Exam 6: Deviance and Crime

__________ is the systematic study of crime and the criminal justice system, including the police, courts, and prisons.

According to Lemert, some people engage in __________ deviance, which occurs when a person who has been labeled a deviant seeks to normalize the behavior by relabeling it as nondeviant.

The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) was developed by __________.

The text uses the term __________ for the trafficking across nations' borders in drugs, weapons, and nuclear weapons.

__________ seeks to return offenders to the community as law-abiding citizens by providing therapy or vocational or educational training. Offenders are treated, not punished, so that they will not continue their criminal activity.

Gangs provide members with a means of attaining higher status and material rewards that may otherwise seem unavailable to them. Cloward and Ohlin have coined the concept of __________ to refer to this.

Juveniles account for approximately __________ of arrests for violent crime?

Which of the following crimes is not legally considered a felony?

The __________ feminist approach explains women's deviance and crime as a rational response to the gender discrimination that women experience in families and the workplace.

Violent crime in the United States increased from 2011 to 2012.

Organized crime thrives primarily because________________________.

Drug use and addiction is prevalent within gangs that are unable to gain success through legitimate means and are unwilling to do so through illegal ones.

A person may shoplift an item of clothing from a department store and be apprehended and labeled as a "thief," subsequently accept that label, and then go on to shoplift more in the future. This future behavior is an example of __________.

Sutherland's __________ theory states that people have a greater tendency to deviate from societal norms when they frequently interact with individuals who are more favorable toward deviance than conformity.

Of all factors associated with crime, the age of the offender is one of the most significant. Arrest rates for violent crime and property crime are highest for people between the ages of __________.

Discuss the functions of deviance according to sociologist Emile Durkheim.

Higher-income households are more likely than lower-income households to be the victims of property crimes and burglary.

Differentiate between occupational and corporate crime and discuss their relative impact on society.

According to sociologist Edwin Lemert, several stages may occur in the labeling process.  __________ deviance refers to the initial act of rule breaking.

Explain the sociological definition of deviance.