Exam 37: A: Genetics and Heredity

The manner in which the genotype is expressed is called the phenotype.

There are no normal alpha hemoglobin chains in a person with sickle cell anemia.

The term mutation simply means "change."

The principle of independent assortment states that each gamete formed is likely to have the same set of 23 chromosomes.

Nondisjunction results in gametes that produce either trisomy or monosomy in the cells of offspring.

Most of the coding sections of DNA contain T-A-rich sections.

People with xeroderma pigmentosum have a high risk of developing skin cancer.

In order for reproduction to be successful,all gametes must be haploid cells.

A person who is heterozygous for albinism will have the abnormal phenotype for the condition.

The term pedigree refers to the entire collection of genetic material in each typical cell of the human body.

In the human,the 22 pairs of autosomes always appear to be nearly identical to each other.

The process of mitosis in humans produces gametes that contain only 23 chromosomes.

A sperm containing a Y chromosome swims faster than a sperm containing an X chromosome.

About 1% of the sperm and 10% of the oocytes have extra,missing,or broken chromosomes.

Trisomy conditions that involve about 75% of the autosomes are fatal to the offspring.

Some disease conditions,such as trisomy,always require the combined effects of inheritance and environmental factors.

The effect on the body of uncontrolled PKU is damage to the liver and kidneys.

People with sickle-cell trait must be heterozygous.

The father determines the sex of the offspring.

Crossing over is a unique phenomenon that prevents genetic variation among offspring of a single set of parents.