are seated at a table containing a red push button and a yellow light. Each subject is asked to push the button as soon as he or she sees the light flash. Dr. McGlynn measures the time it takes each subject to push the button after the light is lit. What is the dependent variable in this study?

Accepted Answer

A)  the amount of time spent exercising 
B)  colour of the button 
C)  pushing the button 
D)  reaction time 
E)  colour of the light 
A)  the amount of time spent exercising 
B)  colour of the button 
C)  pushing the button 
D)  reaction time 
E)  colour of the light

Question 16

The final step in calculating the standard deviation for a set of scores is to calculate the square root of the

Accepted Answer

A)  mean. 
B)  median. 
C)  range. 
D)  variance. 
E)  sum of the scores. 
A)  mean. 
B)  median. 
C)  range. 
D)  variance. 
E)  sum of the scores.

Question 17

When a researcher first carries out a replication of another researcher's study, the major purpose is

Accepted Answer

A)  to improve on the methodology of the first researcher. 
B)  to check whether the same results occur. 
C)  avoid sampling errors 
D)  to enable generalization to a wider population 
E)  to prevent subjects guessing the hypothesis of the experiment. 
A)  to improve on the methodology of the first researcher. 
B)  to check whether the same results occur. 
C)  avoid sampling errors 
D)  to enable generalization to a wider population 
E)  to prevent subjects guessing the hypothesis of the experiment.

Question 18

As a measure of variability, the range is considered to be superior to the standard deviation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

To prevent the order in which stimuli are presented to subjects during an experiment from biasing the results, an experimenter should make sure that he or she uses a __________ procedure.

Accepted Answer

A)  counterbalancing 
B)  matching 
C)  randomization 
D)  scatterplot 
E)  correlational 
A)  counterbalancing 
B)  matching 
C)  randomization 
D)  scatterplot 
E)  correlational

Question 20

One way to obtain generalizable results regarding the average height of the students at your school is to measure the height of individual members of your school's basketball team and then calculate the mean of those measurements.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

In essence, random assignment means that

The special table that researchers consult after calculating the statistics for their study is based on the

Jane Goodall's research began when she entered the habitat of wild chimpanzees and simply watched them. This type of research is termed

An agreement to participate as a subject in a study after first being instructed about the nature of the research and its possible negative effects is called

Debriefing in psychological research involves informing subjects of the true nature and purpose of the research in which they participated once the study is completed.

The primary reason why researchers calculate an inferential statistic on the data that they collect is because they

An operational definition

In a double-blind study,

A measure of central tendency is used to

Suppose that your roommate snaps at you. After doing so, she says, "I'm sorry, I'm just a bit grumpy today."Which of the following statements about your roommate is true?

Descriptive statistics permit researchers to summarize a set of numbers in terms of

A graph that contains data points for two variables and is constructed for the purpose of assessing the degree of relationship between the variables is called a

A variable can be anything capable of assuming several values.

If a researcher is measuring the length of time different couples were engaged before getting married and their reported level of happiness with their marriage, in order to determine whether these two variables are related, he or she is carrying out a(n) __________ study.

The final step in calculating the standard deviation for a set of scores is to calculate the square root of the

When a researcher first carries out a replication of another researcher's study, the major purpose is

As a measure of variability, the range is considered to be superior to the standard deviation.

To prevent the order in which stimuli are presented to subjects during an experiment from biasing the results, an experimenter should make sure that he or she uses a __________ procedure.

One way to obtain generalizable results regarding the average height of the students at your school is to measure the height of individual members of your school's basketball team and then calculate the mean of those measurements.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

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Exam 2: The Ways and Means of Psychology

In essence, random assignment means that

The special table that researchers consult after calculating the statistics for their study is based on the

Jane Goodall's research began when she entered the habitat of wild chimpanzees and simply watched them. This type of research is termed

An agreement to participate as a subject in a study after first being instructed about the nature of the research and its possible negative effects is called

Debriefing in psychological research involves informing subjects of the true nature and purpose of the research in which they participated once the study is completed.

The primary reason why researchers calculate an inferential statistic on the data that they collect is because they

An operational definition

In a double-blind study,

A measure of central tendency is used to

Suppose that your roommate snaps at you. After doing so, she says, "I'm sorry, I'm just a bit grumpy today."Which of the following statements about your roommate is true?

Descriptive statistics permit researchers to summarize a set of numbers in terms of

A graph that contains data points for two variables and is constructed for the purpose of assessing the degree of relationship between the variables is called a

A variable can be anything capable of assuming several values.

If a researcher is measuring the length of time different couples were engaged before getting married and their reported level of happiness with their marriage, in order to determine whether these two variables are related, he or she is carrying out a(n) __________ study.

The final step in calculating the standard deviation for a set of scores is to calculate the square root of the

When a researcher first carries out a replication of another researcher's study, the major purpose is

As a measure of variability, the range is considered to be superior to the standard deviation.

To prevent the order in which stimuli are presented to subjects during an experiment from biasing the results, an experimenter should make sure that he or she uses a __________ procedure.

One way to obtain generalizable results regarding the average height of the students at your school is to measure the height of individual members of your school's basketball team and then calculate the mean of those measurements.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters