Question 1

When aldosterone is released,secretion of _____ occurs.

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonium 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  potassium 
D)  sodium 
A)  ammonium 
B)  hydrogen 
C)  potassium 
D)  sodium C

Question 2

Cells called podocytes make up the:

Accepted Answer

A)  parietal layer of Bowman capsule. 
B)  visceral layer of Bowman capsule. 
C)  glomerulus. 
D)  proximal tubule. 
A)  parietal layer of Bowman capsule. 
B)  visceral layer of Bowman capsule. 
C)  glomerulus. 
D)  proximal tubule. B

Question 3

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1.
-glomerulus

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 A

Question 4

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location.
-part of the nephron that establishes a countercurrent multiplier mechanism

Accepted Answer

A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta 
A) Distal convoluted tubule 
B) Glomerulus 
C) Bowman capsule 
D) Loop of Henle 
E) Proximal convoluted tubule
F)Collecting duct
G)Peritubular capillary
H)Vasa recta

Question 5

The mechanism for voiding begins with:

Accepted Answer

A)  the relaxation of the internal sphincter. 
B)  the contraction of the muscles of the bladder. 
C)  the relaxation of the external sphincter. 
D)  a parasympathetic impulse sent to the bladder. 
A)  the relaxation of the internal sphincter. 
B)  the contraction of the muscles of the bladder. 
C)  the relaxation of the external sphincter. 
D)  a parasympathetic impulse sent to the bladder.

Question 6

Determine the filtration pressure based on the following values:
A.The glomerular hydrostatic pressure is 55 mm Hg.
B.The glomerular osmotic pressure is 27 mm Hg.
C.The capsular hydrostatic pressure is 18 mm Hg.

Accepted Answer

To determine the net filtration pressure

Question 7

The calyces of the kidney join together to form a large collection reservoir called the:

Accepted Answer

A)  renal columns. 
B)  renal pyramids. 
C)  renal pelvis. 
D)  hilum. 
A)  renal columns. 
B)  renal pyramids. 
C)  renal pelvis. 
D)  hilum.

Question 8

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1.
-collecting duct

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 9

Which statement identifies two blood indicators of renal dysfunction and best explains why they can be as such?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased urea and creatinine levels in the blood indicate the inability of the kidney to filter creatinine and urea. 
B)  Glucose in urine and complete blood count elevations indicate the kidney's inability to produce red blood cells. 
C)  pH and specific gravity elevation indicate kidney dysfunction because an increase in solutes prevents the kidney from filtering correctly. 
D)  Albumin and acetone decreases indicate that the kidney is unable to reabsorb these in the loop of Henle. 
A)  Increased urea and creatinine levels in the blood indicate the inability of the kidney to filter creatinine and urea. 
B)  Glucose in urine and complete blood count elevations indicate the kidney's inability to produce red blood cells. 
C)  pH and specific gravity elevation indicate kidney dysfunction because an increase in solutes prevents the kidney from filtering correctly. 
D)  Albumin and acetone decreases indicate that the kidney is unable to reabsorb these in the loop of Henle.

Question 10

Approximately how much blood flows through the kidneys per minute?

Accepted Answer

A)  500 ml 
B)  750 ml 
C)  1200 ml 
D)  3500 ml 
A)  500 ml 
B)  750 ml 
C)  1200 ml 
D)  3500 ml

Question 11

It is true that women suffer from urinary bladder infections more often than men do.Why?

Accepted Answer

Yes, it is true that women suffer from u

Question 12

Reabsorption,as performed in the kidney,may be defined as the:

Accepted Answer

A)  movement of molecules out of the tubule and into the peritubular blood. 
B)  movement of molecules out of the peritubular blood and into the tubule for excretion. 
C)  movement of water and solutes from the plasma in the glomerulus, across the glomerular-capsular membrane, and into the capsular space of Bowman capsule. 
D)  volume of plasma from which a substance is removed by the kidney per minute. 
A)  movement of molecules out of the tubule and into the peritubular blood. 
B)  movement of molecules out of the peritubular blood and into the tubule for excretion. 
C)  movement of water and solutes from the plasma in the glomerulus, across the glomerular-capsular membrane, and into the capsular space of Bowman capsule. 
D)  volume of plasma from which a substance is removed by the kidney per minute.

Question 13

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1.
-urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 3 
D) 4 
E) 5
F)6
G)7

Question 14

Within the male urethra,how is urine prevented from mixing with semen during ejaculation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Conscious control of a sphincter muscle guarding the bladder opening 
B)  Contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder 
C)  By the urinary meatus 
D)  Reflex closure of sphincter muscles guarding the bladder opening 
A)  Conscious control of a sphincter muscle guarding the bladder opening 
B)  Contraction of the detrusor muscle of the bladder 
C)  By the urinary meatus 
D)  Reflex closure of sphincter muscles guarding the bladder opening

Question 15

One difference between the male urethra and the female urethra is the male urethra is:

Accepted Answer

A)  shorter. 
B)  part of two different body systems. 
C)  unique in that there are no additional ducts that merge with it. 
D)  both B and C. 
A)  shorter. 
B)  part of two different body systems. 
C)  unique in that there are no additional ducts that merge with it. 
D)  both B and C.

Question 16

Explain why a person who has uncontrolled diabetes mellitus voids a large amount of urine.

Accepted Answer

A person with uncontrolled diabetes mell

Question 17

Which of the following is the approximate threshold level for the reabsorption of glucose?

Accepted Answer

A)  100 mg/100 ml 
B)  300 mg/100 ml 
C)  200 mg/100 ml 
D)  250 mg/100 ml 
A)  100 mg/100 ml 
B)  300 mg/100 ml 
C)  200 mg/100 ml 
D)  250 mg/100 ml

Question 18

The shape of the kidney could best be described as _____-shaped.

Accepted Answer

A)  bean 
B)  pear 
C)  pea 
D)  potato 
A)  bean 
B)  pear 
C)  pea 
D)  potato

Question 19

At the beginning of the "plumbing system" of the urinary system,urine leaving the renal papilla is collected in the cuplike structures called:

Accepted Answer

A)  renal columns. 
B)  renal pyramids. 
C)  calyces. 
D)  ureters. 
A)  renal columns. 
B)  renal pyramids. 
C)  calyces. 
D)  ureters.

Question 20

Which blood vessel drains the vasa recta?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lobar vein 
B)  Arcuate vein 
C)  Interlobular vein 
D)  Both B and C 
A)  Lobar vein 
B)  Arcuate vein 
C)  Interlobular vein 
D)  Both B and C

Exam 31: B: Urinary System

When aldosterone is released,secretion of _____ occurs.

Cells called podocytes make up the:

Starting with the afferent arteriole, place the parts of the nephron in correct anatomical order, beginning with the number 1. -glomerulus

Match each of the structures of the nephron with its description, function, or location. -part of the nephron that establishes a countercurrent multiplier mechanism

The mechanism for voiding begins with:

Determine the filtration pressure based on the following values: A.The glomerular hydrostatic pressure is 55 mm Hg. B.The glomerular osmotic pressure is 27 mm Hg. C.The capsular hydrostatic pressure is 18 mm Hg.

The calyces of the kidney join together to form a large collection reservoir called the:

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -collecting duct

Which statement identifies two blood indicators of renal dysfunction and best explains why they can be as such?

Approximately how much blood flows through the kidneys per minute?

It is true that women suffer from urinary bladder infections more often than men do.Why?

Reabsorption,as performed in the kidney,may be defined as the:

Place in correct anatomical order the structures of the pathway of urine leaving the distal tubule, beginning with the number 1. -urinary bladder

Within the male urethra,how is urine prevented from mixing with semen during ejaculation?

One difference between the male urethra and the female urethra is the male urethra is:

Explain why a person who has uncontrolled diabetes mellitus voids a large amount of urine.

Which of the following is the approximate threshold level for the reabsorption of glucose?

The shape of the kidney could best be described as _____-shaped.

At the beginning of the "plumbing system" of the urinary system,urine leaving the renal papilla is collected in the cuplike structures called:

Which blood vessel drains the vasa recta?

A: Organization of the Body

B: Organization of the Body

A: The Chemical Basis of Life

B: The Chemical Basis of Life

A: Anatomy of Cells

B: Anatomy of Cells

Physiology of Cells

Cell Growth and Reproduction

Tissues

A: Skin and Its Appendages

B: Skin and Its Appendages

A: Skeletal Tissues

B: Skeletal Tissues

Skeletal System

A: Articulations

B: Articulations

A: Anatomy of the Muscular System

B: Anatomy of the Muscular System

A: Physiology of the Muscular System

B: Physiology of the Muscular System

A: Nervous System Cells

B: Nervous System Cells

A: Central Nervous System

B: Central Nervous System

Peripheral Nervous System

Autonomic Nervous System

A: Sense Organs

B: Sense Organs

Endocrine System

Endocrine Glands

Blood

Anatomy of the Cardiovascular System

A: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

B: Physiology of the Cardiovascular System

Lymphatic System

A: Immune System

B: Immune System

Stress

Anatomy of the Respiratory System

A: Physiology of the Respiratory System

B: Physiology of the Respiratory System

A: Anatomy of the Digestive System

B: Anatomy of the Digestive System

A: Physiology of the Digestive System

B: Physiology of the Digestive System

A: Nutrition and Metabolism

B: Nutrition and Metabolism

A: Urinary System

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid-Base Balance

Male Reproductive System

A: Female Reproductive System

B: Female Reproductive System

A: Growth and Development

B: Growth and Development

A: Genetics and Heredity

B: Genetics and Heredity

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