Question 1

Figure 16-1 ANS Pathway
  
Use Figure 16-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "6."

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic motor neuron 
B)  preganglionic neuron 
C)  sensory neuron 
D)  ganglionic neuron 
E)  astrocyte 
A)  somatic motor neuron 
B)  preganglionic neuron 
C)  sensory neuron 
D)  ganglionic neuron 
E)  astrocyte

Question 2

Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are ________ and have ________ axons.

Accepted Answer

A)  short; myelinated 
B)  short; unmyelinated 
C)  long; myelinated 
D)  long; unmyelinated 
E)  intermediate; small 
A)  short; myelinated 
B)  short; unmyelinated 
C)  long; myelinated 
D)  long; unmyelinated 
E)  intermediate; small

Question 3

Avisceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n)________ neuron.

Accepted Answer

A)  upper motor 
B)  lower motor 
C)  preganglionic 
D)  postganglionic 
E)  somatomotor 
A)  upper motor 
B)  lower motor 
C)  preganglionic 
D)  postganglionic 
E)  somatomotor

Question 4

Long-term memories that are with you for a lifetime are called ________ memories.

Accepted Answer

A)  tertiary 
B)  reflexive 
C)  consolidated 
D)  multilobar 
E)  secondary 
A)  tertiary 
B)  reflexive 
C)  consolidated 
D)  multilobar 
E)  secondary

Question 5

Autonomic tone is an important aspect of ANS function because it

Accepted Answer

A)  allows ANS neurons to be silent under normal conditions. 
B)  allows ANS neurons to increase activity on demand but not decrease their activity. 
C)  allows ANS neurons to decrease their activity on demand but not increase their activity. 
D)  allows ANS neurons to increase or decrease their activity, providing a range of control options. 
E)  provides for a narrow range of control options that keeps target tissues constantly active. 
A)  allows ANS neurons to be silent under normal conditions. 
B)  allows ANS neurons to increase activity on demand but not decrease their activity. 
C)  allows ANS neurons to decrease their activity on demand but not increase their activity. 
D)  allows ANS neurons to increase or decrease their activity, providing a range of control options. 
E)  provides for a narrow range of control options that keeps target tissues constantly active.

Question 6

Which of the following is essential for memory consolidation?

Accepted Answer

A)  occipital lobe 
B)  basal nuclei 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  insula 
E)  prefrontal lobe 
A)  occipital lobe 
B)  basal nuclei 
C)  hippocampus 
D)  insula 
E)  prefrontal lobe

Question 7

Descending branches of the vagus and splanchnic nerves travel through the ________ plexus.

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac 
B)  pulmonary 
C)  hypogastric 
D)  esophageal 
E)  celiac 
A)  cardiac 
B)  pulmonary 
C)  hypogastric 
D)  esophageal 
E)  celiac

Question 8

Mary accidentally ate poisonous mushrooms that contain muscarine. You would expect to observe all of thefollowing symptoms except

Accepted Answer

A)  diarrhea. 
B)  salivation. 
C)  very fast heart rate. 
D)  sweating. 
E)  low blood pressure. 
A)  diarrhea. 
B)  salivation. 
C)  very fast heart rate. 
D)  sweating. 
E)  low blood pressure.

Question 9

Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic neurons are present in all of the following cranial nerves except

Accepted Answer

A)  III. 
B)  VII. 
C)  IX. 
D)  X. 
E)  XII. 
A)  III. 
B)  VII. 
C)  IX. 
D)  X. 
E)  XII.

Question 10

A pedestrian narrowly avoids being hit by an oncoming car. He notices that it takes a little while for hisheart rate and respiratory rate to return to normal. This is likely because

Accepted Answer

A)  the parasympathetic nervous system has become activated. 
B)  sympathetic activation of the adrenal medulla has released epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream. 
C)  the splanchnic nerves have become activated. 
D)  somatic motor neurons have increased the heart and respiratory rate. 
E)  the corticospinal pathway has become activated. 
A)  the parasympathetic nervous system has become activated. 
B)  sympathetic activation of the adrenal medulla has released epinephrine and norepinephrine into the bloodstream. 
C)  the splanchnic nerves have become activated. 
D)  somatic motor neurons have increased the heart and respiratory rate. 
E)  the corticospinal pathway has become activated.

Question 11

Parasympathetic stimulation

Accepted Answer

A)  increases heart rate. 
B)  increases gastric motility. 
C)  causes sweat glands to secrete. 
D)  causes blood vessels in the skin to dilate. 
E)  causes the pupils to dilate. 
A)  increases heart rate. 
B)  increases gastric motility. 
C)  causes sweat glands to secrete. 
D)  causes blood vessels in the skin to dilate. 
E)  causes the pupils to dilate.

Question 12

The adrenal medullae secrete

Accepted Answer

A)  medullin. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  renin. 
E)  both epinephrine and norepinephrine. 
A)  medullin. 
B)  epinephrine. 
C)  norepinephrine. 
D)  renin. 
E)  both epinephrine and norepinephrine.

Question 13

Most vital organs receive ________ innervation. That is, they receive input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Accepted Answer

A)  single 
B)  dual 
C)  biaxial 
D)  ambitonic 
E)  autonomic 
A)  single 
B)  dual 
C)  biaxial 
D)  ambitonic 
E)  autonomic

Question 14

Sympathomimetic drugs might be used to

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease heart rate. 
B)  decrease blood pressure. 
C)  dilate airways. 
D)  increase gastric motility. 
E)  reduce blood sugar levels. 
A)  decrease heart rate. 
B)  decrease blood pressure. 
C)  dilate airways. 
D)  increase gastric motility. 
E)  reduce blood sugar levels.

Question 15

Drugs known as beta-blockers may be useful for treating

Accepted Answer

A)  constipation. 
B)  diarrhea. 
C)  excessive salivation. 
D)  excessive heart rate. 
E)  prostate disorders. 
A)  constipation. 
B)  diarrhea. 
C)  excessive salivation. 
D)  excessive heart rate. 
E)  prostate disorders.

Question 16

Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease in the rate of cardiac contraction. 
B)  constriction of the pupils. 
C)  dilation of the airways. 
D)  stimulation of urination. 
E)  stimulation of defecation. 
A)  decrease in the rate of cardiac contraction. 
B)  constriction of the pupils. 
C)  dilation of the airways. 
D)  stimulation of urination. 
E)  stimulation of defecation.

Question 17

Intramural ganglia in the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs are innervated by the ________ nerves.

Accepted Answer

A)  spinal 
B)  splanchnic 
C)  chain 
D)  pelvic 
E)  collateral 
A)  spinal 
B)  splanchnic 
C)  chain 
D)  pelvic 
E)  collateral

Question 18

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by all of the following except that it

Accepted Answer

A)  is the most common cause of senile dementia. 
B)  is characterized by a progressive loss of memory. 
C)  has a clear genetic basis. 
D)  is associated with the formation of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. 
E)  may be associated with damage to the nucleus basalis. 
A)  is the most common cause of senile dementia. 
B)  is characterized by a progressive loss of memory. 
C)  has a clear genetic basis. 
D)  is associated with the formation of plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. 
E)  may be associated with damage to the nucleus basalis.

Question 19

Sympathetic nerves contain postganglionic fibers that innervate organs in which cavity?

Accepted Answer

A)  thoracic 
B)  pelvic 
C)  abdominal 
D)  cranial 
E)  abdominopelvic 
A)  thoracic 
B)  pelvic 
C)  abdominal 
D)  cranial 
E)  abdominopelvic

Question 20

Most sympathetic effector junctions release norepinephrine but a significant number release acetylcholine instead. Which of these is an example of an organ of the cholinergic type?

Accepted Answer

A)  the heart 
B)  a blood vessel in the skin 
C)  a sweat gland 
D)  the liver 
E)  the salivary glands 
A)  the heart 
B)  a blood vessel in the skin 
C)  a sweat gland 
D)  the liver 
E)  the salivary glands

Exam 16: The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

Figure 16-1 ANS Pathway Use Figure 16-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "6."

Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are ________ and have ________ axons.

Avisceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS is called a(n)________ neuron.

Long-term memories that are with you for a lifetime are called ________ memories.

Autonomic tone is an important aspect of ANS function because it

Which of the following is essential for memory consolidation?

Descending branches of the vagus and splanchnic nerves travel through the ________ plexus.

Mary accidentally ate poisonous mushrooms that contain muscarine. You would expect to observe all of thefollowing symptoms except

Preganglionic fibers of parasympathetic neurons are present in all of the following cranial nerves except

A pedestrian narrowly avoids being hit by an oncoming car. He notices that it takes a little while for hisheart rate and respiratory rate to return to normal. This is likely because

Parasympathetic stimulation

The adrenal medullae secrete

Most vital organs receive ________ innervation. That is, they receive input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Sympathomimetic drugs might be used to

Drugs known as beta-blockers may be useful for treating

Parasympathetic functions include all of the following, except

Intramural ganglia in the digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs are innervated by the ________ nerves.

Alzheimer's disease is characterized by all of the following except that it

Sympathetic nerves contain postganglionic fibers that innervate organs in which cavity?

Most sympathetic effector junctions release norepinephrine but a significant number release acetylcholine instead. Which of these is an example of an organ of the cholinergic type?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

Filters

Sympathetic preganglionic fibers are and have axons.