Chat with AIExam 12: B: Physiology of the Muscular System
Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
-protein that joins with calcium ions to allow cross-bridges to form
(35) 
VerifiedJ
Which of the following proteins found in myofilaments contains the cross-bridges?
(38) VerifiedA
Describe the structure of smooth muscle.Differentiate between single-unit and multiunit muscle tissue.
(39) 
Answered by Examlex AI CopilotSmooth muscle is a type of muscle tissue that is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, intestines, and blood vessels. It is also present in the walls of the respiratory and reproductive systems. The structure of smooth muscle is different from that of skeletal muscle, which is the type of muscle that is attached to bones and allows for voluntary movement.
Smooth muscle cells are spindle-shaped and have a single nucleus. They lack the striations that are characteristic of skeletal muscle cells. Instead of being organized into long, multinucleated fibers, smooth muscle cells are arranged in sheets or layers. These cells are connected by gap junctions, which allow for coordinated contraction of the muscle tissue.
There are two types of smooth muscle tissue: single-unit and multiunit. Single-unit smooth muscle, also known as visceral or unitary smooth muscle, is the more common type. In single-unit smooth muscle, the cells are connected by gap junctions and contract as a single unit. This type of muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs and blood vessels, and its contractions are often involuntary.
Multiunit smooth muscle, on the other hand, consists of individual muscle fibers that are not connected by gap junctions. Each fiber contracts independently, and this type of muscle is found in the iris of the eye, the arrector pili muscles in the skin, and the walls of larger blood vessels. The contractions of multiunit smooth muscle are often under voluntary control.
In summary, the structure of smooth muscle is characterized by spindle-shaped cells arranged in sheets or layers, lacking striations, and connected by gap junctions. Single-unit smooth muscle contracts as a single unit and is found in hollow organs, while multiunit smooth muscle consists of individual fibers and is found in specific locations where voluntary control is needed.
The ability of muscle cells to respond to nerve stimuli is called:
(29) List and describe the three general functions of skeletal muscle tissue.
(32) Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles?
(32) The myofilament that can be described as bundled golf clubs with their heads sticking out from the bundle is:
(35) From smallest to largest,which of the following is the correct order of arrangement?
(34) All of the following are characteristics of smooth muscle except:
(33) Match each term with its corresponding description regarding the sliding filament theory.
-protein that has cross-bridge heads that pull on the thin fiber
(36) Match each term with its corresponding description regarding the sliding filament theory.
-by energizing these structures,chemical energy is converted to mechanical energy
(39) Explain the similarities and differences between skeletal and cardiac muscle cells.How do these differences reflect the functioning of the heart?
(34) Match each term with its corresponding definition or description.
-the ability of a muscle to stretch
(32) Match each term with its corresponding description regarding the sliding filament theory.
-protein that has active sites for cross-bridge heads
(27) Which part of the sarcomere stays almost the same size during contraction?
(37) 
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