Exam 22: A: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

If the stroke volume remains constant,parasympathetic stimulation of the heart will cause an increase in cardiac output.

During atrial systole the AV valves are closed.

Valvular insufficiency can cause heart murmurs.

The greater the cross-sectional area of a vessel,the greater the speed of the blood flow.

Two important baroreceptors are located in the aorta and the carotid artery.

Venous pulse is just as significant clinically as arterial pulse.

An increase in ADH in the blood would have a tendency to increase total blood volume.

When the amount of blood reaching the medulla drops,the medulla stimulates vasodilation to increase the flow of blood to the brain.

The velocity of blood flow slows in the capillaries in association with an increase in total cross-sectional area.

Premature contractions,or extra systoles,often occur with lack of sleep,too much caffeine or nicotine,alcoholism,or heart damage.

The drop in blood pressure is greater between the aorta and capillary bed than it is between the capillaries and the venae cavae.

Cardiac output and peripheral resistance are directly proportional to arterial blood volume.

The "pump" of the "respiratory pump" that moves blood to the central veins is the diaphragm.

Diastolic pressure is the force of blood pushing against artery walls when the ventricles are contracting.

As arterial blood pressure decreases,the number of impulses from the carotid baroreceptors to the medulla decreases.

Anger and fear have opposite effects on the heart rate.

The right atrium would have the lowest blood pressure in the systemic circulatory system.

Deep,rapid breathing will increase the return of blood to the heart.

In a typical healthy heart,ejection fraction is between 80% and 85%.

A fluid flows because a pressure gradient exists between different parts of its volume.