Question 1

In lakes,rooted plants may grow in the ________ zone but no photosynthesizing life is found in the ________ zone.

Accepted Answer

A) littoral; profundal 
B) profundal; pelagic 
C) littoral; pelagic 
D) benthic; profundal 
E) littoral; benthic 
A) littoral; profundal 
B) profundal; pelagic 
C) littoral; pelagic 
D) benthic; profundal 
E) littoral; benthic

Question 2

The "ozone hole" is caused by the:

Accepted Answer

A) buildup of toxic ozone in the troposphere over cities such as Los Angeles from human-caused pollution. 
B) depletion of ozone in the troposphere by chemicals such as CFCs. 
C) depletion of ozone in the stratosphere by chemicals such as CFCs. 
D) increase in warming due to high levels of ozone in the troposphere. 
E) depletion of ozone in the troposphere due to greenhouse gases. 
A) buildup of toxic ozone in the troposphere over cities such as Los Angeles from human-caused pollution. 
B) depletion of ozone in the troposphere by chemicals such as CFCs. 
C) depletion of ozone in the stratosphere by chemicals such as CFCs. 
D) increase in warming due to high levels of ozone in the troposphere. 
E) depletion of ozone in the troposphere due to greenhouse gases.

Question 3

Nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is converted to forms of nitrogen usable by vegetation via:

Accepted Answer

A) assimilation. 
B) denitrification. 
C) fixation. 
D) nitrification. 
E) decomposition. 
A) assimilation. 
B) denitrification. 
C) fixation. 
D) nitrification. 
E) decomposition.

Question 4

Is there photosynthetic activity in the benthic zone of the ocean?

Accepted Answer

A) No, because nutrient availability is too low. 
B) No, because this is below the photic zone. 
C) Yes, because this is the zone of high light penetration and photosynthetic activity. 
D) Yes, because this is the richest zone for nutrient turnover due to microbial activity. 
E) Yes, because high light and high nutrient conditions are optimal for phytoplankton production. 
A) No, because nutrient availability is too low. 
B) No, because this is below the photic zone. 
C) Yes, because this is the zone of high light penetration and photosynthetic activity. 
D) Yes, because this is the richest zone for nutrient turnover due to microbial activity. 
E) Yes, because high light and high nutrient conditions are optimal for phytoplankton production.

Question 5

Atmospheric N₂ is useless to plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Nutrient-poor and often acidic soils with low amounts of organic matter are often found in a ________ ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) desert 
B) temperate grassland 
C) tropical rain forest 
D) deciduous forest 
E) chaparral 
A) desert 
B) temperate grassland 
C) tropical rain forest 
D) deciduous forest 
E) chaparral

Question 7

Both the taiga and tundra are known for having permafrost soils.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Photosynthesizers take in carbon dioxide,whereas decomposers ________ carbon dioxide.

Accepted Answer

A) yield up 
B) take in 
C) destroy 
D) fix 
A) yield up 
B) take in 
C) destroy 
D) fix

Question 9

Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Ecosystems in the United States experience seasonality because:

Accepted Answer

A) Earth is tilted with respect to the orbit around the sun. 
B) the rotation of Earth causes a rhythmic circulation of Earth's atmosphere. 
C) Earth rotates on it's axis relative to the sun. 
D) there is a predictable seasonal solar activity cycle. 
E) Earth is closer to the sun in summer and farther away in winter. 
A) Earth is tilted with respect to the orbit around the sun. 
B) the rotation of Earth causes a rhythmic circulation of Earth's atmosphere. 
C) Earth rotates on it's axis relative to the sun. 
D) there is a predictable seasonal solar activity cycle. 
E) Earth is closer to the sun in summer and farther away in winter.

Question 11

Net primary production is:

Accepted Answer

A) the amount of material a plant accumulates as a result of photosynthesis. 
B) the net energy received by plants after subtracting what is turned into plant material. 
C) the total energy received by plants from sunlight. 
D) the total energy received by plants from sunlight in usable wavelengths. 
E) only the energy received by plants that is converted into protein. 
A) the amount of material a plant accumulates as a result of photosynthesis. 
B) the net energy received by plants after subtracting what is turned into plant material. 
C) the total energy received by plants from sunlight. 
D) the total energy received by plants from sunlight in usable wavelengths. 
E) only the energy received by plants that is converted into protein.

Question 12

Which of the following trophic levels could include carnivores?

Accepted Answer

A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth 
E) either the third or fourth 
A) first 
B) second 
C) third 
D) fourth 
E) either the third or fourth

Question 13

Why have legumes been planted as a cover crop to improve the soil fertility of a field?

Accepted Answer

A) Legumes aid organic decomposition. 
B) The leaves of legumes absorb more nitrogen than other plants. 
C) Legumes need about 100 times less nitrogen than other plants. 
D) Legumes have carbon-fixing bacteria in their root nodules. 
E) Legumes have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules. 
A) Legumes aid organic decomposition. 
B) The leaves of legumes absorb more nitrogen than other plants. 
C) Legumes need about 100 times less nitrogen than other plants. 
D) Legumes have carbon-fixing bacteria in their root nodules. 
E) Legumes have nitrogen-fixing bacteria in their root nodules.

Question 14

An animal that eats a primary consumer is categorized as being in the second trophic level.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What is the "downside" to extensive use of synthesized nitrogen-containing fertilizers?

Accepted Answer

A) The use of the fertilizers results in fertilizer resistance in crops. 
B) The use of the fertilizers results in loss of a large percentage of crops to fertilizer burn every year 
C) Nitrogen-rich runoff contributes to algal blooms and dead zones in bodies of water. 
D) The expense of the process makes food less affordable. 
E) Synthesized nitrogen interferes with transport in some plants. 
A) The use of the fertilizers results in fertilizer resistance in crops. 
B) The use of the fertilizers results in loss of a large percentage of crops to fertilizer burn every year 
C) Nitrogen-rich runoff contributes to algal blooms and dead zones in bodies of water. 
D) The expense of the process makes food less affordable. 
E) Synthesized nitrogen interferes with transport in some plants.

Question 16

Why are nitrogen and the nitrogen cycle important to living things?

Accepted Answer

A) Nitrogen is an essential part of all organic molecules. 
B) Nitrogen is an essential part of proteins, RNA, and DNA. 
C) Nitrogen is an important biotic component of ecosystems. 
D) The release of nitrogen from fossil fuels counteracts global warming. 
E) The release of nitrogen during cellular respiration contributes to global warming. 
A) Nitrogen is an essential part of all organic molecules. 
B) Nitrogen is an essential part of proteins, RNA, and DNA. 
C) Nitrogen is an important biotic component of ecosystems. 
D) The release of nitrogen from fossil fuels counteracts global warming. 
E) The release of nitrogen during cellular respiration contributes to global warming.

Question 17

One of the proposed solutions to global warming is to grow a large number of trees.This could be effective because:

Accepted Answer

A) trees would move carbon from CO₂ in the atmosphere to organic molecules. 
B) the gross primary production of trees moves CO₂ into soil. 
C) plant carbon is different from atmospheric carbon. 
D) when decomposed, plant carbon is impossible to convert back to CO₂. 
E) plants are the base of all ecological food chains. 
A) trees would move carbon from CO₂ in the atmosphere to organic molecules. 
B) the gross primary production of trees moves CO₂ into soil. 
C) plant carbon is different from atmospheric carbon. 
D) when decomposed, plant carbon is impossible to convert back to CO₂. 
E) plants are the base of all ecological food chains.

Question 18

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.

-Looking at the boxed portions of these two diagrams,it seems clear that all the areas where Earth gets very high rainfall (dark areas of top diagram)do not match precisely with places where we have tropical rainforests (black and white dotted portions of boxed area of bottom diagram).Propose a reason for this.

Accepted Answer

Consistent rainfall and relatively stabl

Question 19

There would be roughly the same biomass of secondary consumers as tertiary consumers in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Evaluate the similarities and differences between marine and freshwater ecosystems of the biosphere.

Accepted Answer

Both systems have many things in common.

Exam 36: An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

In lakes,rooted plants may grow in the ________ zone but no photosynthesizing life is found in the ________ zone.

The "ozone hole" is caused by the:

Nitrogen gas in the atmosphere is converted to forms of nitrogen usable by vegetation via:

Is there photosynthetic activity in the benthic zone of the ocean?

Atmospheric N₂ is useless to plants.

Nutrient-poor and often acidic soils with low amounts of organic matter are often found in a ________ ecosystem.

Both the taiga and tundra are known for having permafrost soils.

Photosynthesizers take in carbon dioxide,whereas decomposers ________ carbon dioxide.

Warm air can hold more moisture than cold air.

Ecosystems in the United States experience seasonality because:

Net primary production is:

Which of the following trophic levels could include carnivores?

Why have legumes been planted as a cover crop to improve the soil fertility of a field?

An animal that eats a primary consumer is categorized as being in the second trophic level.

What is the "downside" to extensive use of synthesized nitrogen-containing fertilizers?

Why are nitrogen and the nitrogen cycle important to living things?

One of the proposed solutions to global warming is to grow a large number of trees.This could be effective because:

There would be roughly the same biomass of secondary consumers as tertiary consumers in an ecosystem.

Evaluate the similarities and differences between marine and freshwater ecosystems of the biosphere.

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

Filters

In lakes,rooted plants may grow in the zone but no photosynthesizing life is found in the zone.