Question 1

A trinucleotide repeat refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) a nucleotide that is made of three subunits: a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. 
B) a sequence of three nucleotides that repeats and can be involved in genetic diseases. 
C) the same nucleotide repeating three times in a row. 
D) a nucleotide that contains three bases. 
A) a nucleotide that is made of three subunits: a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base. 
B) a sequence of three nucleotides that repeats and can be involved in genetic diseases. 
C) the same nucleotide repeating three times in a row. 
D) a nucleotide that contains three bases. B

Question 2

The building blocks of DNA are:

Accepted Answer

A) amino acids. 
B) enzymes. 
C) phosphate groups. 
D) nucleotides. 
E) bases. 
A) amino acids. 
B) enzymes. 
C) phosphate groups. 
D) nucleotides. 
E) bases. D

Question 3

Errors never occur in DNA replication because the DNA polymerases edit out mistakes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder.The ________ form the sides,and the ________ form the rungs.

Accepted Answer

A) base pairs; sugar-phosphate chains 
B) sugars; phosphates 
C) sugars; base pairs 
D) sugar-phosphate chains; base pairs 
A) base pairs; sugar-phosphate chains 
B) sugars; phosphates 
C) sugars; base pairs 
D) sugar-phosphate chains; base pairs

Question 5

DNA polymerase cannot copy point mutations,so they are not passed on from parent cells to daughter cells in cell division.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In a normal DNA molecule,adenine always pairs with ________,and cytosine always pairs with ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a normal DNA molecule,adenine always pairs...

Question 7

What is meant by saying one strand of DNA is the template for the synthesis of another strand?

Accepted Answer

A) A strand of DNA is taken apart to supply nucleotides for synthesis of a new strand. 
B) One strand of DNA acts as a wedge to separate other strands before replication. 
C) The template specifies the order of bases of the strand being made. 
D) The new strand will have exactly the same base sequence as the template strand. 
E) A strand of DNA is the enzyme that connects nucleotides in replication. 
A) A strand of DNA is taken apart to supply nucleotides for synthesis of a new strand. 
B) One strand of DNA acts as a wedge to separate other strands before replication. 
C) The template specifies the order of bases of the strand being made. 
D) The new strand will have exactly the same base sequence as the template strand. 
E) A strand of DNA is the enzyme that connects nucleotides in replication.

Question 8

Mutations will not be passed on to the next generation if they occur in ________ cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mutations will not be passed on to...

Question 9

Watson and Crick's experiments involved isolating DNA,generating X-ray diffraction images of the DNA,and building a model of its structure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What is one way that incorrect nucleotides are removed from a newly synthesized molecule of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Crossing over replaces regions with DNA errors with new segments of DNA. 
B) DNA ligases both remove and replace incorrectly positioned nucleotides. 
C) Any DNA strand with an error is destroyed, and an entire new strand is synthesized. 
D) DNA polymerases remove incorrect nucleotides and replace them with correct ones. 
E) DNA ligases remove incorrect nucleotides for replacement by DNA polymerases. 
A) Crossing over replaces regions with DNA errors with new segments of DNA. 
B) DNA ligases both remove and replace incorrectly positioned nucleotides. 
C) Any DNA strand with an error is destroyed, and an entire new strand is synthesized. 
D) DNA polymerases remove incorrect nucleotides and replace them with correct ones. 
E) DNA ligases remove incorrect nucleotides for replacement by DNA polymerases.

Question 11

Base-pairing rules apply from one DNA strand to its partner,but not along the sugar-phosphate "handrails" of a DNA strand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Melanoma is a cancer that is frequently associated with a mutation in what gene?

Accepted Answer

A) in the IT15 gene 
B) in the DNA polymerase gene 
C) in the BRAF gene 
D) in the Huntington gene 
A) in the IT15 gene 
B) in the DNA polymerase gene 
C) in the BRAF gene 
D) in the Huntington gene

Question 13

Which of these individuals are credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins 
B) Gregor Mendel and T.H. Morgan 
C) James Watson and Francis Crick 
D) Louis Pasteur 
A) Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins 
B) Gregor Mendel and T.H. Morgan 
C) James Watson and Francis Crick 
D) Louis Pasteur

Question 14

The bases of each strand of a double helix are paired with bases on the other strand,so each strand of DNA is said to be ________ to the other.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The bases of each strand of a...

Question 15

What happens to the two original strands of a DNA molecule after the DNA has replicated?

Accepted Answer

A) After serving as replication templates, the two original strands are rejoined. 
B) After serving as replication templates, the two original strands are destroyed. 
C) Nucleotides from the original strands are randomly incorporated into the new strands. 
D) Incomplete segments of the original strands end up in each newly synthesized strand. 
E) Each original strand ends up paired with a newly synthesized strand. 
A) After serving as replication templates, the two original strands are rejoined. 
B) After serving as replication templates, the two original strands are destroyed. 
C) Nucleotides from the original strands are randomly incorporated into the new strands. 
D) Incomplete segments of the original strands end up in each newly synthesized strand. 
E) Each original strand ends up paired with a newly synthesized strand.

Question 16

How many different types of bases are used to encode all the genetic information in a molecule of DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 20 
D) 10 
E) 5 
A) 2 
B) 4 
C) 20 
D) 10 
E) 5

Question 17

How do most mutations affect an organism?

Accepted Answer

A) Most mutations either are harmful, or they have no effect. 
B) Most mutations will kill the organism. 
C) Most mutations create cancerous cells. 
D) Most mutations are beneficial and create a more adapted organism. 
A) Most mutations either are harmful, or they have no effect. 
B) Most mutations will kill the organism. 
C) Most mutations create cancerous cells. 
D) Most mutations are beneficial and create a more adapted organism.

Question 18

How is the information that specifies a protein stored in DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) in the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate chain 
B) in the types of chemical bonds holding bases together 
C) in the sequence of bases 
D) in the orientation of the double strands 
A) in the arrangement of the sugar-phosphate chain 
B) in the types of chemical bonds holding bases together 
C) in the sequence of bases 
D) in the orientation of the double strands

Question 19

The structure of a molecule can be revealed by bombarding it with X rays.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Refer to the figure below, and then answer the question that follows.
  
-A mistake is made during DNA replication,so there is incorrect base pairing in the DNA.Depending on how the replication repair mechanism fixes this problem,a point mutation may or may not result.What might the replication repair mechanism do,and would it result in a point mutation?

Accepted Answer

A) The repair mechanism might replace the T with a C, which would result in a point mutation. 
B) The repair mechanism might replace the G with an A, which would result in a point mutation. 
C) The repair mechanism might replace the G with a C, which would result in a point mutation. 
D) The repair mechanism might replace the T with a G, which would not result in a point mutation. 
A) The repair mechanism might replace the T with a C, which would result in a point mutation. 
B) The repair mechanism might replace the G with an A, which would result in a point mutation. 
C) The repair mechanism might replace the G with a C, which would result in a point mutation. 
D) The repair mechanism might replace the T with a G, which would not result in a point mutation.

Exam 13: Passing on Lifes Information: Dna Structure and Replication

A trinucleotide repeat refers to:

The building blocks of DNA are:

Errors never occur in DNA replication because the DNA polymerases edit out mistakes.

A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder.The ________ form the sides,and the ________ form the rungs.

DNA polymerase cannot copy point mutations,so they are not passed on from parent cells to daughter cells in cell division.

In a normal DNA molecule,adenine always pairs with ________,and cytosine always pairs with ________.

What is meant by saying one strand of DNA is the template for the synthesis of another strand?

Mutations will not be passed on to the next generation if they occur in ________ cells.

Watson and Crick's experiments involved isolating DNA,generating X-ray diffraction images of the DNA,and building a model of its structure.

What is one way that incorrect nucleotides are removed from a newly synthesized molecule of DNA?

Base-pairing rules apply from one DNA strand to its partner,but not along the sugar-phosphate "handrails" of a DNA strand.

Melanoma is a cancer that is frequently associated with a mutation in what gene?

Which of these individuals are credited with the discovery of the structure of DNA?

The bases of each strand of a double helix are paired with bases on the other strand,so each strand of DNA is said to be ________ to the other.

What happens to the two original strands of a DNA molecule after the DNA has replicated?

How many different types of bases are used to encode all the genetic information in a molecule of DNA?

How do most mutations affect an organism?

How is the information that specifies a protein stored in DNA?

The structure of a molecule can be revealed by bombarding it with X rays.

Science As a Way of Learning: a Guide to the Natural World

Fundamental Building Blocks: Chemistry, water, and Ph

Lifes Components: Biological Molecules

Lifes Home: the Cell

Lifes Border: the Plasma Membrane

Lifes Mainspring: an Introduction to Energy

Vital Harvest: Deriving Energy From Food

The Green Worlds Gift: Photosynthesis

The Links in Lifes Chain: Genetics and Cell Division

Preparing for Sexual Reproduction: Meiosis

The First Geneticist: Mendel and His Discoveries

Units of Heredity: Chromosomes and Inheritance

How Proteins Are Made: Genetic Transcription, translation, and Regulation

The Future Isnt What It Used to Be: Biotechnology

An Introduction to Evolution: Charles Darwin, evolutionary Thought, and the Evidence for Evolution

The Means of Evolution: Microevolution

The Outcomes of Evolution: Macroevolution

A Slow Unfolding: the History of Life on Earth

Arriving Late,traveling Far: the Evolution of Human Beings

Viruses,bacteria,archaea,and Protists: the Diversity of Life 1

Fungi: the Diversity of Life 2

Animals: the Diversity of Life 3

Plants: the Diversity of Life 4

The Angiosperms: Form and Function in Flowering Plants

Body Support and Movement: the Integumentary, skeletal, and Muscular Systems

Communication and Control 1: the Nervous System

Communication and Control 2: the Endocrine System

Defending the Body: the Immune System

Transport and Exchange 1: Blood and Breath

Transport and Exchange 2: Digestion, nutrition, and Elimination

An Amazingly Detailed Script: Animal Development

How the Baby Came to Be: Human Reproduction

An Interactive Living World 1: Populations in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 2: Communities in Ecology

An Interactive Living World 3: Ecosystems and Biomes

Filters

A DNA molecule can be described as a twisted ladder.The form the sides,and the form the rungs.

In a normal DNA molecule,adenine always pairs with ,and cytosine always pairs with .