Question 1

The median is considered to be a measure of central tendency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Descriptive statistics are used to discover whether findings occurred by chance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

A hypothesis is a series of related statements designed to explain a set of phenomena.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Counterbalancing is used in experimental research to

Accepted Answer

A)  make the number of subjects in the experimental and control groups equal. 
B)  prevent order effects from influencing the dependent variable. 
C)  control for differences among subject variables. 
D)  make statistical analysis of the data simpler. 
E)  ensure that subjects learn during the experiment. 
A)  make the number of subjects in the experimental and control groups equal. 
B)  prevent order effects from influencing the dependent variable. 
C)  control for differences among subject variables. 
D)  make statistical analysis of the data simpler. 
E)  ensure that subjects learn during the experiment.

Question 5

Suppose that you conduct an experiment to study the effects of love on improving children's self-concepts. To manipulate love, you allow a research assistant to hug each child after he or she has successfully completed a set of math problems. After the study is over, you ask the children if they felt loved during the study. They all say no. Apparently, your operational definition of your independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  unreliable. 
B)  not operational. 
C)  too subjective. 
D)  invalid. 
E)  not objective. 
A)  unreliable. 
B)  not operational. 
C)  too subjective. 
D)  invalid. 
E)  not objective.

Question 6

A person's height is related to the last letter of his or her first name.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The major purpose of descriptive statistics is to

Accepted Answer

A)  summarize and organize data. 
B)  measure the statistical significance of findings. 
C)  indicate the variance in data. 
D)  find the standard deviation. 
E)  compare two sets of observations. 
A)  summarize and organize data. 
B)  measure the statistical significance of findings. 
C)  indicate the variance in data. 
D)  find the standard deviation. 
E)  compare two sets of observations.

Question 8

Dr. McGlynn is conducting a study on reaction time. He allows subjects to exercise strenuously for either 0, 10, or 20 minutes. Next, subjects are seated at a table containing a red push button and a yellow light. Each subject is asked to push the button as soon as he or she sees the light flash. Dr. McGlynn measures the time it takes each subject to push the button after the light is lit. The control group in this study

Accepted Answer

A)  did not exercise. 
B)  exercised for 10 minutes. 
C)  exercised for either 10 or 20 minutes. 
D)  exercised for 0, 10, or 20 minutes. 
E)  exercised for 20 minutes. 
A)  did not exercise. 
B)  exercised for 10 minutes. 
C)  exercised for either 10 or 20 minutes. 
D)  exercised for 0, 10, or 20 minutes. 
E)  exercised for 20 minutes.

Question 9

Why are replication and generalization important to scientific research?

Accepted Answer

The answer should include a definition o

Question 10

A study in which the experimenter but not the subject knows the value of the independent variable is called a __________ study.

Accepted Answer

A)  counterbalanced 
B)  single-blind 
C)  deceptive 
D)  double-blind 
E)  confounded 
A)  counterbalanced 
B)  single-blind 
C)  deceptive 
D)  double-blind 
E)  confounded

Question 11

The mark of a good theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  generates data that support it. 
B)  produces testable hypotheses. 
C)  cannot be disproved. 
D)  encourages scientists to think about it. 
E)  it can solve real problems in the world. 
A)  generates data that support it. 
B)  produces testable hypotheses. 
C)  cannot be disproved. 
D)  encourages scientists to think about it. 
E)  it can solve real problems in the world.

Question 12

Explain the concept of correlation and discuss the difference between it and causation.

Accepted Answer

The answer to this question should first

Question 13

The variance of a set of scores is

Accepted Answer

A)  the square root of the standard deviation. 
B)  the mean of the squared differences of each number from the mean in a set of numbers. 
C)  always a number equal to the square root of the range. 
D)  always a number greater than 1. 
E)  measured in the same metric as the original scores. 
A)  the square root of the standard deviation. 
B)  the mean of the squared differences of each number from the mean in a set of numbers. 
C)  always a number equal to the square root of the range. 
D)  always a number greater than 1. 
E)  measured in the same metric as the original scores.

Question 14

If you are interested in learning more about a certain kind of behaviour, you might reasonably begin by

Accepted Answer

A)  forming a theory about its causes. 
B)  forming a hypothesis about its causes. 
C)  carefully observing it under natural conditions. 
D)  conducting a correlational study. 
E)  conducting an experimental study. 
A)  forming a theory about its causes. 
B)  forming a hypothesis about its causes. 
C)  carefully observing it under natural conditions. 
D)  conducting a correlational study. 
E)  conducting an experimental study.

Question 15

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency that is most representative of the numbers in the following data set? (7, 16, 23, 30, 89)

Accepted Answer

A)  the mean 
B)  the median 
C)  the correlation 
D)  the range 
E)  the variance 
A)  the mean 
B)  the median 
C)  the correlation 
D)  the range 
E)  the variance

Question 16

Dr. McGlynn is conducting a study on the influence of exercise on reaction time. He allows subjects to exercise strenuously for either 0, 10, or 20 minutes. Next, subjects are seated at a table containing a red push button and a yellow light. Each subject is asked to push the button as soon as he or she sees the light flash. Dr. McGlynn measures the time it takes each subject to push the button after the light is lit. How many experimental groups does this study involve?

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  No groups are involved. 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  No groups are involved.

Question 17

The order in which a subject in an experiment is exposed to different values of the independent variable can make a difference in that subject's responses to that variable.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Suppose you wish to determine the average height of the students at your school. Which one of the following describes the sample whose results would be LEAST likely to generalize to the school population?

Accepted Answer

A)  Measure the height of a large number of students who have been randomly selected from introductory psychology classes at your school. 
B)  Measure the height of the basketball team(s) at your school. 
C)  Measure the height of a large number of students whose names have been randomly selected from the school's telephone directory. 
D)  Measure the height of a large number of students randomly selected from a larger group whose college grade point average is 2.0 or above. 
E)  Measure the height of subjects who sign up to participate in the experiment in return for money. 
A)  Measure the height of a large number of students who have been randomly selected from introductory psychology classes at your school. 
B)  Measure the height of the basketball team(s) at your school. 
C)  Measure the height of a large number of students whose names have been randomly selected from the school's telephone directory. 
D)  Measure the height of a large number of students randomly selected from a larger group whose college grade point average is 2.0 or above. 
E)  Measure the height of subjects who sign up to participate in the experiment in return for money.

Question 19

The determination of whether the results of a study are statistically significant occurs during which step of the scientific method?

Accepted Answer

A)  the communication of the results 
B)  the evaluation of the hypothesis through examination of the data collected 
C)  the design of the study 
D)  the conducting of the study 
E)  the stating of the hypothesized relationships between variables 
A)  the communication of the results 
B)  the evaluation of the hypothesis through examination of the data collected 
C)  the design of the study 
D)  the conducting of the study 
E)  the stating of the hypothesized relationships between variables

Question 20

__________ is one of the greatest strengths of the scientific method because it enables researchers to rule out the possibility that the results of a study are a fluke or due to design errors.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sampling 
B)  Randomization 
C)  Replication 
D)  Counterbalancing 
E)  Single-blind study 
A)  Sampling 
B)  Randomization 
C)  Replication 
D)  Counterbalancing 
E)  Single-blind study

The median is considered to be a measure of central tendency.

Descriptive statistics are used to discover whether findings occurred by chance.

A hypothesis is a series of related statements designed to explain a set of phenomena.

Counterbalancing is used in experimental research to

A person's height is related to the last letter of his or her first name.

The major purpose of descriptive statistics is to

Why are replication and generalization important to scientific research?

A study in which the experimenter but not the subject knows the value of the independent variable is called a __________ study.

The mark of a good theory is that it

Explain the concept of correlation and discuss the difference between it and causation.

The variance of a set of scores is

If you are interested in learning more about a certain kind of behaviour, you might reasonably begin by

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency that is most representative of the numbers in the following data set? (7, 16, 23, 30, 89)

The order in which a subject in an experiment is exposed to different values of the independent variable can make a difference in that subject's responses to that variable.

Suppose you wish to determine the average height of the students at your school. Which one of the following describes the sample whose results would be LEAST likely to generalize to the school population?

The determination of whether the results of a study are statistically significant occurs during which step of the scientific method?

__________ is one of the greatest strengths of the scientific method because it enables researchers to rule out the possibility that the results of a study are a fluke or due to design errors.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: The Ways and Means of Psychology

The median is considered to be a measure of central tendency.

Descriptive statistics are used to discover whether findings occurred by chance.

A hypothesis is a series of related statements designed to explain a set of phenomena.

Counterbalancing is used in experimental research to

A person's height is related to the last letter of his or her first name.

The major purpose of descriptive statistics is to

Why are replication and generalization important to scientific research?

A study in which the experimenter but not the subject knows the value of the independent variable is called a __________ study.

The mark of a good theory is that it

Explain the concept of correlation and discuss the difference between it and causation.

The variance of a set of scores is

If you are interested in learning more about a certain kind of behaviour, you might reasonably begin by

Which of the following is a measure of central tendency that is most representative of the numbers in the following data set? (7, 16, 23, 30, 89)

The order in which a subject in an experiment is exposed to different values of the independent variable can make a difference in that subject's responses to that variable.

Suppose you wish to determine the average height of the students at your school. Which one of the following describes the sample whose results would be LEAST likely to generalize to the school population?

The determination of whether the results of a study are statistically significant occurs during which step of the scientific method?

__________ is one of the greatest strengths of the scientific method because it enables researchers to rule out the possibility that the results of a study are a fluke or due to design errors.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters