Question 1

Each of the following effects is associated with the action of postganglionic sympathetic fibers except

Accepted Answer

A)  increased sweat secretion. 
B)  reduced circulation to the skin. 
C)  decreased heart rate. 
D)  dilation of the pupils. 
E)  increased blood flow to skeletal muscles. 
A)  increased sweat secretion. 
B)  reduced circulation to the skin. 
C)  decreased heart rate. 
D)  dilation of the pupils. 
E)  increased blood flow to skeletal muscles.

Question 2

Postganglionic axons usually are

Accepted Answer

A)  myelinated. 
B)  unmyelinated. 
C)  larger than preganglionic fibers. 
D)  located in the brain. 
E)  located in the spinal cord. 
A)  myelinated. 
B)  unmyelinated. 
C)  larger than preganglionic fibers. 
D)  located in the brain. 
E)  located in the spinal cord.

Question 3

Preganglionic fibers that innervate the collateral ganglia form the

Accepted Answer

A)  adrenal medulla. 
B)  celiac ganglia. 
C)  sympathetic chain ganglia. 
D)  inferior mesenteric ganglia. 
E)  splanchnic nerves. 
A)  adrenal medulla. 
B)  celiac ganglia. 
C)  sympathetic chain ganglia. 
D)  inferior mesenteric ganglia. 
E)  splanchnic nerves.

Question 4

n-Text Figure Based Questions
-What neurotransmitter is released from most varicosities in the sympathetic division? (Figure 16-4)

Accepted Answer

A)  dopamine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  norepinephrine 
E)  GABA 
A)  dopamine 
B)  serotonin 
C)  epinephrine 
D)  norepinephrine 
E)  GABA

Question 5

Autonomic disorders would not cause

Accepted Answer

A)  excessive perspiration. 
B)  appetite. 
C)  sexual arousal. 
D)  problems in maintenance of blood pressure. 
E)  problems related to skeletal muscle function. 
A)  excessive perspiration. 
B)  appetite. 
C)  sexual arousal. 
D)  problems in maintenance of blood pressure. 
E)  problems related to skeletal muscle function.

Question 6

A doctor places drops in the eyes to dilate the pupils for an examination. The type of drug that is used is a(n) ________ drug.
1. sympathomimetic
2. parasympathomimetic
3. adrenergic activating
4. cholinergic activating

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  1, 3 
E)  2, 4 
A)  1, 2 
B)  3 
C)  4 
D)  1, 3 
E)  2, 4

Question 7

Dual innervation refers to an organ receiving

Accepted Answer

A)  two nerves from the spinal cord. 
B)  both autonomic and somatomotor nerves. 
C)  both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. 
D)  nerves from both the brain and the spinal cord. 
E)  both sensory and motor nerves. 
A)  two nerves from the spinal cord. 
B)  both autonomic and somatomotor nerves. 
C)  both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation. 
D)  nerves from both the brain and the spinal cord. 
E)  both sensory and motor nerves.

Question 8

Figure 16-1 ANS Pathway
  
Use Figure 16-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "4."

Accepted Answer

A)  preganglionic neuron 
B)  postganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerve 
C)  preganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerve 
D)  collateral ganglion 
E)  white ramus communicans 
A)  preganglionic neuron 
B)  postganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerve 
C)  preganglionic fibers of sympathetic nerve 
D)  collateral ganglion 
E)  white ramus communicans

Question 9

The statement "It controls the diameter of the pupil" is

Accepted Answer

A)  true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. 
B)  true only for the sympathetic nervous system. 
C)  true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. 
D)  not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems. 
E)  true only for the somatic nervous system. 
A)  true only for the parasympathetic nervous system. 
B)  true only for the sympathetic nervous system. 
C)  true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems. 
D)  not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems. 
E)  true only for the somatic nervous system.

Question 10

In which system are the ganglia in or near the target organ?

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic division of the ANS 
B)  parasympathetic division of the ANS 
C)  somatic nervous system 
D)  afferent nervous system 
E)  central nervous system 
A)  sympathetic division of the ANS 
B)  parasympathetic division of the ANS 
C)  somatic nervous system 
D)  afferent nervous system 
E)  central nervous system

Question 11

The regulation of awake-asleep cycles appears to involve an interplay between brain stem nuclei that use different neurotransmitters. The one that favors alertness is ________ and the other promoting deep sleep is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine; serotonin 
B)  serotonin; norepinephrine 
C)  norepinephrine; serotonin 
D)  dopamine; GABA 
E)  glutamate; serotonin 
A)  acetylcholine; serotonin 
B)  serotonin; norepinephrine 
C)  norepinephrine; serotonin 
D)  dopamine; GABA 
E)  glutamate; serotonin

Question 12

Visceral motor neuron nuclei are located in which part of the brain?

Accepted Answer

A)  midbrain 
B)  primary motor cortex 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  thalamus 
E)  cerebellum 
A)  midbrain 
B)  primary motor cortex 
C)  hypothalamus 
D)  thalamus 
E)  cerebellum

Question 13

Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that innervate the heart pass through the

Accepted Answer

A)  celiac plexus. 
B)  hypogastric plexus. 
C)  cardiac plexus. 
D)  sphenopalatine ganglia. 
E)  otic ganglia. 
A)  celiac plexus. 
B)  hypogastric plexus. 
C)  cardiac plexus. 
D)  sphenopalatine ganglia. 
E)  otic ganglia.

Question 14

Sympathetic axon terminals form a branching network of swollen segments called

Accepted Answer

A)  ganglia. 
B)  receptors. 
C)  varicosities. 
D)  nuclei. 
E)  bulbs. 
A)  ganglia. 
B)  receptors. 
C)  varicosities. 
D)  nuclei. 
E)  bulbs.

Question 15

Explain what dual innervation means with regard to the autonomic nervous system. Using the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive systems as examples, explain how dual innervation regulates the function of each system.

Accepted Answer

Dual innervation means that both the sym

Question 16

Which of the following is an inherited disease characterized by destruction of ACh-secreting and GABA-secreting neurons in the basal nuclei causing difficulty controlling movements?

Accepted Answer

A)  schizophrenia 
B)  Parkinson's disease 
C)  Huntington's disease 
D)  Alzheimer's disease 
E)  senile dementia 
A)  schizophrenia 
B)  Parkinson's disease 
C)  Huntington's disease 
D)  Alzheimer's disease 
E)  senile dementia

Question 17

The majority of norepinephrine released by varicosities only briefly affects the target tissue because it is quickly reused or broken down by

Accepted Answer

A)  monoamine oxidase. 
B)  acetylcholinesterase. 
C)  nitroxide. 
D)  decarboxylase. 
E)  catalase. 
A)  monoamine oxidase. 
B)  acetylcholinesterase. 
C)  nitroxide. 
D)  decarboxylase. 
E)  catalase.

Question 18

The sympathetic division of the ANS is also known as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  somatic division 
B)  craniosacral division 
C)  resting division 
D)  thoracolumbar division 
E)  lumbosacral division 
A)  somatic division 
B)  craniosacral division 
C)  resting division 
D)  thoracolumbar division 
E)  lumbosacral division

Question 19

For minor surgical procedures, Valium is typically given to patients to cause anterograde amnesia. Thismeans the patient will temporarily

Accepted Answer

A)  forget all fact memories such as the color of a stop sign. 
B)  forget skill memories like how to ride a bike. 
C)  forget long-term memories like their name. 
D)  forget memories from before surgery. 
E)  forget memories from during and immediately after surgery. 
A)  forget all fact memories such as the color of a stop sign. 
B)  forget skill memories like how to ride a bike. 
C)  forget long-term memories like their name. 
D)  forget memories from before surgery. 
E)  forget memories from during and immediately after surgery.

Question 20

Which of the following is a sympathetic neurotransmitter used for vasodilation?

Accepted Answer

A)  acetylcholine 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  serotonin 
E)  nitric oxide 
A)  acetylcholine 
B)  norepinephrine 
C)  dopamine 
D)  serotonin 
E)  nitric oxide

Exam 16: The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

Each of the following effects is associated with the action of postganglionic sympathetic fibers except

Postganglionic axons usually are

Preganglionic fibers that innervate the collateral ganglia form the

n-Text Figure Based Questions -What neurotransmitter is released from most varicosities in the sympathetic division? (Figure 16-4)

Autonomic disorders would not cause

A doctor places drops in the eyes to dilate the pupils for an examination. The type of drug that is used is a(n) ________ drug. 1. sympathomimetic 2. parasympathomimetic 3. adrenergic activating 4. cholinergic activating

Dual innervation refers to an organ receiving

Figure 16-1 ANS Pathway Use Figure 16-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "4."

The statement "It controls the diameter of the pupil" is

In which system are the ganglia in or near the target organ?

The regulation of awake-asleep cycles appears to involve an interplay between brain stem nuclei that use different neurotransmitters. The one that favors alertness is ________ and the other promoting deep sleep is ________.

Visceral motor neuron nuclei are located in which part of the brain?

Sympathetic and parasympathetic fibers that innervate the heart pass through the

Sympathetic axon terminals form a branching network of swollen segments called

Explain what dual innervation means with regard to the autonomic nervous system. Using the cardiovascular, respiratory and digestive systems as examples, explain how dual innervation regulates the function of each system.

Which of the following is an inherited disease characterized by destruction of ACh-secreting and GABA-secreting neurons in the basal nuclei causing difficulty controlling movements?

The majority of norepinephrine released by varicosities only briefly affects the target tissue because it is quickly reused or broken down by

The sympathetic division of the ANS is also known as which of the following?

For minor surgical procedures, Valium is typically given to patients to cause anterograde amnesia. Thismeans the patient will temporarily

Which of the following is a sympathetic neurotransmitter used for vasodilation?

An Introduction to Anatomy and Physiology

The Chemical Level of Organization

The Cellular Level of Organization

The Tissue Level of Organization

The Integumentary System

Bones and Bone Structure

The Axial Skeleton

The Appendicular Skeleton

Joints

Muscle Tissue

The Muscular System

Nervous Tissue

The Spinal Cord, Spinal Nerves, and Spinal Reflexes

The Brain and Cranial Nerves

Sensory Pathways and the Somatic Nervous System

The Special Senses

The Endocrine System

Blood

The Heart

Blood Vessels and Circulation

The Lymphatic System and Immunity

The Respiratory System

The Digestive System

Metabolism, Nutrition, and Energetics

The Urinary System

Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

The Reproductive System

Development and Inheritance

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The regulation of awake-asleep cycles appears to involve an interplay between brain stem nuclei that use different neurotransmitters. The one that favors alertness is and the other promoting deep sleep is .