Question 1

The first step of the scientific method specifies that a researcher

Accepted Answer

A)  design the study. 
B)  collect the data for the study. 
C)  read the relevant literature on related experiments. 
D)  formulate a hypothetical causal relation among the variables. 
E)  determine the subjects he/she would like to use in the experiment. 
A)  design the study. 
B)  collect the data for the study. 
C)  read the relevant literature on related experiments. 
D)  formulate a hypothetical causal relation among the variables. 
E)  determine the subjects he/she would like to use in the experiment.

Question 2

The more that numbers in a set of numbers differ from each other, the larger the

Accepted Answer

A)  mean. 
B)  variance. 
C)  correlation. 
D)  median. 
E)  central tendency. 
A)  mean. 
B)  variance. 
C)  correlation. 
D)  median. 
E)  central tendency.

Question 3

Given the set of numbers below, which measure of central tendency is the most representative? (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

Accepted Answer

A)  the mean 
B)  the median 
C)  the mean and median are equally representative 
D)  neither the mean nor the median are especially representative 
E)  the standard deviation 
A)  the mean 
B)  the median 
C)  the mean and median are equally representative 
D)  neither the mean nor the median are especially representative 
E)  the standard deviation

Question 4

Mean is to __________ as standard deviation is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive statistics; inferential statistics 
B)  inferential statistics; descriptive statistics 
C)  variability; relations 
D)  correlation; inferential 
E)  central tendency; variability 
A)  descriptive statistics; inferential statistics 
B)  inferential statistics; descriptive statistics 
C)  variability; relations 
D)  correlation; inferential 
E)  central tendency; variability

Question 5

If a researcher inadvertently introduces an extra variable that varies synchronously with the independent variable, he or she will not be able to distinguish the two variables' effects on the dependent variables.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The observation and measurement of the relation between two or more variables, usually involving the relation of physical and social characteristics to behaviour, is called naturalistic observation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

One means that researchers use in their attempt to make the groups in a study as similar as possible is to assign subjects randomly to those groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Only __________ involve the manipulation of independent variables.

Accepted Answer

A)  experiments 
B)  correlational studies 
C)  case studies 
D)  studies using naturalistic observation 
E)  hypotheses 
A)  experiments 
B)  correlational studies 
C)  case studies 
D)  studies using naturalistic observation 
E)  hypotheses

Question 9

Dr. Lewis has recruited 100 subjects to be in his study on personality traits. He knows that many of them differ with respect to education, socioeconomic status and religion. To equally distribute these differences across the four groups he will use in this study, Dr. Lewis should

Accepted Answer

A)  assign subjects to groups using a counterbalancing procedure. 
B)  randomly assign subjects to the groups. 
C)  provide operational definitions for education, socioeconomic status, and religion. 
D)  design the study so the effects of these variables on personality can also be measured. 
E)  provide a valid operational definition of the dependent variable. 
A)  assign subjects to groups using a counterbalancing procedure. 
B)  randomly assign subjects to the groups. 
C)  provide operational definitions for education, socioeconomic status, and religion. 
D)  design the study so the effects of these variables on personality can also be measured. 
E)  provide a valid operational definition of the dependent variable.

Question 10

The term used to describe the fallacy that is committed when we mistakenly believe that we have explained an event by naming it is the __________ fallacy.

Accepted Answer

A)  naming 
B)  nominal 
C)  explanatory 
D)  descriptive 
E)  experimental 
A)  naming 
B)  nominal 
C)  explanatory 
D)  descriptive 
E)  experimental

Question 11

Explain the importance of hypotheses and theories to scientific research.

Accepted Answer

The answer should first define each of t

The first step of the scientific method specifies that a researcher

The more that numbers in a set of numbers differ from each other, the larger the

Given the set of numbers below, which measure of central tendency is the most representative? (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

Mean is to as standard deviation is to .

If a researcher inadvertently introduces an extra variable that varies synchronously with the independent variable, he or she will not be able to distinguish the two variables' effects on the dependent variables.

The observation and measurement of the relation between two or more variables, usually involving the relation of physical and social characteristics to behaviour, is called naturalistic observation.

One means that researchers use in their attempt to make the groups in a study as similar as possible is to assign subjects randomly to those groups.

Only __________ involve the manipulation of independent variables.

Dr. Lewis has recruited 100 subjects to be in his study on personality traits. He knows that many of them differ with respect to education, socioeconomic status and religion. To equally distribute these differences across the four groups he will use in this study, Dr. Lewis should

The term used to describe the fallacy that is committed when we mistakenly believe that we have explained an event by naming it is the __________ fallacy.

Explain the importance of hypotheses and theories to scientific research.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Exam 2: The Ways and Means of Psychology

The first step of the scientific method specifies that a researcher

The more that numbers in a set of numbers differ from each other, the larger the

Given the set of numbers below, which measure of central tendency is the most representative? (10, 20, 30, 40, 50)

Mean is to __________ as standard deviation is to __________.

If a researcher inadvertently introduces an extra variable that varies synchronously with the independent variable, he or she will not be able to distinguish the two variables' effects on the dependent variables.

The observation and measurement of the relation between two or more variables, usually involving the relation of physical and social characteristics to behaviour, is called naturalistic observation.

One means that researchers use in their attempt to make the groups in a study as similar as possible is to assign subjects randomly to those groups.

Only __________ involve the manipulation of independent variables.

Dr. Lewis has recruited 100 subjects to be in his study on personality traits. He knows that many of them differ with respect to education, socioeconomic status and religion. To equally distribute these differences across the four groups he will use in this study, Dr. Lewis should

The term used to describe the fallacy that is committed when we mistakenly believe that we have explained an event by naming it is the __________ fallacy.

Explain the importance of hypotheses and theories to scientific research.

The Science of Psychology

Evolution, Heredity, and Behaviour

Biology of Behaviour

Sensation

Perception

Learning and Behaviour

Memory

Consciousness

Language

Intelligence and Thinking

Lifespan Development

Motivation and Emotion

Personality

Social Psychology

Lifestyle, Stress, and Health

The Nature and Causes of Psychological Disorders

The Treatment of Psychological Disorders

Filters

Mean is to as standard deviation is to .