Question 1

There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?

Accepted Answer

A) different carboxyl groups attached to an alpha (α)carbon 
B) different amino groups attached to an alpha (α)carbon 
C) different side chains (R groups)attached to an alpha (α)carbon 
D) different alpha (α)carbons 
E) different asymmetric carbons 
A) different carboxyl groups attached to an alpha (α)carbon 
B) different amino groups attached to an alpha (α)carbon 
C) different side chains (R groups)attached to an alpha (α)carbon 
D) different alpha (α)carbons 
E) different asymmetric carbons

Question 2

A molecule with the formula C₁₈H₃₆O₂ is probably a

Accepted Answer

A) carbohydrate. 
B) fatty acid. 
C) protein. 
D) nucleic acid. 
E) hydrocarbon. 
A) carbohydrate. 
B) fatty acid. 
C) protein. 
D) nucleic acid. 
E) hydrocarbon.

Question 3

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A)The number of alpha glucose 1-4 linkages in cellulose
(B)The number of alpha glucose 1-4 linkages in starch

Accepted Answer

A) Item (
A) is greater than item (
B) . 
B) Item (
A) is less than item (
B) . 
C) Item (
A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (
B) . 
D) Item (
A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to item (
B) . 
A) Item (
A) is greater than item (
B) . 
B) Item (
A) is less than item (
B) . 
C) Item (
A) is exactly or very approximately equal to item (
B) . 
D) Item (
A) may stand in more than one of the above relations to item (
B) .

Question 4

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

-Which molecule is glycerol?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 6 
C) 10 
D) 14 
E) 15 
A) 1 
B) 6 
C) 10 
D) 14 
E) 15

Question 5

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

Accepted Answer

A) They are essential components of cell membranes. 
B) They are steroids, which are not soluble in water. 
C) They are made of fatty acids. 
D) They are hydrophilic compounds. 
E) They contribute to atherosclerosis. 
A) They are essential components of cell membranes. 
B) They are steroids, which are not soluble in water. 
C) They are made of fatty acids. 
D) They are hydrophilic compounds. 
E) They contribute to atherosclerosis.

Question 6

Which of the following polymers contain nitrogen?

Accepted Answer

A) starch 
B) glycogen 
C) cellulose 
D) chitin 
E) amylopectin 
A) starch 
B) glycogen 
C) cellulose 
D) chitin 
E) amylopectin

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of DNA is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The 5' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
B) The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
C) The 5' end has thymine attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
D) The 5' end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
E) The 5' end is the fifth position on one of the nitrogenous bases. 
A) The 5' end has a hydroxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
B) The 5' end has a phosphate group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
C) The 5' end has thymine attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
D) The 5' end has a carboxyl group attached to the number 5 carbon of ribose. 
E) The 5' end is the fifth position on one of the nitrogenous bases.

Question 8

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

Accepted Answer

A) C₁₈H₃₆O₁₈ 
B) C₁₈H₃₀O₁₅ 
C) C₆H₁₀O₅ 
D) C₁₈H₁₀O₁5 
E) C₃H₆O₃ 
A) C₁₈H₃₆O₁₈ 
B) C₁₈H₃₀O₁₅ 
C) C₆H₁₀O₅ 
D) C₁₈H₁₀O₁5 
E) C₃H₆O₃

Question 9

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all.

-Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic "head" region and a hydrophobic "tail" region?

Accepted Answer

A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 9 
E) 11 
A) 2 
B) 5 
C) 7 
D) 9 
E) 11

Exam 5: The Structure and Function of Large Biological Molecules

There are 20 different amino acids. What makes one amino acid different from another?

A molecule with the formula C₁₈H₃₆O₂ is probably a

For this pair of items, choose the option that best describes their relationship. (A)The number of alpha glucose 1-4 linkages in cellulose (B)The number of alpha glucose 1-4 linkages in starch

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Which molecule is glycerol?

Why are human sex hormones considered to be lipids?

Which of the following polymers contain nitrogen?

Which of the following statements about the 5' end of a polynucleotide strand of DNA is correct?

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. What would be the molecular formula for a molecule made by linking three glucose molecules together by dehydration reactions?

The following questions are based on the 15 molecules illustrated in Figure 5.8. Each molecule may be used once, more than once, or not at all. -Which of the following molecules consists of a hydrophilic "head" region and a hydrophobic "tail" region?

Introduction: Themes in the Study of Life

The Chemical Context of Life

Water and the Fitness of the Environment

Carbon and the Molecular Diversity of Life

A Tour of the Cell

Membrane Structure and Function

An Introduction to Metabolism

Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy

Photosynthesis

Cell Communication

The Cell Cycle

Meiosis and Sexual Life Cycles

Mendel and the Gene Idea

The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

The Molecular Basis of Inheritance

From Gene to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

Viruses

Biotechnology

Genomes and Their Evolution

Descent With Modification: a Darwinian View of Life

The Evolution of Populations

The Origin of Species

The History of Life on Earth

Phylogeny and the Tree of Life

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land

Plant Diversity Ii: the Evolution of Seed Plants

Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Invertebrates

Vertebrates

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Transport in Vascular Plants

Soil and Plant Nutrition

Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology

Plant Responses to Internal and External Signals

Basic Principles of Animal Form and Function

Animal Nutrition

Circulation and Gas Exchange

The Immune System

Osmoregulation and Excretion

Hormones and the Endocrine System

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Neurons, Synapses, and Signaling

Nervous Systems

Sensory and Motor Mechanisms

Animal Behavior

An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

Conservation Biology and Restoration Ecology

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